How Saying Less Makes People Respect You More - Robert Greene (4K) · 苏菲拉底
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How Saying Less Makes People Respect You More - Robert Greene (4K)

节目发布 2024-09-16 · Chris Williamson
罗伯特·格林 CChris Williamson
EDITED TRANSCRIPT · 依据现场录音编译整理,可划线生成便签
这是罗伯特·格林时隔五年再度做客《Modern Wisdom》的一次长谈,录制于洛杉矶。格林是《权力的48条法则》《人性的法则》的作者,克里斯·威廉森是这档播客的主理人。两人从一本典藏版图书的装帧聊起,一路谈到哲学为何失去了灵魂、技能如何改写大脑、声誉为何不可赎回、怪异为何是力量的源头,以及压力如何成为创造的燃料。本文依据现场录音编译整理。

一本书的侧边魔术

主持人: 罗伯特·格林,欢迎来到节目。

格林: 谢谢你邀请我,克里斯。

主持人: 这么多年之后我们终于见面了。你第一次上节目是第78期,那是五年前。你知道现在是第几期吗?第820期。这档节目比你第一次来的时候大了四百倍。所以我想跟你说声谢谢。

格林: 四百倍?别这样,克里斯。

主持人: 我知道,我知道。说实话我有点遗憾,我本来很想在我们见面之前冲到500那个数字,好让你印象深刻一点。总之,谢谢你当年那么早就愿意来。

格林: 不客气,不客气。

主持人: 我还想谢谢你寄给我那本《权力的48条法则》典藏版。那是我见过最酷的一本书。给没看过的人描述一下:真皮封面,烫金,封面上一个金色的「48」,书口是全金的,纸张外沿镀了一圈金。但你把书页往一个方向扇开,出现的是你的脸;往另一个方向扇开,出现的是马基雅维利那幅著名的肖像。太酷了。

格林: 是很酷。不过这个功劳我不能全占。我前三本书的合作伙伴做的,他是个天才设计师,过程中征求过我的意见,但真正的脑袋是他。

主持人: 那种东西你没法不掏出手机拍一张。而且用的其实是最基础的技术,早就存在了,小时候麦片盒上就有,换个角度看图案就变了。可是从来没人把它用在一本书上。

格林: 他是个很奇怪的人,荷兰人,非常有意思,我们俩的配合一直很默契。他去查资料,发现十八世纪有一种技法就是用在书口上的,你一翻页,一幅图像就浮现出来。他研究了他们当年怎么做,然后用数字技术把它复刻了出来。我觉得这挺天才的,挺有意思的。

主持人: 这人是谁?

格林: 他叫约斯特·埃尔弗斯(Joost Elffers)。我前三本书上都有他的名字,「约斯特·埃尔弗斯图书」。如果没有他,我今天不会坐在这里。我要么已经死了,要么还在好莱坞混,然后大概也差不多死了。是他发现了我。这个故事我讲过很多次:他给了我人生第一个机会,我写《权力的48条法则》的那段时间,是他在资助我。书是他制作的、设计的,我们一起设计的。我欠他很多。

主持人: 他现在还参与吗?

格林: 是的,《每日法则》的封面也是他设计的。我们还在一起做事。

哲学丢了灵魂

主持人: 你觉得现代哲学的问题出在哪儿?我们是从哪一步走错的?

格林: 这个题目太大了,哲学有很多不同的面向。但跟我们文化里的很多东西一样,它把自己的灵魂弄丢了。若干年前,我们在某个岔路口拐错了弯,我们不再信任自己的思考,不再信任自己的大脑和头脑。苏格拉底也好,尼采也好,中间跳过两千年也好,他们不会坐在那里翻科学期刊,查关于意识起源的研究、数据、数学公式,来搞清楚大脑是怎么运作的、人到底是什么。我现在正在写苏格拉底,读了大量关于他的东西。他说的那些话简直精彩绝伦,令人震撼,而且对今天这个世界极其贴切。可要是他活在今天,人们只会嘲笑他:这全是臆测,全是主观的,数据在哪儿?硬事实在哪儿?

心理学被这套心态污染得更厉害,但哲学也是这样。那种东西我读不下去。对我来说,哲学必须跟我的生活、跟「活着」这件事、跟我的灵魂、跟我每天的日常、跟我早上醒来要想的事情有直接的连接。它不能全是那种飘在天上的抽象玩意儿,我的脑子抓不住。我想知道怎么活,我想知道怎么思考,我想知道怎么呼吸。

我很投入地在做禅修,也读禅宗哲学。对我来说那是最美的哲学形态之一,它讲的全是怎么把你的日常生活扎下根来。你甚至可以说禅是终极的现实主义哲学,最现实的哲学,它把你带回到真正真实的东西上去。当然,他们的语言可以非常古怪,会抛给你一些公案来改变你的意识状态,但内核是非常可亲的。他们要你把这套哲学拿去过日子,不要让哲学和生活分成两截。

所以现在那些东西我读不进去,就是读不进去。有些人写的我喜欢,但他们通常不被算作哲学家。我最喜欢的一位作家,几乎不会有人听说过他,他几年前刚去世,所以勉强算同代人,叫罗伯托·卡拉索(Roberto Calasso)。他写的书精彩得不得了,我会把它算作哲学。他是意大利人,做了很多年出版社的主编,但他写的是古代世界,把故事和轶事糅在一起。他有一本书叫《卡德摩斯与哈尔摩尼亚的婚礼》,是你这辈子能读到的最精彩的书之一。那对我来说才是哲学,因为它搅动我的灵魂,让我思考,让我去想象这个世界,让我重新打量自己正在过的日子。可其他那些东西,我就是读不了。我不是说这是他们的错,也许是我自己的问题。但对我来说,哲学是一路钻进了某个兔子洞。

主持人: 如果你得这么费劲才能跟整个世界的哲学产生共鸣,我不知道,我觉得这多半不是你的问题。你在很努力地尝试,你敞开着自己,结果只在这儿那儿捡到几点微光。

格林: 是的,是的。有个哲学家,请原谅我,我的记性不如从前了,也许名字待会儿会想起来。他写过一篇非常有名的文章,叫《成为一只蝙蝠是什么感觉》。我当时觉得太棒了,特别兴奋,还把收录这篇文章的书买了下来。他是个很有名的哲学家,其实相当聪明,很有意思。

主持人: 你正在往上翻眼睛想。托马斯·内格尔(Thomas Nagel)。

格林: 对,托马斯·内格尔。他写过一些非常有意思的书,但它们抓不住我,不像尼采、叔本华,甚至海德格尔那样抓住我。他关于「成为蝙蝠是什么感觉」的想法,本质上是在说:我们无法知道。因为那种意识跟我们的差得太远,是回声定位,我们没有任何可以类比的东西,所以收起你的傲慢吧,你不可能知道。我有一部分是理解他的,但也有一部分不同意。因为我在新书里写了一章关于动物意识的内容,讲我们如何能把自己放进哪怕是蝙蝠或蜘蛛这样奇怪的存在里去。我写了很多关于蜘蛛怎么思考的内容。

是,这件事有限度,那正是他那篇文章的要点。但我发现,尤其是在今天这个世界,尤其是在学术界,人们有一种必须「反对点什么」的强迫症。你是在反应,他是在反对那些把动物过度共情、过度拟人化的人。好,那我就写一本说反话的书,我就能拿到关注,我就能上《纽约时报书评》,人们就会听我说,因为我站在了某样东西的对立面。学术界就是这样,要摆出某个新奇的姿态,通常还是从某个文化视角出发的姿态。而真相要圆融得多,它没那么僵硬。你只是在反应,只是朝反方向走,你到不了真相。

所以也许答案是两者的结合。也许我们对一只蝙蝠如何思考的认识确实有限度,但我们也确实有一种惊人的能力,能把自己放进别的生命体里,去获得一种感觉,不是智性上的理解,而是一种感受:回声,回声,那可能是什么滋味。我们能大致感觉到一点。我写到蜘蛛,它们的智能形态完全是关于振动的。它们用八条腿、用腿的底部去感受,感受风的吹拂,感受网上的振动,感受天气,它们知道暴风雨要来了。有生物落在网上,它们仅凭振动就能察觉。大象的脚也有非常相似的能力,它们能感知十英里外的地震。我们能对这些有所体会,因为我们也能感觉到振动。

我确实没法真正「知道」一只蜘蛛,但蜘蛛是有智能的,而「蜘蛛有智能、蜘蛛会思考」这个想法本身就很激进。我不知道,我好像扯远了,但我是在试着回答你的问题。

主持人: 这里面有一种游戏的精神,我觉得那很好玩。我懂你的意思,现在有一种奇怪的、高度审视的、怀疑主义的姿态。

格林: 是缺少游戏性。你说得太准了,谢谢你,你一锤子敲在钉子上了。

技能是黄金

主持人: 你教给比利·奥本海默的另一句话我也记住了,你说:压倒一切地,专注于获取知识和技能。知识和技能就像黄金,是一种货币,你会把它转化成某种比你能想象的更有价值的东西。这跟你的一条推文意思接近:那些没有用在学习技能上的时间,最终会来找你算账,而那一跤会摔得很疼。这是什么意思?

格林: 人生可能是相当艰难的。你有时候根本不知道自己要往哪儿去,这世上没有人给你任何指引。你大学毕业的时候,没有人跟你说:去吧,罗伯特,你去研究这个,这才是你,这才是你的大脑适合干的事。你得自己找路。

我个人在荒野里待了很多年。我给这个问题一点个人化的说法,因为我觉得那样更有用,因为那是我在自己身体里想明白的。

我知道我想当作家,但我怎么也想不清楚自己到底该写什么。我离开大学,试了新闻业,因为我得谋生,得养活自己,可我并不喜欢它,它不适合我。你写一篇稿子,一周之后就被忘光了,没人再看。而我是个在大学里读古希腊语和拉丁语的人,我想的是几千年,不是三天或者一周。我希望我写的东西在三千零四年还有人读。抱歉,所以那不合适。我辞了职。

我背着包在欧洲四处晃,想写小说。我在伦敦住过,在巴黎住过,在爱尔兰住过,在希腊住过,你说得出的地方我都待过,还在西班牙教英语,一直想写出一部小说。我没有纪律,我做不到,写不出来。然后我开始有点抑郁了。

后来我父亲身体不好,我决定搬回洛杉矶。嘿,我要在好莱坞找份工作,那多好啊,我能赚一大笔钱,还能写东西。多光鲜,多性感,电影明星、小明星们会来敲我的门。结果是糟糕透顶的错配,因为我是个控制狂,我不喜欢别人进来把我写的每句话都改掉,我不喜欢迎合,不喜欢妥协。抱歉,这是我身上不好的地方。可我不愿意把自己的标准降到他们要求的那个水平上。完全不合适。

然后机会来了。我在意大利遇到了刚才提到的那个人,约斯特。他问我有没有什么写书的点子,我就即兴编出了《权力的48条法则》。

我这个啰嗦故事的要点是:我已经花了大约十八年在积累高水平的写作技能。在新闻业,我学会了在截稿压力下写作,学会了怎么让文字有戏剧性,怎么让开头那句话足够刺激,让你愿意一路读下去。试着写小说,教会了我怎么构建故事,那在我的写作里占极大的比重。在好莱坞工作,让我学会了怎么做研究,那是另一个巨大的成分,还有那种戏剧性的处理,把事情做得有张力,也是故事。所有这些时间,一点一点,一砖一瓦,我积累起了真正的技能水平。所以轮到要写《权力的48条法则》的时候,我做得出来。我已经学会了全部的纪律,学会了在截稿日下写作,学会了怎么让东西好看好读,整套家伙什都齐了。于是世界向我打开了。

在那之前我很惨,真的很惨。我也有过好时光,人年轻的时候总归是快乐的,但很多时候我是痛苦的,而且我不知道为什么。可我一直在积累技能,甚至没有意识到。

我之所以写那句话,是因为当你认真去打磨一门技能的时候,我对写作是极其认真的,你会改变你的大脑,你在给自己的大脑重新布线。这是人类大脑一项了不起的能力,人们没有意识到,我在新书里也写到了。有位研究者,我记得姓施瓦茨(Schwartz),是加州大学洛杉矶分校的神经科学家。他想帮助强迫症患者,通常的手段是药物加谈话治疗,他想找更有效的办法。他发现,通过他设计的一些可以用在日常生活里的策略,患者能够克服这个障碍。重点不在策略本身是什么,重点在于他做了脑部扫描:经过那些练习,扫描显示他们的大脑被改变了。他的论点是,通过思考,通过发展技能,你真的在改变物质,你在改变你的大脑。像思想这样非物质的东西,可以改变像大脑接线这样的物质性的东西。你学技能,你就在改变你的大脑,改变你大脑的物质构成,原本没有连在一起的东西连上了。

慢慢地,如果你做得足够认真,一个临界点会到来,就像它在我生命里到来那样:要么你会开创一份事业,要么有人来找你做点什么,比如写一本书、拍一部电影,然后世界就向你敞开了,而你做得出来。因为你已经把地基打好了,土已经翻好了,一切都在那儿,土壤很肥沃,现在一样伟大的、了不起的东西会从里面长出来。

当你没有才能、没有技能的时候,人生就是一连串没完没了的困惑。你撞上这条路,走到这儿,然后又是别的什么,走到那儿,再走到那儿,最后你绕成一个圈,根本不知道自己在哪儿。有了技能,你就知道往哪儿走了。

主持人: 有意思的是,积累技能的那段时期,有点像待在战壕里。没有人许诺你荣耀,你甚至不知道这到底行不行得通,不知道值不值得。而且你当时并没有那个上下文:新闻业加上小说加上好莱坞加上人际能力加上在意大利遇到的那个人,等等等等。只有回过头看,你才能把这整条弧线拼起来。我觉得这也是为什么,对你此刻身处的境况是好是坏暂缓判断,大概是个相当明智的做法,因为你根本不知道拐角后面有什么,而你一直在为那个你都不知道它存在的东西做准备。

格林: 是的,但这里面是有参数的,并不是说在当下完全是一团迷雾。回到我对哲学不满的地方:我们太执着于可理性化的东西,可以变成数字的东西,可量化的数据,大数据,人工智能等等。可人的意识比那要微妙得多,要精细得多,没有任何数字能真正逼近人类意识的能力。我们有时候在当下就是会对某些事情有一种直觉。

所以,也许回头看的时候我是在编造一个当年并不存在的故事。但同时,我当年确实有一种「知道未来」的感觉,我确实隐约知道这件事会发生,我有一种宿命感,它一直都在。这很怪。我知道这听上去很玄,很抱歉,但它非常真实。我研究过成千上万个成功的、著名的人物,他们中很多人报告过同样的东西。有时候你自己意识不到,但你的身体和你的大脑对未来、对自己要去哪儿是有感应的,只是你并不完全自觉。

我知道我想当作家。那些不知道自己想当作家、不知道自己想做工程的人,就永远做不出我当年做出的那些小连接。而怀着「我想当作家」「我想拍电影」「我想做某一类生意」这种意识,如果你对技术感兴趣,它会在你脑子里建立一个框架,那个框架会改变你做决定的方式。你并不完全自觉,但人生并不是所有事情都发生在自觉层面,很多东西在水面以下运转。这就是我正在写的这一章,关于崇高的那本书里的内容:你身体里有某种东西在把你推向某些方向。它把你推向了播客。我不了解你的人生,不知道你在那之前的经历,但有什么东西一寸一寸把你挪到了那里。那是什么?把它弄明白是件有意思的事。我想说的是:一切并不只是混沌和随机。

别做愤世嫉俗者

主持人: 说得真好,我也同意。你还说过:不要做那个愤世嫉俗的人。能够表达惊奇和赞叹,并且让人觉得你是真心的,这是一种稀有的、正在消亡的才能,但它仍然极其宝贵。

格林: 我可以回想自己的童年,我在洛杉矶长大,想象力非常活跃。这一点我并不特殊,大多数孩子都是这样。但我总在发明游戏,我爱发明体育类的游戏,掷骰子的游戏,你会造出一整个世界。我发明战争游戏,各种各样的东西,我的想象力一直在运转。我出门散步的时候,也在看,在想这个世界,脑子里跑着各种各样的幻想,我梦想着未来。我是天真的,就像孩子本该天真那样。而在那种天真里,我对世界敞开着,我在按世界本来的样子经历它。

因为现实是,我们出生在一个非常非常奇怪、神秘、令人惊叹的世界里,这正是我这本书的主题。你把一切都当成理所当然,你没有意识到,你能作为克里斯·威廉森活着,这件事的概率之低是天文数字级别的;你能置身在这么多技术当中,而两万年前的人类是什么处境,这件事你根本无从想象。小时候你会问这些问题。爱因斯坦说过同样的话,他说天才就是能够不断发问,能够保持那个孩子的状态,能够对事情持续保持好奇。

所以,你惊奇的能力、发问的能力、不觉得自己已经知道所有答案的能力,不只是一件美好的事,也不只是让你更聪明,它还让你更幸福。愤世嫉俗的人是从「我全都知道」这个位置出发的:这世界就是烂透了,每个人都在追逐权力。人们指责我这么说,但那不是真的。每个人都别有用心,一切都不过是那点东西。「罗伯特,你其实根本不关心别人,你关心的是赚钱。」愤世嫉俗把一切都压扁到这一个层面上,这跟现实没关系,因为现实比那要丰富得多、怪异得多、神秘得多。所以当你愤世嫉俗的时候,你错过了生活的美。

而且人们也不喜欢跟愤世嫉俗的人待在一起。回到你的问题:宫廷里的那个愤世嫉俗者,人们也许喜欢一点点讥讽,这我不否认,但人们想要感受到那种天真,想要感到兴奋,想要感到热情。如果你是个扫兴的人,什么事到你这儿都是「哦,这背后其实是怎么回事,其实根本不是」,人们会笑你的笑话,但最终他们会把你推到一边,因为他们不想听这种东西。

主持人: 游戏和热情。

格林: 游戏和热情。我们又绕回游戏了。

愚蠢比邪恶更危险

主持人: 我很喜欢你另一条推文:最蠢的人总是那些认为自己握有正确答案的人。

格林: 回到我对古代世界的研究,那是构成我的主要部分。有一个观念一直让我兴奋:古希腊人认为,这世上由愚蠢无能之人造成的伤害,比由邪恶之人造成的更多。希腊语里有个词叫 phronesis,那是一种智慧,用你节目的名字来说,它是一种实践智慧:把事情办成的能力,在人生里导航的能力,在人群里周旋的能力,保持平衡把事做成的能力。

那么,是什么让人变蠢?我们这世上现在有很多蠢人。蠢人一直都有,而因为地球上的人口是指数级增长的,地球上的蠢人也就更多了。是什么让人变蠢?抱歉,我就直说了:是他们的确定感,是他们觉得自己握有全部答案。「我们政府现在就是这么回事」「这个那个就是错在这儿」「人就该是这样这样」。你把自己的视野收窄到一根细细的轨道上,而那还是你从别人那里听来的东西,那甚至不是你自己的蠢念头,是你在网上或者哪儿吸收来的。你就在这条单轨上一路狂奔,与此同时,世界在你四周展开,而你只是嗖地这么冲过去,因为你太确定自己有答案了。

回到希腊人那件事:当你有这样的领导人,他们如此确定,以至于把一个国家拖进一场根本没有想清楚的战争。古代文化里的范式是伯罗奔尼撒战争,雅典和斯巴达之间的那场战争,最终终结了雅典的民主和它的黄金时代。修昔底德,有史以来最伟大的作家之一,活在那个时代,写下了《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》。他说的是:那些领导人以为,哦,这太容易了,想想我们拿下西西里之后会有多少好处,整个世界都会怎样怎样,斯巴达会被摧毁。那根本没有想透,他们对答案太确定了,以至于没有考虑边界条件,没有真正在大战略的层面上思考。

所以,对事情很确定的人是非常愚蠢的,而当他们手里有权力,他们就非常非常危险。我不是说邪恶的人不危险,但那些无能的、愚蠢的、如此确定又从没把事情想透的人,跟邪恶的人一样危险。

主持人: 而且蠢人大概比恶人多得多。

格林: 大概是的,是的。

主持人: 有意思的是,「总是愤世嫉俗的人」和「总是认为自己有正确答案的人」,这两个集合的交集特别值得琢磨。它们是连着的。

格林: 完全重合,没错。

消极感受力

格林: 两百年前,正好两百年前,你们国家的一位先生,诗人约翰·济慈,提出了一个概念叫「消极感受力」(negative capability)。他想回答的问题是:为什么莎士比亚,你们的另一位同胞,为什么莎士比亚这么了不起?因为他的人物如此逼真,他把他们写成了真实的人。他们不是纸片人。莎士比亚能够想到一个人,同时在心里容纳关于这个人的两件事:他可以是邪恶的,但内部同时有一缕良善。他们是复杂的,人本来就是复杂的。

消极感受力是创造力的本质。它意味着你能同时在脑子里装下两个念头,两个看上去互相矛盾的念头,你能容纳它们,而不急着去抓住其中任何一个,不立刻做出判断。你有能力处理模糊,你能够说:生活既不是这样也不是那样,它同时是两者。那才是创造力,那才是真正的思考。关于「活的观念」和「死的观念」,我可以讲很久,但这就是活生生的思考。

主持人: 我一直在玩一个其实是同一件事、只是换了个傻气说法的概念,我管它叫「认知叠加态」。

格林: 就像物理里那样。

主持人: 对,物理里的叠加态,然后当你做决定的时候,叠加态就坍缩了。我尽可能多地试着用叠加态思考。

格林: 有一本挺不错的书就是写这个的,不完美,但相当好,叫《可能性原理》(The Possibility Principle),你可以查一下。他试着把物理学里的这类观念应用到日常生活和心理学上,很有意思,值得一看。

权力是纯粹的心理学

主持人: 有太多东西取决于声誉。声誉是权力的基石,仅凭声誉你就能震慑对手、不战而胜。可一旦它滑落,你就毫无防护,会遭到四面八方的攻击。永远不要让别人来替你定义它。

格林: 我写《权力的48条法则》的时候,是这样想的:我这辈子一直喜欢玩游戏。我不是在抽象意义上说,我是真的喜欢下棋、双陆棋、体育、扑克,什么都玩。我喜欢游戏的那种干净:你做这个,你就能赢。但里面同时有心理的成分,尤其是玩扑克的时候,你在诈唬。这一点一直让我着迷:这是一个运气的游戏,你并不知道自己会拿到什么牌,可是坐在那边的那个家伙,他之前就在诈唬,我敢肯定他刚才就是在诈唬,他还会再来一次。于是心理学进入了一个碰运气的游戏。当然也有技术的成分,但很大一部分是运气。而因为他之前诈唬过,而且他眼睛里有那种神色,也可能是位女士,我不想以偏概全,好吧,我弃牌。

人们没有意识到,权力这场游戏里有很大一部分跟数据无关,跟你在某件事上是不是更强也无关,其中很大一部分是纯粹的心理,是震慑对手,是在你还没进入战斗之前就赢下来。所以如果你有声誉,你就随身带着它,而这个声誉并不一定要属实。就说我自己,我不知道这有多站得住脚,但我现在有了一个「马基雅维利式人物」的声誉。于是如果罗伯特开会迟到五分钟,那意味着他在玩某种把戏,虽然大概率只是堵车而已。我的声誉让人们稍微往后仰了一点,虽然那未必是我的真实样子,但它走在我前面。

主持人: 它先于你抵达。

格林: 对,所以那是一种额外的权力。从具体事例拔出来讲,那个笼罩性的观念是:权力是纯粹的心理学。我的意思是,一家公司的首席执行官,他坐上那个位置靠的不是棒球那样的东西。你们那边是足球,抱歉,你大概都不知道我在说什么。

主持人: 我可是德州游骑兵队的球迷,让你知道一下。

格林: 哦,好吧,那行。总之,它不像棒球,你打击率不错,或者攻击指数不错,好,你就能进首发阵容,他们就会把你排在第四棒。人生不是那样的。一个人怎么爬到首席执行官的位置,我知道是怎么回事,因为我做过一家上市公司的董事:那跟指标无关,跟他们实际做成过什么无关,那是关于心理学的。人们爬上权力的位置,是因为他们懂得怎么玩这场游戏,而游戏是心理学的:他们懂得怎么呈现自己,怎么处理观感,怎么震慑别人,怎么少说话,他们懂得所有那些心理上的小手腕。这就是我写《权力的48条法则》的原因。这有点像是在说:这是人生的游戏,权力的游戏,规则有点模糊,但玩法是这样的,你靠掌握这些细小的心理零件来玩。其中一件就是你的声誉。

信誉没有退货政策

主持人: 考虑到我现在做的事,我对声誉和信誉特别着迷。不过在我的上一段人生里,我是个夜店推广人。

格林: 你是什么?

主持人: 夜店推广人,我做夜店做了很久。

格林: 推广人?我们这儿管那个叫什么?

主持人: 在英国也是叫推广人,本质上就是夜店的市场营销。那种站在门口拿着宾客名单和 VIP 手环、记着所有漂亮女孩名字的人。后来我们手下有一帮人做这个,再后来又有一帮人管着这帮人,你就慢慢搭起一家公司来。

在这个行当里我意识到,你去过的每一家夜店其实都是同一件事:一群人在一个房间里就着音乐喝醉。它永远不会是别的什么。你可以把这家装成粉色的,在门口发充气火烈鸟;那家很便宜;这家在周三,还带点「周三不该出门」的顽皮感。你想怎么包装都行,本质就是一群人在一个房间里就着音乐喝醉,永远只会是这个。

而我从中明白的,是声誉的力量。这不是一个人的声誉,是一个品牌的声誉。但如果你的公司以「永远办得出好派对」著称,你就能从中获益。

格林: 当你有了「能办好派对」的声誉,来的人就更多,人越多,就越好。

主持人: 完全正确。所以这里有个很重要也很奇怪的点:永远不要让别人替你定义它。当你脆弱的时候,你会遭到四面八方的攻击。因为在上升的时候,它先于你抵达,它会替你持续做功,指数级地越滚越大。可当你开始往下走的时候,哪怕你最好的作品也会被贬低成比它实际更差的东西。你做出了一件好东西,但因为你的声誉,你是骗子,你是假货,你是投机分子,你是托儿。

格林: 没错。

主持人: 信誉是你唯一绝对不该出售的东西,因为你买不回来。你的信誉没有退货政策。

格林: 而且,回到「愚蠢」这个词,这算是个主题了:人们年轻的时候在社交媒体上发东西,根本没意识到五年后他们要去律所找工作。当然,他们在 Instagram 上做的那些荒唐事,那也是他们声誉的一部分。你做的每件事都要经过社会这面镜子反射出来,没有什么是孤立存在的,人们在持续不断地评判你。所以你必须有这个意识,你必须在发之前想一想,想想别人会怎么理解。如果我因为管不住自己的舌头,脱口而出某句愚蠢无礼的话,它会毁掉我的一切。一步错棋就会毁掉你的声誉。

主持人: 有个英国议员最近就吃了2009年一条推文的亏,那条推文又绕回来了。

格林: 我好像读到过这个。类似「马上把这些爱沙尼亚蠢货从我家里弄出去」?

主持人: 对。

格林: 我不是要拿这事开玩笑,这很糟糕,爱沙尼亚人非常聪明。「马上把这些爱沙尼亚蠢货从我家里弄出去。」然后她不得不做了一整轮道歉。不过话说回来,推特是什么时候开始的?大概2008年?那已经很早了。那相当于大爆炸,相当于推特的宇宙微波背景辐射。

主持人: 我真的觉得声誉这一点怎么强调都不为过。在这个行业里我也见到了,无论是作者、播客主还是 YouTube 创作者,有些人用声誉和信誉换了钱,或者做了些说不通的短期交易,最后以这样那样的方式没能收场,他们试着把信誉套现了。

格林: 举个例子,比如去 Spotify……

主持人: 不不,不是那个。不点名。

格林: 好,不是那个。

主持人: 有意思的恰恰是,乔·罗根转投 Spotify 这件事,反而让他得到了相当多的信誉。这里有个有趣的地方:如果换成一个分量和格调都不够的平台,结果就不一样。平台自身也有声誉,于是两者相乘,而不是相减。

格林: 当然了。拿到耐克的赞助是很酷的,恭喜你,那不叫出卖自己。但如果你接了一个所有人都觉得很掉价的品牌,那就是出卖自己,你显然只是为了钱。

主持人: 还有一大批人担任过政治职位,或者随风摇摆,风往这边吹就往这边倒,风往那边吹就往那边倒。有意思的是,即便他们因此赚了一大笔钱,即便这在某个维度上确实占到了便宜,我其实认为,如果给他们机会,他们愿意把这一切连本带利地退回去,只求换回自己的声誉。我觉得他们愿意付出一切回到那个「酷孩子俱乐部」里去。而信誉是没有退货政策的。

声誉必须一致

格林: 关于声誉和信誉还有一点:它必须是一致的。它就像一个品牌,你以某种东西著称,你以强悍著称,以自信著称,以马基雅维利气质著称,或者以搞笑、轻松著称,它有某种形状。如果你东一榔头西一棒子,你的声誉一会儿是这个一会儿是那个,那就显得软弱。因为我们想要,人们是根据外观来判断的,他们不是根据你到底是谁来判断的。他们不知道我是谁,也不知道你是谁,他们根据看到的东西、根据我们呈现出来的样子来判断。他们想要抓住某种一致的东西,他们想说一句简单的话:那家伙很好笑,他就是这样的人。他们要的是一个非常简单的公式。

如果你做不到一致,如果你满地乱跑,如果你不停改变你的想法,一会儿保守一会儿自由,只是为了随着每一阵风调整帆向去捞权力,你确实能捞到一点权力,但那会让你显得很滑头,让你显得不可信,人们不喜欢那样。你的声誉会变成「这个人没有灵魂,没有内核」。所以声誉也必须有一致性,有一个内核,有一个把它全部绑在一起的灵魂。

主持人: 尤其是当这看上去是出于某种刻意算计的时候。我觉得人们其实并不介意别人改变想法,只要你把过程摊开给我看,跟我解释你是怎么从那个立场走到这个立场的,别超出我们每个人都有的那个容忍度,别一下子跳太远。我原来支持这个,现在反对那个,这种。

我确实经常想到声誉的价值。从另一个角度看,「永远不要让别人替你定义它」,意思是:一旦你让那种真空渗进来,你就失去了对自己声誉的掌控权,别人就可以来给你减分。反过来,如果你是个非常马基雅维利的人,那就去戳穿敌人声誉上的洞,你就能毁掉他们。

格林: 把跟他声誉不一致的东西翻出来,你就能把他毁掉。就像戳破一个气球,砰的一下就没了。我在那一章里写了巴纳姆(P. T. Barnum)怎么玩这套把戏去毁掉别人的声誉,让人们开始怀疑:他真的是那样的人吗?看来不是,因为我刚看到一个跟这相反的事实。所以我这是在给外面的人一些非常邪恶的马基雅维利式建议:如果你有敌人的话。

主持人: 说到最狠的一招。我不是个刻薄的人,我不喜欢刻薄,这是真的。但我在夜店门口站了上千个夜晚,面对的是喝醉的人,所以你得有几套防御机制。你会发现,尤其是人喝了酒之后,人只会落进很少的几个类型里,行为通常相当可预测。

我们摸索出一个可以照着念的剧本,用来对付那些嘴上开始不干净的人。记住,我们两边站着高大的英国壮汉。

格林: 你有门卫围在身边。

主持人: 不是我,我是那个穿紧身牛仔裤、拿着写字板的家伙,我两边站着一米九八、戴着皮手套的兄弟,负责查证件之类的。有一招特别管用,特别刻薄,但效果好得出奇:如果有人被请出去了,或者没被放进去,或者出了什么事,我们总是会说:「兄弟,不好意思,你得离我远点,你口气太臭了。」这句话完全无法证伪,除非有人过来闻一闻,否则他没法说「不,我没有」。你就能立刻看着这个人整个脸色褪下去。

格林: 所以口臭显然也是声誉的一部分,体味也是。

主持人: 任何气味都是。

格林: 太妙了,我要把这句记下来。真的很好用:「你口气太臭了,能不能给我留点空间。」

主持人: 屡试不爽,能把人瞬间拆开。

拥抱你的怪异

主持人: 你说,永远守住那些让你显得怪、奇、异、与众不同的东西,那是你力量的来源。这跟你另一句话意思相近:占据你的生态位,拥抱你的怪异,找出让你与众不同的东西,把它们熔在一起,成为一个异类。

格林: 在这个世界上,如果你是可替代的,你就会被替代。你二十几岁,在工作岗位上做着别人也能做的事,等你到了二十八岁,他们可以雇一个二十四岁的人,跟当初雇你的年纪一样,但便宜得多。他们会立刻这么干。这是个残酷的世界。你可替代,你就会被替代。

对此唯一的防御,就是在这世上成为不可替代的人。好消息是:在你的内核处,你本来就是不可替代的。你身上有某种奇怪的、古怪的东西。我又要提这个了,抱歉,这正是我现在为那本关于崇高的书写的一章。我在《掌控》里解释过这在生物学上从哪儿来:你的 DNA,你在出生那一刻就被标记成一个独一无二的个体,你染色体里那些变异的组合,在数学上不可能被复制。是的,这些差异是边际性的,你我之间的不同并不大,但正是那些细小的差异,决定了我喜欢这一种嘻哈,而你喜欢另一种嘻哈。它造就你的倾向,造就你的品味。

所以人生这场游戏,说到底是要知道你的独特性,知道你是谁,知道什么让你古怪、什么让你奇特。麻烦在于我们是社会性动物,压力持续不断地压在我们身上,要我们融进某个群体,要我们跟别人一样,采纳他们的观念、他们的价值、他们的品味,穿得跟他们一样。这在你年轻的时候、青春期的时候会发生,我们都经历过那个阶段,我也经历过。但如果你到了二十几岁还一直待在这条轨道上,而这正是今天通过社交媒体大规模发生的事,你就会丢掉那种「什么让我古怪、什么让我不同」的感觉。

我把它比作一个声音。你很小的时候,你里面那个小小的声音在说:罗伯特,你该当作家。克里斯,你该去干什么什么。我不知道那是什么,但它在告诉你一些事。随着年纪变大,你听不见它了,因为你听见的是别的声音:你父母的、老师的、周围文化的、同辈的、朋友的,告诉你什么是酷的、什么是不酷的。那个小小的声音被彻底淹没了。于是你不再知道自己是谁。

而人们,尤其是今天的年轻人,也许一直都是这样,是那么害怕与众不同,那么害怕显得古怪。可你看看这世上所有有力量的人,看看埃隆·马斯克,看看娱乐圈、商界、政界的那些人物,他们是独一份的。他们有,我讨厌这个词,但确实像是一个品牌,他们不一样,他们因为某种真正不同的东西而醒目。哪怕是爱因斯坦,世上没有第二个爱因斯坦,没有第二个达·芬奇。你的力量就在那里。

你会说:可是罗伯特,那些人是天才,是有才华的人,我不是那样的,我没有那种东西。可你他妈就是有,只是你把它忘了,而且你不愿意为它下功夫。我在《掌控》里写过一个叫坦普尔·葛兰汀(Temple Grandin)的女性,她生来就有严重的自闭症。她后来成了一位非常出色的教授、学者和作家,写动物行为,也写自闭症本身。她自己找到了那条路,而在她三四岁的时候,她连一句话都说不出来,差点要被送进医院。

你有那个潜力,只是你不肯下功夫,你懒,你想融进群体,你想随大流,因为那容易。但你的古怪,你身上那些怪异的、不同的东西,你想怎么穿衣服的那点小怪癖,你音乐品味里的那点小怪癖,你爱吃什么食物的那点小怪癖,那才是你。那些是从深处、从你的内核、从你灵魂那里发出来的信号,告诉你:这就是你。如果你把它弄丢了,你不但不会在人生里成功,你还会把自己弄丢。你会不快乐,你会跟你自己疏离。

年轻的时候你还能蒙混过去,因为你快乐,你好看,你有精力,事情都顺。等你到了三十几岁,你跟所有人一样,你不知道自己是谁,你不知道自己还喜欢什么,你只是在跟着潮流走,然后你开始抑郁,你开始往下掉进这个洞里,事情会变得很难看。

所以人生需要一点勇气。你得说:好,我很怪,我很奇怪,我就顺着它来。

我刚写完《权力的48条法则》,还没出版的时候,那是一本长得很怪的书,它反映的是我自己的怪异:页边上有东西,有故事,全都是碎开的,图片和引语东一处西一处。那就是我的大脑的样子,一锅大杂烩,说实话相当乱。出版社把书买下来了,然后回过头来跟我们说:罗伯特,你能不能让它更像别的书一点?你能不能把那些边栏什么的都去掉?我说:不能。要么这样要么算了,这本书就是这样,它就是怪,就是奇怪。他们不喜欢,因为如果它跟他们以前成功的那些书都不一样,那风险就太大了。如果这部电影跟去年拍的那些电影不一样,谁知道会怎样,我们还是去看那些吧。人们是非常保守的。可正因为它古怪,它才醒目,它才成功了。如果我当时屈服了,妥协了,把它改得更像别的书,我今天就不会坐在这儿跟你说话。所以有时候你需要一点执拗,需要一点勇气,需要站起来说:我可以不一样。

主持人: 有意思的是,很多人,也许大多数人,都想在某方面变得非凡,但同时又不想以一种可能被嘲笑的方式显得突出。可后者正是前者的代价。你不能做所有人都在做的事,然后指望得到别人得不到的结果。

我常想到一个说法:回归到一个并不存在的均值。每个人都有自己的怪癖和不寻常,而我们都在想象一个古怪的「第五十百分位」的化身,一个最能被接受的样子。可是想想我们为什么爱我们爱的那些人,我们不是因为他们有多平均而爱他们。从来没有人说过:你知道我爱她什么吗?我就是着迷于她所有的观点都那么容易猜到。没有人这么说过。我们爱一个人,爱的是他们的怪癖。我有个朋友乔治提出过一个说法,叫「不可替代的人」,像非同质化代币那样,不可替代,世上没有第二个他。

你想想你和你最喜欢的人之间最喜欢的回忆,那些回忆从来不是来自可替代的部分,而是来自这些:他就是痴迷足球,电视上有球赛的时候你跟他说话他头都不带转的;或者他恨透了暴力;或者他爱狗,任何一只狗走进房间,他人就没了,整个魂被勾走了。那才是我们爱一个人的理由。

我最喜欢的历史上的怪人是萨尔瓦多·达利。我想再往前推一步:你刚才说,完全接受自己是谁,既有利可图,心理上也更健康。我甚至想说,这在某种程度上是我们对人类的责任,去拥抱那些只有你能做的事。

怪异是对文化的责任

格林: 在自然界,一个栖息地里物种的多样性让它充满生机、活力和可持续性,而这来自遗传密码的突变。某种昆虫发生了一个突变,于是一个全新的物种、一整条新的分支从那里岔了出去,多样性就产生了。人类文化在某种意义上也是一个栖息地。你的遗传密码把你标记为独一无二的。昆虫其实没有个体性,我们有个体性,而个体性就相当于突变。所以你的突变、你的不同、你之所以是克里斯,是有目的的。你被那样标记,是因为当你开采自己的独特性、自己的怪异、自己那些奇奇怪怪的小趣味的时候,你会给这个文化贡献出某种新东西。而贡献新东西,就是在丰富它,让它一圈一圈地转下去。

过去那些枯死在藤上的文化,都是缺乏多样性的。你看苏联,看它最腐朽的时候,看它最糟糕的阶段,七八十年代,没有变化,没有多样性。早年间它有各种各样奇怪的声音,但那些人最后被关起来、被杀掉了。一个文化必须有多样性,必须有声音的多元,就像基因库,就像免疫系统。所以你的古怪就是在为此做贡献,你在为这个文化做贡献。而不这么做,你就什么也没贡献,那是对大自然给你的东西的巨大浪费。

主持人: 我又想到达利。我花了不少时间研究他。我觉得,尽管他们都很了不起,可米开朗琪罗没做达利做的事,达·芬奇也没做达利做的事。说到达·芬奇,有一封很有名的求职信,我记得是写给米兰统治者的,达·芬奇在信里列举了自己会做的各种事情:我能造战争机器,能造投石机,等等等等。而在最后一段,他写了这么一句:另外,我也会画画。

我常常想,我身上那个「另外,我也会画画」是什么?我看不到的那个东西是什么?我的朋友们真正看重我的是什么?

刚才提到的那个朋友乔治就是个完美的例子。过去一年我对自己有了一些认识,我发现自己在某种程度上是个讨好型人格。圣诞节我们开车去吃饭的路上,我跟他抱怨这件事,还举了一件我跟他之间的事,就是我过分小心,怕自己做了什么会惹他不高兴、踩到他的界限。他说:我先打断你一下,我意识到在你那里,你已经把这件事框成了「讨好型人格」,框成某种恶性的、你想摆脱的东西。可是在我这里,那是你把我放在前面考虑,而那恰恰是我作为朋友爱你的理由之一。所以你给自己的某些方面贴标签、做出不必要的价值判断的时候,要非常小心。

换一个视角这件事,真的让我愣住了。我本来一直在想:我对所有这些事都太随和了,我讨厌让人失望,我总觉得别人的情绪状态是我的责任,等等等等。结果我跟朋友一说,他说:对啊,这就是我爱你的原因。挺有意思的。

把天性变成武器

格林: 能对某件事有一点控制力是好的,所以在某些场合,能够不那么讨好是有用的。我也是个讨好型的人,这是我的天性,所以我理解。有时候你会感觉到它来的地方不对。

主持人: 没错,你不是选择去做,而是被天性逼着去做。

格林: 而且里面掺着一点恐惧:怕让人不高兴,怕被拒绝,怕与众不同。这大概能追溯到童年和父母那里,我们的家庭动力大概挺像的。

但你刚才说的那点非常好,我完全同意,我在《人性的法则》里也写过:你身上有这样一种特质,你其实没法真正控制它,那就是你,它要么是基因里的,要么来自你跟母亲或父亲最初那两年。那就让它为你所用,找到它成为力量的方式,把它看成一种力量,用它,别再犹豫,把它用出权力来,别为它那么纠结。全看你怎么看。你成为讨好型人格是有原因的,如果你不是讨好型的人,你就不会在做播客。

主持人: 我根本不会答应做播客的。

格林: 你只是在某些时刻希望自己能控制它。

主持人: 有点像我们开始录之前聊的那个「别人家的草更绿」:你会假设你没有的那个东西比你拥有的更有价值,或者只要你有了它,一切就都能解决。可是它还会捎带来什么呢?如果你摆脱了自己的讨好型人格,那些随之附着在「不讨好」上的寄生虫是什么?你确定吗?你真的确定那是你想要的东西吗?

格林: 正是。归根到底就是了解你自己,了解什么让你不同,了解哪些东西是你真的改不了的。我想当作家,或者老虎伍兹两岁就想当高尔夫球手,这里面大概有某种遗传成分,也许还有早期的亲子联结,但很可能是有遗传成分的。你控制不了,那就是你。也许「你控制不了」恰恰是件好事,也许它在那儿是有理由的,也许你想做别的,反而根本行不通。我知道自己想当作家,而不是像我父母希望的那样去做生意人或者律师,说实话,这大概救了我的命。所以知道什么让你与众不同,会引导你绕过人生中那些危险的关口,绕开那种因为社会压力而想要改变自己的冲动。

主持人: 绕开回归到那个想象中的均值。

童年的缺点,成年的超能力

主持人: 我身上有两样东西,我觉得要么是基因决定的,要么至少是嵌得非常深的。

第一,我一直喜欢说话和提问。小时候我总在学校里惹麻烦,因为很不幸,我的嗓门似乎比别人传得更远。所以就算真正调皮的孩子在干真正调皮的事,比如拿圆规戳别人,被听见的那个也是我,哪怕我并没有那么不守规矩,被听见的总是我。「你太多嘴了」,「小孩子应该被看见而不是被听见」,「别问那么多问题」,这类话我听得多了。

第二样是独处。我是独生子,我花了大量时间一个人在房间里听有声书,一个人玩玩具,把球扔到墙上,看能不能再从另一面墙上踢回来然后接住,一小时一小时又一小时。我没有别人可以一起玩。

你会想:天哪,小时候因为某些事被惩罚,或者小时候觉得是恶性的那些东西,长大后往往会因为同样的东西得到奖赏,只要你能找到办法把它们点化过来。所以我相信你能坐下来读书、能去小木屋、能在房间里写作,别人进来又出去你都没察觉,这种能力也是这么来的。你小时候可能为自己的孤独而哀叹,或者把它看成一种弱点,可成年之后它是一项超能力,只要你找到疏导它的方式。提问也一样,听有声书也一样。有声书在2024年的互联网版本是什么?是播客,就是我现在在做的事。

格林: 是的,是的。这归根到底就是意识到自己是谁、什么让自己不同,并且对此感到自在。你会有一些不自在的时刻,你想随大流,想跟别人一样,你经历过,我也经历过,尤其在青春期,一路到二十几岁,你会因为觉得某些东西酷而做出一些改变。但你会回来,你总会回来,回到独处,回到用某种隐喻意义上的方式把球扔向墙壁。

主持人: 不不不,我说的不是隐喻。我是认真的:我现在在两段工作之间放松的方式,就是拿一个网球往墙上扔。这是最离奇的事。

格林: 我也一模一样。因为我是美国人,我扔的是棒球。我有个球,我往车库门上扔,戴着手套玩各种各样的游戏,我会接住它,还会模仿观众为我欢呼,「这是本垒打」「这是……」。要是今天还能这么干,我还会这么干。所以我懂。你回到这些东西,是因为它们在你身上扎得太深了。

主持人: 你控制不了。

格林: 它们给你慰藉,给你安宁,它们就是你。所以最后归结为:你是回到这些东西,还是因为别人的压力而改变自己?为什么有些人是这样,有些人不是?这是个价值百万美元的问题。

主持人: 逆流游还是顺流游,是跟你的天性对着干还是顺着它来。

格林: 对,并且试着找到让它为你所用的方式,而不是试着改掉它。

手里握着球最快乐

主持人: 这让我想到做《My First Million》的肖恩·普里,非常聪明的人。我记得我跟他第一次在 Zoom 上聊天的时候,他手里拿着一个黑色的小皮篮球。我们就那么聊着,他坐得离桌子稍微远一点,手里这样抛着球,在桌上滚来滚去,往空中抛一下。我们又不是在写什么东西,只是朋友之间随便聊天。我问他你在干嘛?他说:哦,我从小打篮球,手里握着球的时候我最快乐。

我当时想,我的天。现在我每次去公园,那儿有个网球,那个球接下来就归我了,我会一直在手里拍,聊完了再把它放回公园的网球公共池子里。

我给这个起了个名字,叫「怪异榜样」:某个人做了一件事,把你以为可以接受的行为的天花板给捅破了。你看到这个人做了这件事,你心想,天哪,也许我的桌子上也可以放个球,也许我可以在桌上放个网球或者板球,而这意味着我可以,因为我看到这个人这么干了。那是个怪人榜样,或者说怪异榜样。

格林: 是的,我觉得我们每个人生命里都需要这样的人,需要那些不一样的人。我记得高中时有位英语老师,他基本上改变了我人生的走向。他非常怪,非常不一样,他的思维方式不一样,他谈论写作和文学的方式非常古怪,别的学生都讨厌他,而我觉得他棒极了。所以你说他是个榜样,这很有意思。他只是个高中老师,对他来说那不是什么职业路径,但我能看出来,拥有那种特质是一种好品质,我被它吸引。

压力是燃料

主持人: 你说过:你是自己最大的敌人,你把宝贵的时间浪费在幻想未来上,而不是投入当下。因为在你看来没有什么是紧急的,你对手上的事情只投入了一半。

格林: 我喜欢从「人这种动物到底是什么」的角度来想这件事,从具体跳到元层面上去。作为人意味着什么?我们是极富创造力的物种,我们有语言,有意识,有巨大的能力。而这些能力,是在必需性的压力下发展出来的,是在不得不把事情办成、不得不在一个残酷无情的世界里活下去的压力下发展出来的:明天可能会蹿出来一只豹子把我吃掉,四面八方都是危险,食物是稀缺的。在那种压力下,我们不得不思考,不得不有创造力,不得不有发明精神,不得不有战略。人类的大脑是在巨大的压力下进化出来的。

大脑就是这么运作的。我喜欢用气压来打比方。当你在脑子里感受到那种气压:我必须把这事做完,否则我就完了,这个项目就黄了,人家会笑话我。这时候你会像魔鬼一样地干活,你的整个身体都在响应,血液开始流动,你在几天之内完成了平时要几个月的事情,因为你感觉到了那个压力。把压力拿掉,你就不知道该干什么了。我有三年时间呢,我可以做这个,也可以做那个。你就开始四处游荡,你迷失了,你没有能量,没有焦点。你可能在打游戏,可能在看色情片,在当下分散自己的注意力,但你的能量就这样往二十个方向耗散掉了。

所以你的大脑需要压力,它需要持续的压力。压力和紧张不是坏事。我们现在有一种观念,觉得压力是坏的,对你有害,你得放松,你得冷静,压力会要你的命。不,无聊才会要你的命。无事可做比压力危险得多。是的,你可以工作过度,可以做那种完全没有灵魂投入的工作。我现在像魔鬼一样干活,因为我在写一本书,这个过程对我来说非常艰难,我工作得太多了,可是老天,我爱它,它棒极了。它可能会要了我的命,这压力可能会让我中风,但我宁愿死在压力下,也不愿意无聊、无事可做。

感受到那个压力,会让你的眼睛睁开,会让你的大脑聚焦,会让你想活着,会让一切显得令人兴奋,因为你必须把事情做完。我正在写一本书,我可以花十二年去写它,但那样我不会感觉好,所以我给自己定截稿日。我给自己定的是7月31日写完这一章,今天是8月7日,我还没写完,但现在我在加倍努力,想按时补上。因为如果没有截稿日,我会拖到天荒地老,明天,明天,明天。

所以,给自己制造压力是件好事。我最近做过一场演讲,讲到了伟大的发明家托马斯·爱迪生。爱迪生年轻的时候,三十出头,他发明了留声机和一种新的电报,但还没有真正的重大发明。他已经建起了门洛帕克,他做研究的工业园区,我记得是1870年代。

他做了一件非常有趣、非常奇怪的事,我不知道他有多少是自觉的:他接受了一家报纸的采访,说我一直在研究白炽灯。在那之前有弧光灯,那种灯光很强,但太耗电,家里用不了。当时房子是用煤气灯照明的,煤气灯危险,会爆炸,而且美国那些垄断煤气的公司把价格抬得很高,是门非常腐败的生意。

于是他说:我在做白炽灯。记者说:有意思。他说:对,我快成了,我快搞定了。哇。他接着说:对,而且五年之内,我要用白炽灯、用电灯点亮整个纽约城。记者们疯了,他们把这篇报道发了出去,煤气公司的股价一路往下掉,钱一股脑涌进他的金库,因为一只灯泡的照明成本如此之低,利润空间简直疯狂。钱哗哗地流进来。

他回到门洛帕克,他开发想法的地方,他的雇员读了报道就说:爱迪生先生,你在想什么呢?我们只是刚刚捣鼓过白炽灯而已,我们离把它发明出来还差得远,离把它做出来还差得远,而点亮纽约这个念头,你到底在想什么?你嗑了什么?他说:先生们,我已经跟那家大报纸这么说了,我们最好开始干活了,我们最好让它成真。

那些涌进来的钱发生了什么?他现在可以雇人来做这件事了。而必须在五年内完成的压力,逼着他真的在五年内完成了。那是一项纪念碑式的坚持和纪律,但他有截稿日,他不想毁了自己的声誉,不想让公众失望,他必须在五年内做成,而他做成了。所以他用制造舆论的方式,给自己造出了压力。

主持人: 而且人们会期待它:什么时候能实现?实现了吗?你说过到现在应该已经做出来了。

格林: 对对对。

主持人: 纳瓦尔·拉维坎特讲过,他在硅谷最早工作的那家公司里,开始跟人说我要去做自己的创业公司。六个月后他还在那儿,所有人都说:我还以为你要去创业了呢。那就是把他推出门的那一脚。他受不了那种期待,不只是他给自己的,还有来自别人的。

所以我想,我们「在社会面前保持一致」的需求,在它压低你的独特性、你的怪癖、你的怪异的时候是有害的,但如果你能把它导流成推着你往前走的动力……

格林: 正是。

主持人: 这也是为什么我觉得自己当记者大概不会特别成功。尽管我现在一周做三期节目,这样做了四年,节目本身办了六年。这是因为我不想在别人面前显得丢脸,还因为我虽然相当内向,却非常容易被他人的在场点燃。所以做播客这件事,我从来没有缺席过,从来没有因为不正当的理由取消过。我不想在坐在我对面的这个人面前显得可笑。如果换成我和一张白纸,天哪,一周三次要写出一千字的新专栏,那种动力从哪里来?而对于那种喜欢自己写、自己想标题的人来说,反过来会觉得:又要跟一个人坐下来对谈、问问题,这不是我的路子。

所以能够利用社会规范把你拉到你想去的地方,理解自己的易错之处和不安全感,然后把它们像南极和北极的磁铁一样接上,让它拉着你往前走。

挑战要恰好高出一点

格林: 顺着你说的发挥一下:我一直喜欢挑战自己。我写的每本书都跟上一本不一样,我现在在写第八本。我的书要写好几年,没办法六个月出一本。每一本都跟前一本不同,而我是在冒险,因为我的读者期待罗伯特写战略和权力,结果他现在写掌控,写诱惑。

主持人: 诱惑。

格林: 现在他又写崇高,他到底怎么回事?这是个挑战,而挑战是好的,因为它让我的能量水平提上来。但如果我接的挑战太难了……这里有个高度的问题。我可以待在这个高度,再写一本《权力的48条法则》,那会很容易。我也可以跳到那个高度,写一本「怎么用十种什么东西建一座摩天大楼」,我永远写不出来,那挑战太大了。或者写「人类所有观念的历史」,那也是同一类。不,我要落在中间这个位置:它是挑战,它不是那种无聊的《权力的48条法则》第二部,也不是四千页的世界思想史,它就在这儿,比我现有的水平高出一点点,它能把我的能量调动起来,但不是不可能。这就是人生这场游戏。

主持人: 所以如果爱迪生说我要在五年里点亮全世界,那没门。纽约已经是相当……

格林: 或者「我要用五十年点亮纽约」。

主持人: 对,那大概更现实一些。

格林: 那是个挑战,是个相当大的挑战,但不是不可能的挑战。

第一次就全对,是一种诅咒

主持人: 你说,第一次尝试就一切顺利,是一种诅咒。

格林: 就是所谓的一曲歌手。在嘻哈圈里这是个真实存在的综合征,我跟五十美分聊过很多。你从贫民区出来,从来没见过什么钱,然后一夜之间你有了六位数、七位数,女人从四面八方涌向你,你有了这么多权力、关注和名气,你飘了,你开始天天开派对。然后你想:好吧,我最好再出一张专辑。可你现在变得保守了,因为你想让好运继续,而且你以为自己掌握了某个公式。结果第二张专辑远远不如第一张。

可如果第一张专辑没成,而你又足够聪明,它本可以教给你一堂关于音乐产业的宝贵的课。

五十美分的第一张专辑叫《Power of the Dollar》。我有一份他给我的盗版,那张专辑棒极了,现在网上基本上到处都能找到,真的非常出色。但就在要发行之前,他中了枪,制作方把专辑撤了,没有发行,哥伦比亚唱片把他解约了。太危险了,那是毒品圈的恩怨,他们不能让这个人去巡演,会有暴力事件。

他当时想的是:这次失败,如果换成一次大热,反而会让我飘起来。谁知道会发生什么。而他此刻等于回到了零点,其实比零点还糟:他一无所有,做了这么多工作,头上还悬着赏金,没有人敢靠近他。

他想弄明白这次失败的教训是什么。其实这不太算他的错,虽然某种意义上也算,因为他曾经贩过快克,这是一桩他没真正了结的旧恩怨。总之他想:教训是我不能依赖唱片公司,他们太保守,太谨慎。我是个活在刀尖上的人,我的音乐立足于我曾经是个快克贩子、我过着危险的生活、我是真货,我不是假装的黑帮,我是真的。那我该怎么办?我不出唱片,我做混音带,我在皇后区的街上卖,然后是布鲁克林,然后是曼哈顿,就是那些小带子、那些单曲,而且我要够狠。他放出来的第一首叫《去你的》,他在对所有怀疑过他的人说去你的,对想杀他的人说去你的,对唱片公司说去你的。原谅我的用词。

所以他从中学到了东西,他学会了不把成功当成理所当然,然后在这个基础上往上建。他不是一曲歌手。

有时候二十几岁就成功是能发生在你身上的最糟的事,因为你没有纪律,没有视角,你以为它会一直这样下去,你没有意识到外面有多少危险,你的人生经验还不足以让你明白事情会多快地翻脸。

如果我二十几岁就有机会写《权力的48条法则》并且成功了,那会毁了我。而且我很可能根本不会成功。为什么?因为我还没准备好。听我说,克里斯,我一直失败到差不多三十九岁、快四十岁,所以我有视角,我知道失败是什么滋味。所以当成功到来的时候,我不会觉得「哇,我是天底下最了不起的人,我可以靠这个吃一辈子,我下一本书肯定精彩绝伦」。不,我里面有个小声音说:罗伯特,你失败过那么多次,你很可能还会再失败一次。你在好莱坞见过那么多人,一开始红得发紫,最后砸得稀烂。我有足够的经验知道,我不能把这当成理所当然,我必须小心,必须有战略,必须在这个基础上往上建,不能让成功冲昏头脑。

而它确实没有冲昏我的头脑。我写《诱惑的艺术》的时候,非常担心那本书会失败,我几乎确定它会失败。我写过的每一本书我都是这种感觉,现在还是这样。这本新书,我确定它注定要失败,所以我最好把它写成有史以来最好的一本书。

如果你喝醉在自己的成功里……五十美分老说一句话:别嗑自己卖的货。你得让脚踩在地上,你得知道失败正在你脚边啃着。你下一期播客,克里斯,可能是你这辈子最糟糕的一期,你说错一句话,忽然之间一切开始塌方。这会让你保持在刀刃上,不把成功当成理所当然。

主持人: 回头看我们第一次对谈到第二次对谈之间那段时期,我觉得很庆幸。第一次大概是第78期,第二次大概是第350期左右。那段时间,如果你看播放量、关注者和收入的曲线,它是平的,两点之间完全是平的,只有一点点微微上扬。这就是任何指数曲线的宿命:你越往外拉,最开头的部分看起来就越寒碜。所有的增长都发生在最近这两年,其实是两年半。

我常讲一个故事:2018年,我们开播那一年,节目大概做了十期、二十期,第一年才过了一半,有那么些天播放量是零。我还在坚持每周更新,可是有那么些天,没有人,一个播放都没有。我妈每期都听,我还有些朋友,我还处在那种「你该听听我做的新东西」的愧疚模式里。结果是零次播放,一个都没有。我当时想,这太离谱了。

现在我很庆幸。每次我能在洛杉矶找到一个随便什么车库,心想:我们可以把这儿打上灯,弄得像电影院一样,像好莱坞电影一样,而且就在好莱坞,这多酷啊。这份感受之所以成立,是因为它对照着一个更小的起点。

有一部纪录片我很想让你看看,叫《我现在的感受》(How I'm Feeling Now),关于刘易斯·卡帕尔迪(Lewis Capaldi)。他是个苏格兰歌手,他的很多歌你一听就认得。片子基本上记录了他面对的这个难题。他是个苏格兰人,很不典型,一个微胖的年轻人,不是什么万人迷,还带着苏格兰口音,而且非常爱自嘲,这一点很讨喜,他就是以这种方式迷人。他十七岁写了那些歌,在苏格兰各地的工人酒吧里唱。然后被环球唱片签下,发了这张专辑,成绩一飞冲天,几十亿次的播放,世界体育场巡演,格拉斯顿伯里主舞台,一切一切。

然后他得做第二张。

格林: 第二张专辑的压力。

主持人: 他得再来一次。我觉得这是对「第一次就全对是一种诅咒」的一个有趣的翻转,因为我认为他是那种确实从「第一次就成了」里学到了正确教训的人:他知道不能把事情当成理所当然,知道那也许有运气成分,知道自己仍然需要努力,也就是失败本该教给你的那些东西。可他面对的是难以置信的压力,因为他已经把标杆立在了那儿,他是坐缆车上了珠峰顶,然后他想:那我还怎么超越自己?

格林: 是啊。

主持人: 这也是那句老话:你有一辈子的时间写第一本书,然后……你大概是两年,六年,来写第二本。第一本你有一口深井可以打,然后是:恭喜,现在再来一次。

格林: 再来一次。

主持人: 我真心觉得他会喜欢那部纪录片。

格林: 叫什么来着?

主持人: 《我现在的感受》,在 Netflix 上。

格林: 这里面很大一部分取决于你自己的智慧水平,取决于你有没有一点视角。所以有人二十几岁成功、并且能扛得住,这是可能的,但那多半是因为他们背后有某种家庭背景,有某种经验垫着。因为按天性,我们总以为自己比实际的样子更好,我们对自己的评价是……我大概也是这样,我以为自己在这个高度,有些人以为自己在那个高度。一旦你成功了,你就会以为自己有点石成金的本事。

对你伤害最大的往往是围在你身边的人,他们说:我的天,你是个天才,你太出色了。然后你想跟他们碰碰想法,他们说:太棒了,去做吧,往前冲。可你需要的是有人告诉你:这是狗屎,糟透了,你这个想法烂到家了。但现在你身边全是马屁精和应声虫,他们都在告诉你你有多伟大。你在很多名人身上都能看到这一点。

主持人: 我在想,宫廷里那个愤世嫉俗的角色,是不是某种程度上就是用来抵消这个的。

格林: 你是说宫廷弄臣?

主持人: 大概吧。我其实不确定「宫廷愤世者」是个通俗说法还是一个真实存在的职位,但我能想象那会很有用。我知道弄臣的作用是,他是唯一可以不受惩罚地嘲弄国王的人。但如果我是中世纪的国王,如果我是个高贵而聪明的国王,我会雇一个宫廷愤世者,他的职责就是只提出反对意见:哪怕整间屋子、整个枢密院都觉得这方案好极了,你也要告诉我它错在哪儿。

格林: 这些年我给商界人士做咨询,我扮演的就是这个角色。「把罗伯特叫来,他会告诉我们这是狗屎。」但他们不听我的,这才是最主要的教训。我跟人说:想想你的计划可能出错的所有地方,我们来推演一遍。这一环可能出问题,那一环可能出问题,公众可能这样反应,竞争对手可能已经预判到同一件事、正准备推出同样的东西。我们把它推演一遍,确保你的产品发布万无一失。好,我们把所有可能出错的地方都想一遍,然后我们来调整战略,往这边多走一点,而不是往那边走。他们从来不听我的。

主持人: 你有没有试过跟他们说「这事一定会顺利」?也许他们就会说:天哪,罗伯特说会顺利,我们一定得改点什么。

格林: 你是说逆向心理学?我也许该试试。

主持人: 也许下次就这么办。

被攻击是重要的证明

主持人: 这一条我真的很喜欢:被攻击说明你重要到值得成为靶子,你应该享受这份关注和证明自己的机会。

格林: 如果人生里一切都很容易,如果所有人都喜欢你要做的事,你没有敌人,没有反对,没有任何阻力,你会变成一摊糊糊,你不会有什么成就,你没法逼自己一把,没法改变和进化。穆罕默德·阿里说过:如果身边没有乔·弗雷泽,我不会成为今天这样伟大的拳手。他本来当然也会是个伟大的拳手,但像弗雷泽这样的宿敌把我推到了一个高得多的层次上。

主持人: 蝙蝠侠里是不是有一句台词,小丑说「我成全了你」?就算没有,也应该有,听上去就像他会说的话。

格林: 但这是真的。没有小丑,蝙蝠侠算什么?

主持人: 我也很喜欢「你应该享受这个证明自己的机会」。这么看,压力是一种特权。

格林: 我跟五十美分做那本书,《第50条法则》的时候,非常胆怯。我决定把它做成一本主要关于五十美分的书,因为我心想,他是名人,我算老几。所以我写了一个非常「五十美分中心」的版本,写他的生意等等。没有人喜欢,事实上出版社把项目砍了。而我的声誉就悬在那儿,那可能是一记让我颜面尽失的打击。

然后另一家出版社的人来了,他说:罗伯特,你得改变思路,你得让这本书更多地关于你,而不是更少地关于他,是更多地关于你、你的风格和你的想法。

主持人: 两者的交叉点。

格林: 对。我心想:糟了,我已经在这上面花了好多时间。他说:如果你这么做,我就出版这本书。我想,我的声誉啊,如果我不做,我就完了。好吧,我做。他又说:坏消息是,你有八个月时间。

我像魔鬼一样地干。这里没有一个敌人,但那个挑战就像我站在拳台上面对乔·弗雷泽,我必须把水平提上去。那是我写书生涯里第一次直面失败,真正的失败。如果那本书不成,五十美分会觉得出了什么问题,而且我们已经宣布了出版计划。我也许能恢复过来,但那会是一次重创。我必须让那本书成。

结果它逼出了我最好的东西,让我做出了从前从没做过的事情,把我的自信建立了起来。这等于是有人在怀疑你,因为当时周围有很多怀疑者,很多人在想:罗伯特大概到头了,我们本以为他是那么回事,其实不是。所以有这种压力,就像我们说的截稿日和别人的怀疑,它可能把你压垮,但也可能让你强大得多,让你成为一个更好的斗士。

主持人: 有没有存在过第49条法则?你是直接从48跳到了50。

格林: 因为他是五十美分嘛。

主持人: 我一直好奇你有没有想过补一个第49条。

格林: 没有第49条。第49条法则就是:没有第49条这种东西。你不谈论第49条。就是这样。

用缺席赢得尊重

主持人: 利用缺席来增加尊重。你被看见、被听见得越多,就显得越平常。如果你在一个群体里已经站稳了,暂时的抽离会让人们更多地谈论你,甚至更加仰慕你。你必须学会何时离场,通过稀缺来培育价值。

格林: 很多人读我的书、面对生活的问题,是他们太非黑即白了。他们会说:罗伯特,如果我在社交媒体上缺席,就没人知道我是谁了;如果我不写这本书,不出下一张专辑,不推出这个产品,我怎么活?你在说什么?在这个世界上那样的缺席非常危险。

可我说的不是单纯的缺席,我说的是缺席与在场之间的一支舞。不是让你消失,而是让你稍微少在场一点,让你能够消失一阵子,让人们琢磨你。拿破仑说过:如果我每天晚上都出现在巴黎剧院里我那个小小的皇帝包厢,人们就会把我当成理所当然;如果我每周出现一次,他们会想,有点意思,不过他每周都来;如果我一个月出现一次,那就是一个事件了,天哪,他来了,他下次什么时候来?这就是全部注意力的所在。这就是缺席与在场的动力学。每两三天出现一次,不行。每周出现一次,不行。一个月出现一次,对了。每年出现一次,人们就把你忘了,你什么力量都没有。你必须精确地掌握这个动力学。

主持人: 有意思的是,这在神经层面也有对应,就是间歇性奖励、可变比率奖励,而社交媒体、老虎机、赌博全都是靠这个运作的。

格林: 那是怎么回事来着?如果你按一个按钮……

主持人: 用小鼠来举例。

格林: 你又说小鼠,你喜欢小鼠。

主持人: 我总得找个正当的例子。小鼠可以按一个按钮,如果每按五次、十次或者二十次给一颗食物,它们会按。但过一阵子它们就会腻。如果是间歇性的,它们不知道什么时候会来,它们按得凶猛得多。就是那种我们没准备好的时候获得的多巴胺。

格林: 我们也没准备好看到拿破仑出现在他俯瞰芭蕾舞台的皇帝包厢里。

主持人: 这是真的。从我们做第二期节目开始,这句话就一直在我脑子里:疏离是有魅力的(aloofness is alluring)。每次我想到这句话,我都会想到你的脸。我室友的爸爸有个类似的说法,叫「表现好,然后走人」,那是他参加派对的方式。我觉得这也是「爱尔兰式告别」的一个不错的理由:表现好,然后走人。哦,罗伯特人呢?他……

格林: 他们管那个叫爱尔兰式告别?就是不跟任何人道别就走?

主持人: 对。

格林: 那正好是法式告别的反面,法式告别没完没了,或者你根本走不了,所有人在门口亲来亲去、聊个不停,永远走不掉。

我的意思是,比如在约会的情境里,这是个常见的例子。现在情况不同了,你约完会,如果你第二天,或者当天晚上就发短信给她,那感觉就是:唔,我不确定,这人有点急了,我对他没把握。如果你第二天发,稍微好一点。如果你等两天,但不要等三天,她就开始想着你了,她开始琢磨:这人挺有意思,也许他不喜欢我,也许他喜欢,我不确定。她开始想你,开始对你有幻想,然后第二天你的名字跳出来,它就有力量了,它有效果了。

所以如果你不停地轰炸一个人,你就不给他们幻想的空间,不给他们思念你的空间,然后他们就开始把你当成理所当然。

人们会说,可是现在的世界不一样了。名人会跟我说,有个女说唱歌手,我不点名,她说:可是罗伯特,在社交媒体上我没法消失。我说:你可以。虽然那是社交媒体时代之前的事,但迈克尔·杰克逊会在出唱片之前消失好几年;碧昂丝在两张唱片之间消失了差不多两年,什么都不出,然后她拿出一张唱片,哇,多大的水花。你现在仍然可以这么做,你只是得知道那个甜点在哪里。你得知道,在社交媒体上你不能消失一年,甚至不能消失一个月,但如果你消失一周,人们会注意到,他们会开始想你。所以你得懂得怎么玩这个游戏。

主持人: 我觉得还有一个动量积累的问题,在一开始你是需要付出代价的。划船机上有个技巧,你坐在那种室内划船器上,为了更省力地把速度提起来,人们会先划几下短桨,然后再划长桨,那时候力量才上来。

我常常把这个用在任何事情的起步阶段:如果你还没开始做播客,你在开头是没有资格「缺席」的,那只叫做没开始做播客。推迟出版你的第一本书,不叫疏离迷人,那只叫你没干活。所以是需要先积累动量和惯性,然后你才能去打破预期。

比如去年我推出了一个产品,罐子的配色是渐变的,橙到橙,黄到橙,黄到绿,而我们发布的第三个罐子是纯白的。我想打破这个模式。我想先立起预期,然后很快地把它打破。从品牌的角度我也是这么想的:我以为我知道这里有个惯例,我以为我知道会是什么样,哦,这个有点意思,跟我预想的不一样。

格林: 对,但你得先为它建立好铺垫。

主持人: 完全正确。在你建立惯例之前就打破惯例,那只是散漫,只是到处乱撒。这就好比你先发表了一篇关于48条法则中某一条的文章,然后下一本书完全不同,或者是另一个主题,那会让人说:你还没有建立起足够的风格,我还没有那个预期,你没法打破一个我还不存在的预期。

格林: 这也是为什么我说权力是一场心理学的游戏。你必须掌握这些非常微妙、看不见的心理规则。有些人是靠本能知道的,他们有一种营销的直觉:我得打破预期,如果一切总是一样的,就没有惊喜。但你必须理解,你必须去思考别人会如何反应,你必须理解其中的心理学:惊喜会带来注意力,出乎意料的东西才醒目,人们才会兴奋,才会感兴趣。

另外,制造病毒式效应是这件事的另一面,跟运用缺席、制造缺席是一体两面。我在《诱惑的艺术》里写过:你路过一家餐厅,里面只有一对情侣在吃饭,菜单看着不错,评价也好,可你会说,我觉得我们还是别去了。你再往前走几个街区,那家餐厅里挤满了人,大家坐着,笑着,喝着,好,我们去那家。

主持人: 那家的菜可能很难吃。

格林: 可因为你看到别人都在那儿,你就被吸引进去了。

主持人: 你这可是在说我的母语,我可是个夜店推广人。我们什么招都用过。我们当年的一个策略是:在夜店外面,你队伍的长度决定了别人认为里面有多热闹,而队伍的长度取决于队伍有多宽,而不是排队的人有多少。所以我们把队伍保持成两人宽,我们把栏杆往里挤,让人两个两个地排,像诺亚方舟一样,这样我们就能造出一条一百码长的队伍。

格林: 你看,这些事你是本能就懂的。我不知道为什么有些人就是不明白这类事情。但这正是你想玩的那种心理学。我写过巴纳姆是这方面的大师。他在曼哈顿有一座奇珍博物馆,整个游戏就是要把人弄进去,因为一旦他们进去了,里面全是那些古怪的、真正稀奇古怪的东西,那么奇特、那么有趣,那些珍奇物件、畸形的胎儿和动物。怎么把人弄进去?他雇了一支他能找到的最烂的乐队,在博物馆旁边演奏极其难听的音乐,而且声音大到人们为了逃开这音乐会冲进博物馆里去。那就是那种思路,马基雅维利式的策划。

马基雅维利被误读的地方

主持人: 说到这个,我跟你说过我下周要去佛罗伦萨,我能去看尼科洛的墓,在圣十字圣殿。

格林: 我爱圣十字。

主持人: 有没有哪一条马基雅维利的教诲,是你觉得大多数人都一带而过的?某个你希望更多人知道的沧海遗珠?

格林: 太多了,你这是在考验我这上了年纪的脑子。不过,他最有力量的一个想法,他的有力想法很多,是这个:人之所以上升到一个更高的位置,是凭借他们身上某种让他们醒目的特质。比如对克里斯·威廉森来说,那是你的亲和力,你的好脾气,你让人舒服的本事,随便你用什么词。但会到达一个临界点:时代变了,情况不同了,因为生活总在变化,而你一向倚仗的那个东西、那个长处,不再那么被需要了,不再那么有意思了,文化往前走了。可你不知道怎么跟着往前走,因为你已经对同一种做事方式上瘾了。

所以当他谈论「完美的君主」应该是什么样,在《君主论》里那会是个男人,在他那个时代只能是男人,也可以是女人,那会是一个能够持续适应环境的人,一个不只有一种权力形态的人。他把命运比作不断变动的东西,你必须能够跟着命运转向,驾驭它,一路往上骑。那会是一种超人,一种总能适应环境的人。不是改变他是谁,不是一个自信的人忽然变得非常怯懦,而是当时势要求不同的东西时,以不同的方式使用你的自信。

在我做的咨询里,大多数在人生中失败的人都已经达到了某个权力和位置的层级,但再也上不去了,他们撞上了天花板,因为他们不知道怎么适应,他们对环境只有一种反应方式。

我们以为马基雅维利是那种僵硬的思想家,抱着一堆咄咄逼人的想法。其实他是个极其流动的思想家,他讲的全是流动。他的一个核心比喻是水,因为佛罗伦萨有一条河,他对水流近乎着迷,有点像孙子那样的东方式思路:你流动、变化、适应环境的能力。我真希望人们能明白这一点,不要在做每件事情的时候都那么僵硬,不要那么僵硬地读《权力的48条法则》,不要在政治上那么僵硬,不要在创作生活里那么僵硬。

主持人: 所以某种意义上又回到了游戏性。这一年多来这个话题在我这儿反复出现,我觉得应该有人,不是我,我不干,也许也不是你,你太忙了,应该有人写一本关于「玩」的书,关于重新把游戏感找回来,关于它对心理健康意味着什么。

格林: 关于这个主题,有史以来最好的一本书已经写出来了,叫《游戏的人》(Homo Ludens),作者是荷兰人约翰·赫伊津哈,大概写于三十年代。没有人能写出比它更好的书了。他讲游戏的历史,并且深入到它的心理学层面,是你能读到的最好的书之一。Homo 是人,ludens 是玩,所以是「玩的人」。有 Homo sapiens,智人,讲我们的大脑;他说我们是 Homo ludens,我们是会玩的动物。这本书精彩绝伦,我永远超越不了它。

主持人: 说到马基雅维利,我请过亚历山大·李博士上节目,他写了一本非常出色的马基雅维利传记。他是历史学家。书名叫什么来着,我想不起来了。总之,他跟我讲了一个故事,我原先不知道马基雅维利是个这么放浪的人,到处留情。

格林: 他是个彻头彻尾的诱惑者。

主持人: 他跟我讲的这个故事是:马基雅维利当时在旅途中,我记不清他用的那个词了,他说的是某种「思春之情」,那种非常得体的英式表达。

格林: 就是他欲火中烧。

主持人: 马基雅维利欲火中烧。他被带进了一家妓院,跟一个女人上了床,但灯是灭的。他说他后来决定拿蜡烛靠近看看,结果看到一个丑陋不堪的女人,他吐了,为自己做的这件事感到相当创伤。而由李博士这样一位非常得体的英国历史学家来给我讲这个故事,那味道特别妙。

格林: 真正让我受不了的是,人们用「马基雅维利式」这个词的时候,脑子里的形象是一个邪恶的、诡计多端的人,还有他长得那副样子,像只老鼠。可他是一个极其温暖、极其有人情味的人,非常风趣,非常机智,是个彻底的文艺复兴人。

首先,他在极高的水平上理解政治,绝对出色。他不是个了不起的外交官,他只是个低级别的外交官,但他对心理学有非常好的感觉。他是个了不起的女性诱惑者,这我们知道。他还写剧本,写过戏,也写诗,人们不知道这些。他写过我认为有史以来最放肆的一部戏,拿天主教会开涮,剧中在教堂里进行着极其不敬、亵渎神明的仪式。那部戏叫《曼陀罗》,是部极其好笑的戏,相信我。它写得太好了,当时甚至在梵蒂冈上演过。那是1520年代。人们不知道这个人是个真正的文艺复兴人:他是诗人,是剧作家,是女人的情人,是伟大的战略家。所以我关于他也有一大堆这类轶事。他真的很棒。

主持人: 我真的很喜欢了解这个人本身。奇怪的是,观念会先于人抵达。

格林: 我最喜欢的关于马基雅维利的书是哈维·曼斯菲尔德写的《马基雅维利的德性》,一本非常出色的书,我强烈推荐。他是少数几个我真心喜欢的学院派之一,他理解马基雅维利,而大多数人根本不在他的层次上。他写马基雅维利跟今天这个世界有多贴切,写他如何预见了今天商业和政治里正在发生的一切。如果你对马基雅维利感兴趣,《马基雅维利的德性》,是我最喜欢的书之一。

给迷茫的年轻男性

主持人: 我觉得现在有一个群体在四处寻求建议,就是年轻男性。他们感到有点迷失,觉得自己在这世上的位置不确定,不知道方向在哪儿。对于在现代世界里感到迷失的年轻男性,你有什么建议?

格林: 你得对自己是谁、对自己的男性气质感到自在。「男性的」这个词现在带上了一种负面的意味,这很糟糕。因为你是个年轻男性,不是每个年轻男性都这样,有些男人不是这种感受,但很多年轻男性,包括我自己当年,你体内有睾酮在奔涌,你好胜,你有野心,你有目标,你有这股能量,你想施展自己。可这是坏的,坏的,坏的,你不应该是这样的。文化里也没有「男性气质中有德性」这回事。

确实存在有毒的男性气质,这毫无疑问。但男性气质里也有德性,这些德性需要被重新定义,我们需要有这方面的偶像和榜样。

我小时候,天哪,我说这话的口气……我小时候最讨厌别人这么说,所以我知道你会讨厌我,但我还是要说,因为这是真的。我小时候看了很多西部片,那是一种沉默的英雄,加里·库珀那种。我成长过程中对男性气质的理解,是一个能控制自己的男人,不刻薄,不欺压别人,正派,善待女性。所以善待女性是一种男性德性,是件好事,它来自一个强者的位置。你对自己的男性气质并不心虚,你不需要通过贬低女性、推搡她们、用脏话骂她们来证明自己是个男人。你不需要走安德鲁·泰特那条路。你可以尊重女性,而尊重她们正是你力量的标志,是你对自身男性气质感到安全的标志。你不需要贬低别人来让自己感觉更好。

我们必须重新定义这些品质,但外面没有这样的偶像。你要么是安德鲁·泰特那类,要么是那些怯懦的男人,怕得要死不敢有一点男性气质。

你的攻击性,你的进取心,你的睾酮,那是好东西,事情是靠它办成的,它给你能量,把你送进这个世界,它让你有野心,让你施展自己,激励自己。它必须被引导,必须被纪律约束。但你得像我们刚才聊讨好型人格、聊怎么重新框定它那样,你得看清自己是谁,看到其中的德性,看到其中的力量。

这是个文化问题,因为男人非常困惑。我成长的时候没有这种困惑。现在很难,因为你被告知所有这些你自然感受到的东西都是负面的。它们只有在你无法控制的时候才是负面的。所以自制是一种非常男性的品质:你能控制自己,能控制自己的激情,能在不需要多话的时候不多话。我不是说女人没有这些,说反面成立是不对的。这些是男人因为生理而天然拥有的东西,抱歉,我确实相信这些。它们是好的,只是你怎么用它们,那才可能变坏。

所以我只希望外面能有更多正面的榜样。我知道自己可以是个十足的混蛋,我玩游戏的时候好胜心很强,我喜欢赢,而且我在这方面可能有点刻薄。我是个讨好型的人,但我喜欢赢。我把这一切,我全部的攻击性,全部的睾酮,我不是说我比别人多,我就是正常量,我把它全都倒进了我的书里。那股锋刃,那股攻击性,那种「去你的,我不太喜欢你,我不喜欢这个世界」的劲头,我把它倒进了《权力的48条法则》里:这就是人们操纵别人的手法,这就是人可以有多坏、多残忍,我要通过把它揭露出来、展示出来、尽可能真实直接地写出来,把我的攻击性全都发泄掉。我把它引导到某样东西里,而不是去伤害别人。所以找到疏导你攻击性倾向的方式,是做一个男人的正面方式。你得找到那个出口,不管它是什么,体育是个很好的例子,但还有别的东西。

主持人: 这感觉很像炼金术。其实炼金术是把坏的或者无用的东西变成有价值的东西,而这件事是把某种不确定的、可能往两边走的东西,这种对掌控、对征服、对成就的渴望,用来推着你往前,并且但愿能让世界变得更好一点。你想要追逐、征服、在任何事上臻于精通的欲望,没有任何理由必须让世界变得更差。这不是什么古怪的零和游戏,不是说你要变好就必须从世界那里拿走什么。我认为它是增量的。

格林: 是的。你必须聪明,必须能控制自己,必须有纪律。那就把纪律也加到那些男性德性里去吧。它只是需要被重新定义。我们需要有人站出来,男人,甚至女人,坦然地说:这些就是德性,这些就是作为一个男人、作为男性气质好的那一面。所以精通某样东西不是坏事,好胜也不是坏事。你建起一家很能打的公司,做得非常好,给了人们他们需要或者想要的东西。所以关键只在于你怎么引导这股能量,怎么控制它,以及德性是什么:自制,不觉得自己必须贬低别人才能抬高自己,有自信而不必吹嘘。

一个糟糕透顶的、有毒的男性气质就是吹嘘:看我有多少钱,看我睡过多少女人,看我这些那些。你只是在说空话,那是一堆热气。那不是强,那其实是弱。太多看上去强势的品质,实际上来自一个极度虚弱和不安的位置。我看那些总在吹嘘、总在讲自己做过多少伟大事情的领导人,我看到的是一个小小的、不安全的、虚弱的孩子,非得说这些话不可。所以关键只在于,它是来自某种坚实强大的东西,还是来自深不见底的不安。

一本会让你不适的新书

主持人: 女士们先生们,罗伯特·格林。罗伯特,我真的非常感谢你愿意这么开放地谈这些。我觉得人类心理学和人性之间这条线,在当下是非常被需要的。就像你说到男性气质那一段:榜样,原型,我们过去可以遵循的那些教诲和路径,很多都被技术、被变动的社会位置抛到了空中。我很期待你把这本关于崇高的书写完,我想你自己也一样期待。

格林: 是啊。然后等它写完了,我会开始想念它,然后准备好去写下一本。

主持人: 你给自己定的大致交稿期是什么时候?

格林: 希望2026年能出。

主持人: 那还得等两年。

格林: 因为要花一年写完,再花一年把它整理成形。我可以说,这会是一本非常怪的书。

主持人: 从你嘴里说出来「怪」,这个说法分量可不轻。

格林: 这是我写过的最怪的一本书。

主持人: 能说说为什么吗?

格林: 我是想把你摇醒。我想让你不再用同样的方式看世界。我想让你意识到,你一直在用一种非常有限的方式看待它。所以每一章我都在试着挑战你,告诉你这个世界跟你想的不一样,它其实比你以为的更令人兴奋、更有意思。

我想把它比作「不用吃药的吃药」,它会稍微改变你看事物的方式,像你微量服用了什么东西一样。书某种程度上就是微剂量。它会改变你怎么看自然,怎么看动物,怎么看你自己,怎么看别人,怎么看你自己的童年,怎么看历史,怎么看艺术和音乐,然后是怎么看死亡。死亡显然是最后一章,因为死亡是终极的崇高,那是我相当熟悉的东西。所以这会是一本怪书,也许它会失败,也许只有十个读者。

主持人: 你前八本都挺有把握的。

格林: 但这一本可能就是失败的那本,谁知道呢。

主持人: 我最近一直在想敬畏和惊惧这两种情绪,它们相当缺席。我猜它们会出现在「崇高」的某个位置上。我觉得这类超越性的体验非常重要。

格林: 我知道我们快到尾声了,但崇高是一种不寻常的东西,它是痛苦与快感的结合,是敬畏与恐怖的结合。这两样东西在人的身体里,我分析了它的神经和生理机制,会产生一种震颤般的效果。如果只是美的、令人愉悦的,那好吧;如果只是痛苦的,啊。可两者结合起来,是惊心动魄的,它让你不得不看着它,它对你的身体产生作用,让你起鸡皮疙瘩。所以当你抬头看夜空的时候,它是无限的,它是壮丽的,可是我如此渺小,如此微不足道,如此毫无意义。把这两样放在一起,你就有了崇高。

主持人: 两周后我要去威尼斯听维瓦尔第的《四季》现场。我在想我会不会体验到一点崇高,一点敬畏,或者一点惊惧。

格林: 惊惧是什么?

主持人: 置身于那样的精湛面前,会把你自己所有没有逼过自己的地方照得一清二楚,你会为此感到惊惧。我常常有这种感受:我的朋友们在摇滚乐队里,他们开一场大演出,我在现场看着他们号令成千上万的人,然后我会想:你他妈这辈子在干什么?

格林: 所以那是两者的美妙混合。

主持人: 在我们结束之前,首先,所有人都得去买那本《权力的48条法则》二十五周年纪念版,因为它太漂亮了,而且你可以玩书口那个很酷的把戏,它是限量的,会卖完。另外你也开始在 YouTube 上发力了,好像每隔几天就有新内容,大家可以去看看,我是个铁杆粉丝。

格林: 是啊,我自己都不敢相信,我们从零开始,今年就要到两百万订阅了。

主持人: 欢迎加入内容创作者的泥潭和无常之中。

格林: 天哪。

主持人: 很快你就会开始比剪刀手、拍自拍,剩下的全套都来了。

格林: 那种压力,你不能松劲。某种意义上这几乎是件坏事。

主持人: 做这件事的时候,疏离是很难的。罗伯特,非常感谢你,这一次等了很久。

格林: 是啊,谢谢。

本期讲者
罗伯特·格林美国作家,著有《权力的48条法则》《诱惑的艺术》《精通》《人性的法则》等八部作品,累计销量以千万册计。他 39 岁才出版第一本书,此前做过记者、编剧与多种零工,谈话时正在写以「崇高」为主题的新书。
Chris Williamson英国播客主持人,Modern Wisdom 节目创办者。做播客之前长期经营夜店推广业务,这段经历成为他在本场谈话中讨论声誉与群体心理的经验来源。
章节 · 点击跳转视频
0:00 开场:烫金特别版的由来 ▶ 正在看
2:03 现代哲学为何丢了灵魂 ▶ 正在看
10:14 十八年荒野期与技能复利 ▶ 正在看
19:40 拒当犬儒:保持惊奇的能力 ▶ 正在看
24:23 确定感如何把人变蠢 ▶ 正在看
30:04 权力是一场心理游戏 ▶ 正在看
34:44 声誉与可信度不可出售 ▶ 正在看
44:01 不可替代性:拥抱你的怪异 ▶ 正在看
1:06:33 压力、截止期限与爱迪生 ▶ 正在看
1:17:51 一炮而红为何是诅咒 ▶ 正在看
1:34:26 缺席的节奏与稀缺价值 ▶ 正在看
1:44:19 马基雅维利与男性气质的重定义 ▶ 正在看
本期论点
本期回应
其他论点
15:47
长期认真打磨一门技能会在物理层面重塑大脑的神经连接,思想确实能改变物质 罗伯特·格林
25:17
在这个世界上,愚蠢无能的人造成的伤害比邪恶的人更多 罗伯特·格林
26:05
让人变蠢的根源是「我已掌握全部答案」的那种确定感 罗伯特·格林
29:15
创造力的本质是能同时持有两种看似矛盾的想法而不急于下判断 罗伯特·格林
32:06
名声不必是真的,虚构的名声同样能先声夺人地影响别人 罗伯特·格林
33:28
人升到CEO靠的往往不是指标和实际业绩,而是懂得怎么玩心理游戏 罗伯特·格林
36:06
可信度是唯一绝对不该出售的东西,因为它没有退货政策,卖掉就买不回来 Chris Williamson
44:54
可替代的人终将被替代,唯一的防御是让自己不可替代 罗伯特·格林
58:03
改变不了的天性不该被消除,而应找到让它成为优势的方式 罗伯特·格林
1:08:56
大脑需要持续的压力和紧张才能高效运转,压力本身并非坏事 罗伯特·格林
1:21:56
二十多岁就获得成功往往是最糟的事,因为此时缺乏自律、格局和对风险的认知 罗伯特·格林
1:35:41
提升他人尊重靠的不是彻底消失,而是在缺席与在场之间保持节奏,让人有时间产生好奇 罗伯特·格林
1:40:48
在还没做出作品、没建立起风格之前保持低调,不是神秘感,只是活没干完 Chris Williamson
1:53:45
有毒的男子气概确实存在,但男性气质本身也有美德,这些美德需要被重新定义并树立榜样 罗伯特·格林
1:59:53
不断吹嘘财富与战绩不是强大,而是深层不安全感的表现 罗伯特·格林
01开场:烫金特别版的由来
0:00
Robert Green welcome to the show thank you for having me Chris my pleasure we finally get to meet after all these years the first time that you came on the show was episode 78 where are you at now five years ago I'm on 820 wow the show is 400 times bigger than it was when you first came on so I wanted to say thank you 400 come on Chris I know I know I'm disappointed I know I really did try to impress I wanted to hit that 500 number before we got to meet but I wanted to say thank you for for coming on very early you're very welcome you're very welcome I also wanted to say thank you for sending me the special edition of 48 Laws of Power ah which is the coolest book ah for the people that haven't seen it it's uh leatherbound gold emboss 48 on the front and then as you look at the side it's gold so like just like a gold um boundary on the outside of the paper but as you splay the pages out in One Direction it's your face as YouPlay the pages out in the other it's that famous portrait of ma Valley so cool yeah so
Robert Greene,欢迎来到节目,谢谢你邀请我,Chris,我的荣幸,这么多年之后我们终于见面了你第一次上我的节目是第78期,现在到哪一期了?五年前,现在是第820期,哇,这节目比你第一次来的时候大了400倍所以我想跟你说声谢谢,400倍,不是吧Chris,我知道,我知道,我很失望,我知道,我真的努力想让你刮目相看,我本来想在我们见面之前冲到500这个数字,但我还是想谢谢你这么早就来上节目,不客气,不客气,我还想谢谢你送我那本《权力的48条法则》特别版,啊,那本书太酷了,啊,对于没见过的人来说,它是皮面精装,封面上烫金的48,然后你看它的侧边,是金色的,就像纸的外缘有一圈金色的镶边,但当你把书页往一个方向扇开时,是你的脸,当你把书页往另一个方向扇开时就是马基雅维利那幅著名的肖像,太酷了,是啊,太酷了,我其实不能完全把功劳算在自己头上
便签引用
1:02
cool I can't really totally take credit for my partner on on the first three books he did it he's an brilliant designer he consulted me on it but um he's really the genius behind that but it's the sort of thing you can't not take a photo of yeah it's so you I mean it's the most basic technology as well you stuff that's been around you used to get it in um serial boxes to you know look at things from different angles to be able to make it work but no one's ever applied it to a book before well he he um he's he's a very strange guy he's Dutch he's very interesting we were we we had a good combin we had a good uh kind of Rapport and he researched it and he found in the 18th century this was a technique that they would use on the edging of books where you would flip through it and you would see an image and he studied how they did it and then he was able to replicate it through U digital technology but you know that's pretty genius that's pretty interesting so yeah who is that guy his name is yast
前三本书我的搭档,是他做的,他是个才华横溢的设计师,他就这个跟我商量过,但是,呃,他才是背后真正的天才,但这种东西你没法不拍张照,是啊,而且这其实是最基础的技术你知道,早就有的东西,你以前在麦片盒上就能见到,就是从不同角度看东西让它成立,但从来没有人把它用在一本书上过,嗯,他,呃,他是个很奇怪的人,他是荷兰人,他这个人很有意思,我们,我们很合得来,配合得很好,有很好的默契,然后他去研究了这个他发现在18世纪,这是一种他们会用在书的切口上的技术,你翻过去,就会看到一幅图像,他研究了他们当年是怎么做的,然后他就能用数字技术把它复刻出来呃,数字技术,但你知道,这挺天才的,挺有意思的,是啊,那人是谁?他叫Jost
便签引用
02现代哲学为何丢了灵魂
2:03
elfers you'll see his name on my books the yast elfers book my first three books um and he's the one that if it weren't for him I wouldn't be here I'd either be dead or I'd be still working in Hollywood and probably be dead anyway he discovered me I've told the story many times but he uh basically gave me my first break and he subsidized me while I wrote the 48 Laws of Power he produced it he designed it together we designed it but so I have I have a lot to owe him and he's still involved yes he designed to cover the daily laws and I'm hoping he'll yeah sure we're still together yeah what do you think is the problem with modern philosophy where did we go wrong well I mean it's a huge subject and you know there are lots of different aspects of philosophy op y but like um everything it's so much in our culture it's kind of lost its Soul so um you know years ago um we kind of somewhere went off on a wrong path we lost faith in just our thinking in our brains in our minds right so Socrates or
Elffers,你在我的书上能看到他的名字,Jost Elffers的书,我的前三本书,呃,他就是那个,要是没有他,我就不会坐在这里,我要么已经死了,要么还在好莱坞干活,而且大概也已经死了是他发现了我,这个故事我讲过很多次,但他,呃,基本上是他给了我第一个机会,他在我写《权力的48条法则》的时候资助我,他做了制作,他做了设计,我们一起设计的,所以我欠他很多,他现在还参与吗?是的,《每日法则》的封面是他设计的,我希望他还会,是啊,当然,我们还在一起合作,是的,你觉得现代哲学的问题出在哪里?我们是从哪里走错的?嗯,我是说这是个很大的话题而且你知道,哲学有很多不同的层面,但是呃,就像所有东西一样,在我们的文化里,它有点丢了自己的灵魂,所以呃,你知道,很多年前,呃,我们不知在哪儿走上了一条错误的道路,我们对自己的思考、对自己的大脑、对自己的头脑失去了信心,对吧,所以苏格拉底,或者尼采,或者,如果我们在这里跳过两千年,他们不会坐在那里
便签引用
3:25
n or if you know skipping here 2,000 years they didn't sit there and and go through scientific journals about the origins of Consciousness and do studies and data and mathematical formulas to figure out how the brain works or what makes a human being I'm doing a lot of things on Socrates right now because I'm writing about him the stuff he's saying about is absolutely brilliant it's mind-blowing and it's incredibly relevant to our world today but if you were around today then people would laugh at him oh it's all speculative right it's just subjective where's where's the data where's the heart facts there psychology is even more infected with this kind of mindset but philosophy is like that I can't read that stuff you know for me philosophy it has to have like a direct connection to my life to living to my soul to my Day-Day Affairs to what I have to think about when I wake up in the morning kind of thing you know it can't be all about this this ethereal abstract stuff I can't get my brain around it I want to know how to
翻阅关于意识起源的科学期刊,做研究、看数据、用数学公式去搞清楚大脑是怎么运作的,或者是什么构成了一个人,我现在在做很多关于苏格拉底的东西,因为我正在写他,他说的那些东西绝对精彩,令人震撼,而且对我们今天的世界极其有现实意义,但如果他活在今天,人们会嘲笑他,哦,这都是臆测,对吧,这只是主观的,数据在哪儿,硬事实在哪儿心理学甚至更严重地被这种思维方式感染了,但哲学就是那样,我读不下去那些东西,你知道对我来说,哲学必须跟我的生活、跟活着、跟我的灵魂、跟我每天的日常事务有直接的联系跟我早上醒来要思考的事情有关系,差不多是这个意思,你知道,它不能全是那种飘渺抽象的东西,我的脑子转不过来。我想知道该怎么生活,我想知道该怎么思考,我想
便签引用
4:27
live I want to know how to think I want to know how how to breathe I do a lot of uh I'm heavily into zen meditation and Zen philosophy to me that is like one of the most beautiful forms of philosophy and it's all about how to ground your day-to-day life and you can say Zen can be described as the ultimate realistic philosophy the realist philosophy it's taking you back to what is truly real okay yes they they they kind of the language could be very strange like they they try and present these riddles to you to alter your Consciousness but the essence of it is very relatable and they want you to be able to take their philosophy and live in your day-to-day life and not have a separation between the two so I can't read that stuff that goes on now I just can't read it I mean there's some people whose things I like but they're usually not considered philosophers one of my favorite writers that nobody will have ever heard of he died a couple years ago so he's sort of contemporary is a man named Roberto
知道该怎么呼吸。我做很多——我非常投入于禅修和禅宗哲学,对我来说那是最美的哲学形式之一,它讲的全都是如何把日常生活落到实处,你可以说禅是终极的现实主义哲学,最现实的哲学,它把你带回到真正真实的东西上。好吧,是的,他们那种语言可能非常古怪,他们会给你抛出这些公案谜题来改变你的意识状态,但它的本质是非常贴近生活的,他们希望你能够把他们的哲学拿去活在你的日常生活里,而不是把两者割裂开。所以我读不了现在那些东西,我就是读不下去,我是说有些人写的东西我喜欢,但他们通常不被当作哲学家。我最喜欢的作家之一几乎没人听说过,他几年前去世了,所以算是当代人,他叫罗伯托·
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5:34
Colosso he um writes the most fantastic books I would consider it philosophy um he's Italian he ran an edit a a publishing company for many years but he writes books about the ancient world and he mixes it in with with stories and anecdotes he has a book called The Ruins of Kos that's just one of the most brilliant books you'll ever read that to me is philosophy because it stir my soul it makes me think it makes me imagine the world makes me rethink about the life I'm living but so many of the stuff other stuff I just can't read I'm not saying it's their fault maybe it's my own fault but for me it's kind of gone down this this wrong path down a rabbit hole what if you're having to work that hard to resonate with the entire world's worth of philosophy I don't know I feel like it's probably not a you problem if there's a lot of you're you're trying your heart you're opening yourself up and you're only finding small glimmers here and there yeah yeah I mean um so there's a philosopher and you have to excuse me my
卡拉索。他写的书太精彩了,我会把它当作哲学。他是意大利人,经营一家出版社很多年,但他写的是关于古代世界的书,而且他把故事和轶事糅合进去。他有一本书叫《卡什的废墟》,那是你这辈子能读到的最出色的书之一,对我来说那才是哲学,因为它搅动我的灵魂,它让我思考,它让我想象这个世界,让我重新审视自己正在过的生活。但太多其他那些东西我就是读不进去。我不是说那是他们的错,也许是我自己的问题,但对我来说它有点走上了歧路,钻进了死胡同。如果你得这么费劲才能跟整个世界的哲学产生共鸣呢?我不知道,我觉得这多半不是你的问题。如果有很多……你在努力尝试,你敞开心扉,却只能零星找到一点点微光。是啊,是啊,我是说,嗯,有一位哲学家——你得原谅我,我的记性不如从前了——嗯,也许我等下能想起他的名字。他写过
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6:42
memory is not what it used to be um maybe his name will come to me he wrote an essay very famous essay about what is it like to be a bat I thought it was great I'm so excited about it and I did I bought the book that it's that's in he's very famous philosopher he's actually quite smart very interesting but the essay is um you're looking up right now I am Thomas Nagel yes Thomas Nagel he's written some very interesting books but they're not they don't grab me the way that that n or schopenhauer or haaker even um grabs me um but his idea about what it's like to be a bat he's trying to essentially say we can't know right because that kind of Consciousness is so different from ours right it's echolocation we have nothing to compare it to therefore get out of your arrogance you can't know it and a part of me understands it but a part of me disagrees with it and because I wrote a chapter in my new book about animal Consciousness and how we can put ourselves inside even something as strange as a bat or a spider and I wrote
一篇文章,非常有名的一篇,叫《成为一只蝙蝠是什么感觉》。我觉得写得很棒,我当时特别兴奋,我还买了收录那篇文章的书。他是非常有名的哲学家,其实相当聪明,很有意思,但那篇文章嗯……你现在在查是吧。我在查,托马斯·内格尔。对,托马斯·内格尔。他写过一些很有意思的书,但它们没有以恩(尼采)或叔本华、甚至海德格尔打动我的那种方式打动我,嗯。但他关于成为一只蝙蝠是什么感觉的那个观点,他本质上是想说我们无法知道,对吧,因为那种意识跟我们的太不一样了,对吧,那是回声定位,我们没有任何可以类比的东西,因此收起你的傲慢吧,你不可能知道。我有一部分是理解他的,但也有一部分不同意,因为我在新书里写了一章关于动物意识的内容,讲我们如何能把自己代入哪怕像蝙蝠或蜘蛛这样奇怪的存在,我写了很多关于蜘蛛如何思考的内容。是的,这是有限度的,那正是
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7:59
a lot about how spiders think yes there are limits to it and that's what the point of his essay but so many times with I find particularly now in the world today particularly in Academia is the necessity to say you're against something you're reacting you know he's reacting against people who put too much empathy and anthropomorphized things okay so I'm going to write a book that says the opposite and I'll get attention and I'll get in the New York Times review book BS and people will listen because I'm standing against something so Academia is all about like having some novel stance usually from some cultural perspective whereas the truth is more rounded it's more it's it's not so heart set just reacting and going the opposite direction you're not arriving at the truth so maybe it's a combination of the two maybe there are limits to what we can know about a bat and how it thinks but we have an amazing capacity to put ourselves inside of other beings and to kind of get a feel not an intellectual
他那篇文章的重点,但很多时候,我发现尤其是在今天这个世界上,尤其是在学术界那种必须要说自己反对某样东西的必要性,你是在反应,你知道,他是在反对那些付出太多的人共情、把事物拟人化的人,好吧,那我就写一本说反话的书,这样我就能获得关注我就能上《纽约时报》书评,人们就会听我的,因为我在反对某样东西所以学术界就是这样,总要有个新颖的立场,通常是从某个文化视角出发,而真相其实更加圆融,它更……它没那么斩钉截铁。只是做出反应、朝相反方向走,你是抵达不了真相的。所以也许是两者的结合,也许我们对蝙蝠、对它如何思考的认知确实有极限但我们有一种惊人的能力,能把自己置入其他生命体之中,去获得一种感觉——不是理智上的
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9:03
sense but a feel of what it might be like to echoing echoing you know we can get a feel for that and I talk about spiders and how their more their form of intelligence is all about vibrations they feel in in their eight legs in the bottom of their eight legs they feel the wind blowing they feel the vibrations on the web they feel the weather they know a storm is coming they can sense a creature that is land on their web just by the vibrations and elephants have a very similar uh Power in their feet they can they can sense an earthquake from 10 miles away but we can we can sense that because we can feel vibrations and you know I can't really uh know a spider but spiders are intelligent and the idea that they're intelligent and that they think is a radical idea so I don't know I'm going off on on some tangent here but that's I'm trying to answer your question Spirit of play in that which is fun I think and I know you mean there is a sort of this odd highly scrutinous skeptical uh yeah there's a lack of play uh ex that you
理解,而是一种感觉,感受那会是什么样子,比如回声定位,你知道,我们能对那个有所感觉。我还讲到蜘蛛讲到它们那种形式的智能完全是关于振动的,它们用八条腿感知,用八条腿的底部感知,它们能感觉到风在吹,能感觉到蛛网上的振动,能感觉到天气,它们知道暴风雨要来了,它们能感知到落在网上的生物,仅仅通过振动就能知道。大象的脚也有非常类似的能力,它们能感知到十英里外的地震。但我们能够体会这一点,因为我们也能感受振动。你知道,我其实没法真正了解一只蜘蛛,但蜘蛛是有智能的,而它们有智能、会思考这个想法本身就是个激进的观点。所以我不知道,我好像扯远了,但那就是……我在试着回答你的问题,关于其中那种游戏的精神,我觉得那很有趣而且我知道你的意思——学术界有一种怪异的、极度挑剔的、怀疑主义的……对,就是缺乏一种玩性,那个……你
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03十八年荒野期与技能复利
10:14
said it perfectly thank you that's that you hit the nail right there I learned something else that you taught Billy Oppenheimer I that said Above All Else focus on acquiring Knowledge and Skills Knowledge and Skills are like gold a currency you will trans transform into something more valuable than you can imagine it's similar to one of your tweets which is eventually the time that was not spent on learning skills will catch up to you and the fall will be painful what's that mean well um you know uh life can be kind of difficult right um You don't really know sometimes where you're headed nobody kind of gives you any kind of guidance in this world right and they don't tell you when you graduate college go ahead go Robert you go study this this is what you know and you know this is what your brain is suited for etc etc you have to find your own path and so for me personally I spent years in the wilderness um so I'm G I'm going give this a personal spin because I think that helps a little bit because what I
说得太到位了,谢谢,你一针见血。我还学到了你教给比利·奥本海默(BillyOppenheimer)的另一件事,你说:最重要的是专注于获取知识和技能,知识和技能就像黄金,是一种货币,你会把它转化成某种比你能想象的更有价值的东西。这跟你的一条推文很像那条说:最终,那些没有花在学习技能上的时间会反过来追上你,而那一跤会摔得很疼。那是什么意思?嗯,你知道,人生可能挺艰难的,对吧。你有时候真的不知道自己要往哪儿去,没人在这个世界上给你任何指引,对吧。大学毕业时也没人告诉你说,去吧罗伯特你去研究这个,这才是适合你的,这才是你大脑擅长的,等等等等。你必须找到自己的路。所以对我个人而言,我在荒野中游荡了好些年。我要给这个话题加点个人色彩,因为我觉得那样多少有点帮助,因为我能从自己身体内部来回答。我知道我想成为一名作家,但我
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11:23
can answered inside my own body here so I I know I want to be a writer but I can't figure out what the hell I'm going to write so I leave college and I try journalism because I have to make a living I have to support myself and I don't really like it it doesn't suit me he writes an article and then a week later it's forgotten nobody reads about it and as somebody who studied ancient Greek and Latin in college I think in terms of thousands of years and not in three days or a week you know I want something that I write to be read in 30 204 you know sorry um so wasn't a good fit so I quit I wand around Europe trying to write a novel with my backpack I live in London I live in Paris I lived in irand I lived in Greece you name I taught English in Spain trying to write a novel I had no discipline I couldn't do it it didn't work and I get starting to get depressed then um my dad isn't well I decid I'm going to move back to Los Angeles hey I'm going to get a job in Hollywood right that that'll be I'll make I'll
搞不清楚自己到底要写什么。所以我离开了大学,试着做新闻,因为我得养活自己,我得自食其力,但我并不真的喜欢它,它不适合我。他写一篇文章,一周之后就被遗忘了,没人再读它。而作为一个大学里学古希腊语和拉丁语的人,我思考的尺度是几千年,而不是三天或一周你知道,我希望我写的东西在3024年还有人读,你知道,抱歉。所以那不合适,于是我辞职了。我背着背包在欧洲四处游荡,想写一部小说。我在伦敦住过,在巴黎住过,在爱尔兰住过,在希腊住过,你随便说吧,我还在西班牙教过英语,一直想写小说。我毫无纪律性,我做不到,那行不通工作,然后我开始变得抑郁,然后呃我爸爸身体不好,我决定我要搬回洛杉矶,嘿我要在好莱坞找份工作,对吧,那样我会赚一大笔钱,而且我可以写作
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12:32
make a ton of money and I'll be writing and you know Etc how glamorous how sexy you know movie star starlets on my knocking on my door Etc okay terrible terrible fit because I'm a control freak I don't like people coming in and changing everything I say and I don't like conforming and I don't like compromise sorry that's bad thing about me but I didn't want to have to lower my my eye standards to to what they were asking me to do is a terrible fit all right now comes the chance I meet this man yo deler as we mentioned earlier in Italy and he says he ask me if I have any ideas for books and I kind of improvised the 48 Laws of Power the point of my long-winded story here is I had spent 18 years or so acquiring in high levels of skill in writing okay I could I learned in journalism how to write under a deadline Under Pressure how to make it dramatic how to make the opening sentence exciting enough to make you read all further trying to write novels taught me about creating stories which is a huge
还有你知道等等,多么光鲜,多么性感,你知道,电影明星、小明星来敲我的门等等,好吧,糟糕透了完全不合适,因为我是个控制狂,我不喜欢有人进来把我说的一切都改掉,而且我不喜欢随大流,我也不喜欢妥协,抱歉,这是我的缺点,但我不想把我的眼光标准降低到他们要求我做的那种程度,这完全不合适,好了,现在机会来了,我遇到了这个男人,就是我们前面提到的在意大利遇到的 Joost Elffers,他问我有没有什么写书的想法,我就有点即兴地说出了《权力的48条法则》,我这个啰嗦故事的重点是,我花了大概18年的时间去积累高水平的写作技能,好吧,我在新闻行业学会了如何在截稿期限下、在压力下写作,如何把它写得有戏剧性如何让开头那句话足够精彩,让你想一直读下去,尝试写小说教会了我如何创造故事,这是我写作中
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13:46
part of my writing working in Hollywood I learned how to research which is a huge element and then the theatrical element making things dramatic also story okay all of that time time Slowly by slowly Brick by Brick I had developed real level skill so when it came time to write the 48 lws of power I could do it I had learned all this discipline I had learned how to write under a deadline I learned how to make things entertaining the whole the whole bag okay and so the World opened up for me prior of that time I was miserable really really was I mean I had good moments too you're young you're always happy when you're young but a lot of times I was miserable and I didn't know why but I was acquiring skills not even aware of it and so the reason I write that is when you develop that skill when you're serious about it because I was very serious about writing you change your brain you rewire your brain it's like uh and this is a remarkable power of the human brain that people don't realize something I'm also writing in my
非常重要的一部分,在好莱坞工作让我学会了如何做调研,这是个巨大的要素,然后还有那种戏剧性的元素,把事情写得有张力,也就是讲故事,好吧,所有那些时间,一点一点,一砖一瓦,我建立起了真正水平的技能,所以当到了要写《权力的48条法则》的时候,我做得到,我已经学会了所有这些纪律,我学会了在截稿期限下写作,我学会了如何把东西写得有趣,整套本事都有了,好吧,于是整个世界向我敞开了在那之前那段时间我很痛苦,真的真的很痛苦,我是说我也有好的时候,你年轻的时候总是快乐的,但很多时候我都很痛苦,我也不知道为什么,但我其实是在积累技能,自己都没意识到,所以我写这些的原因是当你培养出那种技能,当你认真对待它的时候——因为我对写作非常认真——你会改变你的大脑,你会重新连接你的大脑,这就像呃,这是人类大脑一种了不起的能力,人们没有意识到,也是我正在新书里写的东西
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14:59
new book um this this one writer uh his name is Schwarz I believe he's a UCLA neuroscientist he wanted to help people who had OCD right obsessive comp you know compulsive disorder and usually it's drugs and it's talking therapy he wanted to find out something more effective and he found that through certain strategies that he developed um that they could use in their life that they would get over their disorder and he the point isn't what the strategies were the point was he did brain scans and through the strategies that he gave them to do which I can't remember right now the brain scans show that they changed the brain and his point was through thinking through developing skills you literally change matter you change your brain so something non-material like thoughts can lit changing material things like the wiring of your brain you learn skills you're changing your brain you're changing the matter of your brain things are connecting that weren't connected before and slowly if you do it if you're
我的新书,呃这个作家,呃他叫施瓦茨,我记得他是加州大学洛杉矶分校的神经科学家,他想帮助那些患有强迫症的人,对吧,强迫,你知道的,强迫症,通常是用药物和谈话治疗,他想找到更有效的方法,他发现通过他开发的某些策略,呃那些他们可以在生活中运用的策略他们能够克服自己的障碍,而他——重点不在于那些策略是什么,重点在于他做了脑部扫描,通过他给他们的那些策略他让他们去做的那些我现在记不清的策略,脑部扫描显示他们改变了大脑,而他的观点是,通过思考、通过培养技能,你真的改变了物质,你改变了你的大脑,所以像思想这样非物质的东西,能够真的改变物质性的东西,比如你大脑的线路,你学习技能,你就在改变你的大脑,你在改变你大脑的物质,有些东西连接起来了,而它们以前是没有连接的,慢慢地,如果你去做,如果你足够认真,就会到达某个临界点
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16:11
serious enough a point will be reached like it was reached in my life where either you will start a business or someone will ask you to do something like write a book or make a film and the world will open up for you and you'll be able to do it because you have that you've laid the ground you you you've laid the soil everything is there it's rich and now something great amazing will Sprout up out of it when you have no talents you have no skill life is a series of endless confusion you you hit this road you go here then something else you go here then you go here you end up in a circle and you don't know where the hell you are when you've got skills Zoom you know where to go it's not it's not zoom it's more like but you're heading somewhere yeah it's not yeah I don't know if we're we being filmed but so yeah so that's that's my answer to your question isn't it interesting that the accumulation of skills period that the time can be a little bit like being in the trenches you have no promise of Glory you don't
就像我生命中到达的那个点一样,要么你会开创一份事业,要么有人会请你去做某件事,比如写一本书或者拍一部电影,而世界会向你敞开,而你能够做到,因为你有那个,你已经打好了基础,你已经备好了土壤,一切都在那里,土壤肥沃,现在某种伟大而惊人的东西就会从中生长出来,而当你没有任何才能、没有任何技能的时候,人生就是一连串无尽的困惑,你走上这条路,你去这里,然后有什么事否则你走到这儿,再走到那儿,最后绕了个圈,等你真有了本事的时候,你都不知道自己身在何处技能会放大,你知道该往哪儿走——不是,不是放大,更像是,但你是朝着某个方向走的,对,不是,我不知道我们是不是在被拍摄,不过对,这就是我对你那个问题的回答。有意思的是,积累技能的那段时期,那段时间可能有点像待在战壕里,没人保证你能获得荣耀,你不知道这事儿到底能不能成,你
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17:14
know if this is even going to work you have no idea whether this is is worth it and you don't even have the context of how the journalism with the novel with the Hollywood with the interpersonal skills with the guy that you meet in Italy with the so on Germany blah blah blah blah uh it's only in retrospect that you get to piece this entire Arc together and I think it's one of the reasons why reserving judgment on whether or not the situation you in right now is good or bad is probably a a pretty good idea because you just don't know what's around the corner that you've been preparing for that you didn't even know existed yes but there are parameters to it it's not like you're totally it's total mystery in the moment so um you know going back to what bothers me about philosophy we're so caught up in things that are rable rational things that can be put into numbers quantifiable data you know Big Data AI etc etc but the human consciousness is more subtle than that is more fine grained no numbers can actually approximate what
完全不知道这值不值得,而且你当时也没有那个全局视角——新闻工作、小说、好莱坞、人际交往能力、在意大利遇到的那个人、在德国发生的那些等等等等——只有在回头看的时候,你才能把这整条弧线拼凑起来。我觉得这也是为什么,对你眼下的处境先别急着下好坏的判断,可能是个相当不错的做法,因为你根本不知道拐角处有什么在等着你,而你一直在为它做准备,只是你自己都不知道它的存在是的,但这里面是有一些参数的,并不是说你完全——在当下也不是完全的谜。所以,嗯,回到哲学让我困扰的地方,我们太执着于那些可以理性化的东西、可以化成数字的东西、可量化的数据,你知道,大数据、AI 等等等等,但人的意识要比那微妙得多,要精细得多,没有任何数字能真正逼近
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18:29
human consciousness is capable of and what we have sometimes is we have an intuition about things in the moment so maybe in retrospect I'm creating a story that didn't really exist back then but at the same time I kind of knew the future I kind of knew that this would happen I had a feeling of Fate it was always there it's weird I know it sounds woo woo I'm sorry to say but it's very real and I've studied millions of successful famous people and a lot of them report the same thing sometimes you don't real realize it but your body and your brain has a sense of even the future and of where you're headed but you're not totally aware of it so I knew that I wanted to be a writer so if people don't know that they want to be a writer they don't know want to they want to go into engineering it said they'll never make those little connections that I was able to make and having that sense that you want to be a writer that you want to make films that you want to start a particular kind of business if
人的意识所能达到的境界。而我们有时候拥有的,是在那个当下对某件事的一种直觉所以也许是我在回头看的时候,编了一个当时其实并不存在的故事,但与此同时,我又好像知道未来会怎样,我隐约知道这件事会发生,我有一种宿命的感觉,它一直都在,很奇怪,我知道这听起来玄乎,不好意思这么说但这非常真实,我研究过数百万成功的名人,其中很多人都提到同样的感受,有时候你并没有意识到但你的身体和大脑对未来、对自己要去往何方是有某种感知的,只是你并没有完全察觉到。所以我知道我想成为一名作家。如果人们不知道自己想当作家,不知道自己想去做工程,那他们就永远做不出我当年能做出的那些细微关联。而拥有那种感觉——你想成为作家、你想拍电影、你想创办某种特定类型的企业,如果
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04拒当犬儒:保持惊奇的能力
19:40
you're interested in technology creates a framework in your brain that kind of changes how you make decisions you're not totally conscious of it but not everything in life you're totally conscious of things are operating below the level so it's something it's the chapter I'm WR right now about my Sublime book there is something in you that is guiding you towards certain things right guided you towards podcasting I don't know your life I don't know your biography before then but something inched you towards that what is that it's interesting to find out it's not all just chaos and random is what I'm trying to say that's beautiful and I agree do not be the CT cynic the ability to express wonder and amazement and seem like you mean it is a rare and dying talent but one still greatly valued yeah I mean um you know I can um I can recall my own childhood for instance growing up here in Los Angeles and um I had a a very vivid imagination which I'm Not Unusual like that most children do but I was
你对技术感兴趣——这会在你的大脑里搭建起一个框架,某种程度上改变你做决定的方式。你并没有完全意识到这一点,但人生中并不是所有事情你都能完全意识到,很多东西是在意识层面之下运作的。所以这正是我现在正在写的那一章,关于我那本讲崇高(Sublime)的书。你身上是有某种东西在引导你走向某些事物的,它引导你走向播客。我不了解你的人生,我不知道你在那之前的经历,但有某种东西一点点把你推向了那个方向。那是什么?把它弄清楚是很有意思的。我想说的是,这一切并不全是混沌和随机,这很美。我同意,不要做那种愤世嫉俗的人。能够表达惊奇和赞叹,而且让人觉得你是真心的,这是一种稀有而正在消失的才能,但它依然极受重视。是啊,我是说,嗯,我能,嗯,我能回想起自己的童年,比如在洛杉矶这里长大,嗯,我有非常丰富的想象力,这其实并不特别,大多数孩子都这样。但我
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20:59
always inventing games I loved inventing sports games games with you rolled Dice and you created this whole world I created war games all these different things that my imagination was doing and um and then when I take walks and stuff I was like seeing I was thinking about the world I was going through all kinds of fantasies I was dreaming about the future okay I was innocent like children are supposed to be and in their innocence I was opening up to the world and I was experiencing the world as it is because the reality is we are born into a very very strange and mysterious and wondrous World which is the subject of my book right you take everything for granted but you don't realize that to be alive the odds against you being Chris Williamson are absolutely Astron omal to be around with all this technology where we were as humans 20,000 years ago something you can't even begin to Fathom and when you're a child you ask these questions you know Albert Einstein said the same thing you know he said genius is able to
总是在发明各种游戏,我特别喜欢发明体育类游戏,那种要掷骰子的游戏,你会创造出一整个世界。我创造过战争游戏,还有各种各样别的东西,全是我的想象力在运转。嗯,然后当我出门散步之类的时候,我会看到、会想到世界,我沉浸在各种各样的幻想里,我梦想着未来,好吧,我是天真的,就像孩子本该有的样子,而在那份天真里,我向世界敞开,我在如实地体验这个世界,因为现实是,我们生来就置身于一个非常非常奇怪、神秘又奇妙的世界——这正是我这本书的主题,对吧,你把一切都当成理所当然,却没有意识到,你能活着、能成为克里斯·威廉姆森,这概率小得简直是天文数字,而且还能生活在这么多科技当中——想想两万年前人类是什么样子,那是你根本无法想象的,而当你还是个孩子时,你会问这些问题你知道,阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦也说过同样的话,他说天才就是能够一直发问,一直做那个孩子,一直对事物保持好奇
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22:15
keep questioning to be that child to keep wondering about things right so your ability to wonder to ask questions to not feel like you know all the answers isn't a beautiful thing it's not just to make you more intelligent it also makes you happier so cynics start from a place where they know everything the world is just so rotten it's just everybody is out for power people accuse me of saying that but it's not true everyone's out for power everyone's got like an ulterior motive it's all just about these you know you're really not interested in other people Robert you're interested in making money right cynicism reduces everything to this one level it has nothing to do with reality because reality is much richer and weirder and more mysterious than that so when you're SI when you're a cynic you're missing the beauty of life but also people don't like to be around cynics the court cynic is to get back to your question because um yeah people like maybe some sarcasm I don't deny that but people want to feel that sense of
对吧,所以你保持好奇、提出问题、不觉得自己什么答案都知道的能力,这难道不是一件美妙的事吗,它不只是让你更聪明,它还让你更快乐。而愤世嫉俗的人是从「我什么都懂」出发的——这个世界就是烂透了,每个人都只想要权力。有人指责我说过这种话,但那不是真的,说什么每个人都在争权夺利,每个人都有不可告人的动机,一切都不过是为了这些,你知道,「罗伯特,你其实根本不关心别人,你只想着赚钱」,对吧。愤世嫉俗把一切都压缩到这一个层面上,它和现实毫无关系因为现实比那要丰富得多、古怪得多、神秘得多。所以当你愤世嫉俗时,你就错过了生命的美,而而且人们也不喜欢和愤世嫉俗的人待在一起。回到你的问题,说到愤世嫉俗,因为,嗯,是的,人们也许喜欢一点讽刺挖苦,这我不否认,但人们想要感受到那种天真感,他们想感到兴奋,他们
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23:29
Innocence they want to feel excited they want to feel enthusiastic and if you're a Debbie Downer if everything is like but oh that's what's really going on here you're not really BL blah blah people will like yeah they'll me laugh at your jokes but eventually they're going to push you aside because they don't want to hear that kind of stuff play and enthusiasm huh play and enthusiasm again we're coming back to play yeah I've been using my eight Sleep mattress for years and I absolutely love it I used to find myself waking up in the middle of the night because I was was too hot and this has been completely neutralized by the magic that is eight sleep it is time to upgrade your sleep game with eight sleep's newest generation pod the Pod 4 ultra it can cool down each side of the bed to 20° below room temperature and for those who snore heavily it can detect your snoring and automatically lift your head a few degrees to improve air flow and stop it and it is clinically proven to give you up to 1 hour more of quality sleep every
想感到充满热情。如果你是个扫兴的人,如果每件事你都要说「哦,这背后真正的情况其实是这样,你其实并不……」,巴拉巴拉,人们也许会笑你的笑话,但最终他们会把你推到一边,因为他们不想听那种东西。玩耍和热情,是吧,玩耍和热情,我们又回到了玩耍。是的,我用 Eight Sleep 床垫已经好几年了,我非常喜欢它。我以前常常会在半夜醒来,因为太热了,而这个问题已经被 Eight Sleep 的神奇之处彻底解决了是时候用 Eight Sleep 最新一代的 Pod 4 Ultra 来升级你的睡眠了。它可以把床的每一侧降温到比室温低 20 华氏度而对于打呼噜很厉害的人,它能检测到你的鼾声,并自动把你的头部抬高几度,以改善气流、止住鼾声。而且临床验证表明,它每晚最多能给你多带来一小时的优质睡眠
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05确定感如何把人变蠢
24:23
night best of all they have a 30-day sleep trial so you can buy it try it and if you do not like it after 30 days they will give you your money back plus they ship internationally right now you can get $350 off the Pod 4 ultra by going to the link in the description below or heading to 8sleep.com slod wisdom and using the code modern wisdom a checkout that's EIG HTS sleep.com wisdom and modern wisdom a checkout yeah I'm cultivating that sense similar to another uh tweet you had which I loved the stupidest people are always the ones who think they have the right answer yeah yeah so um getting back to my studies of of the ancient world which is main main part of of me one thing that always excited me was this concept the ancient Greeks that um more harm is caused In This World by stupid incompetent people than by evil people right and what they there's there's a a a word in Greek called fris which is a form of wisdom to use your title here but it's a form of practical wisdom to be able to get
最棒的是,他们有 30 天试睡期,所以你可以先买来试试,如果 30 天后你不喜欢,他们会把钱退给你,而且他们支持国际配送。现在你可以通过下方简介中的链接以优惠 350 美元的价格购买 Pod 4 Ultra,或者访问 8sleep.com/wisdom,并在结账时使用优惠码 modern wisdom,也就是 eightsleep.com/wisdom,结账时输入 modern wisdom。是的,我正在培养那种感觉,这和你另一条我很喜欢的推文有点像最愚蠢的人总是那些自以为掌握正确答案的人。对对,所以,嗯,回到我对古代世界的研究——那是我很重要的一部分——一直让我很兴奋的一点,是古希腊人的这个概念,嗯这个世界上,愚蠢无能的人造成的伤害比邪恶的人造成的更多,对吧。他们,有一个希腊词叫 phronesis(实践智慧),那是智慧的一种形式——借用一下你节目的名字——但它是一种实践性的智慧,能够把
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25:40
things done to navigate through life navigate through people to be balanced and get things done okay so um what makes people stupid and right now we have a lot of stupid people in this world there always have been stupid people people because there are more people on the planet exponentially there are more stupid people on the planet what makes people stupid and I'm sorry I'm just going to tell it like it is is their certainty that they have all the answers this is what's going on with our government this is what's wrong you know with this or that this is what people should be like blah blah blah blah blah so you're narrowing your focus to this little tiny little rail something that you heard from somebody else it's not even your own stupid idea it's you've absorbed it on the internet whatever and you're going down on this this kind of monor rail path me meanwhile the world is all around you and you're just going like zo like that because you're so certain you have the answer and when you have
事情做成,能在生活中周旋,在人群中周旋,保持平衡并把事情办成。好,那么,嗯,是什么让人变蠢呢?而现在这个世界上有很多蠢人。一直都有蠢人,因为地球上的人口是指数级增长的,所以地球上的蠢人也更多了。是什么让人变蠢?抱歉,我就直说了——是他们那种「我掌握了全部答案」的确定感。「我们政府的问题就出在这儿」「这就是这个那个的毛病」「人就应该是这样的」,巴拉巴拉巴拉。于是你把自己的视野收窄到一条细细的小轨道上,而那还是你从别人那里听来的东西,甚至都不是你自己的蠢想法,是你在网上或别的什么地方吸收来的,然后你就沿着这条单轨一路往前冲。与此同时,整个世界就在你周围,而你却只是「嗖」地这么直直往前,因为你太确定自己掌握了答案。而当你的领导者——回到希腊那个话题——当你的领导者如此
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26:39
leaders this is to get back to the Greek thing when you have leaders who are so certain they enter they enter a country into a war that have they haven't been thought out of because and and so the Paradigm in in ancient culture was the pelpiii war of between Athens and Sparta the war that ended up kind of being the end of Athenian democracy and of their Golden Era right and it was the idea and and thiddies one of the greatest writers who ever lived wrote the history of the pelian war living at that time he was saying that people the leaders thought oh this will be so easy and think of all the great things when we go and we take Sicily and we conquer that the whole world will and the sparter will be destroyed right it wasn't thought through they were so certain of the answer that they didn't think of the parameters right they didn't think really on a grand Str strategic level so people who are certain of things are very stupid and when they have power they're very very dangerous I'm not saying evil people
笃定时,他们会把一个国家拖进一场根本没有深思熟虑过的战争,因为,所以古代文化中的典型例子就是雅典和斯巴达之间的伯罗奔尼撒战争,那场战争最终差不多终结了雅典的民主制和他们的黄金时代,对吧。当时的想法是,而修昔底德——有史以来最伟大的作家之一——写下了《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,他就生活在那个年代。他说,那些领导者们认为哦,这会很容易的,想想我们拿下西西里之后会有多么美好,我们征服了它,整个世界就会……斯巴达就会被摧毁,对吧。这根本没有想清楚,他们对答案太笃定了,以至于没有考虑各种条件因素,对吧。他们没有真正从宏大的战略层面去思考。所以对事情过于笃定的人非常愚蠢,而当他们手握权力时,就非常非常危险。我不是说邪恶的人不危险,但那些无能、愚蠢、
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27:50
aren't dangerous but incompetent stupid people who were so certain who haven't thought things through are just as dangerous as evil people I think that's FAL stupid people than there are evil people as well probably probably yeah yeah it's very interesting to think about the uh where the ven diagram intersects for people who are always cynical and people who always have the right answer or who always know they go hand in hand corre they totally overlap yeah correct yeah so um one of your fellow countrymen from 200 years ago exactly L 200 years ago a gentleman named John Keats a poet came up with a concept called negative capability and negative capability he wanted to answer the question was why is Shakespeare another one of your countrymen why was Shakespeare so brilliant well his characters were so realistic because he made them as real human beings and what he could do was they weren't stick figures Shakespeare could think of a person and entertain two things about them at the the same
如此笃定、从没把事情想透的人,和邪恶的人一样危险。我觉得那是而且蠢人大概也比坏人多,可能吧,可能吧。是的是的,想想这个很有意思就是那个维恩图的交集——那些总是愤世嫉俗的人,和那些总觉得自己有正确答案、总觉得自己都懂的人,他们是相辅相成的。没错,完全重叠。是的,对。所以,嗯,你们国家两百年前的一位同胞正好是两百年前,一位名叫约翰·济慈的诗人,提出了一个概念叫「消极感受力」(negative capability)。消极感受力,他想回答的问题是:为什么莎士比亚——又一位你们的同胞——为什么莎士比亚这么了不起?因为他的人物如此真实,因为他把他们塑造成了真正的人。他能做到的是,他们不是纸片人,莎士比亚能想到一个人,同时容纳关于这个人的两种特质——他们可以既是邪恶的,但内心又
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28:58
time they could be both evil but also have a strain of goodness inside of them they were complex human beings are complex and negative capability is the essence of being of being creative it means you can hold two thoughts in your head at the same time two thoughts that apparently contradict each other but you can entertain them and not grasp at one or the other not past judgment immediately yeah so you're kind of able to deal with ambiguity and you're able to say life isn't that isn't that it's kind of both at the same time that is creativity that is real thinking you know I mean I could go on and on about my ideas about live ideas and dead ideas but this is real live thinking I have been playing with an idea that's basically the same thing just repurposed with a silly meme for me which is a cognitive superp position so like how in physics in physics yes and then when you decide you collapse the super position down um but that I try to you know think in super positions as much as possible
有一丝善良。他们是复杂的,人本来就是复杂的。而消极感受力正是创造力的本质。它意味着你能在脑子里同时持有两种想法,两种看似彼此矛盾的想法,但你能容纳它们,而不急着抓住其中一个,不立刻下判断。是的,所以你某种程度上能够应对模糊性,你能够说,生活不是那样也不是这样,它其实是两者同时存在那就是创造力,那才是真正的思考。你知道,我是说,关于活的观念和死的观念,我能一直讲下去想法,但这是真实的即兴思考。我一直在琢磨一个基本上是同一回事、只是换了个说法的点子对我来说是配上一个搞笑的梗,叫作"认知叠加态",就像物理学里那样,在物理学里,是的,然后当你做出决定时,你就把这个叠加态坍缩掉了。嗯,但我尽量让自己尽可能多地以叠加态的方式思考
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06权力是一场心理游戏
30:04
there's a very good book written about like that it's not perfect it's pretty good book called the possibility principle you can look that up he tries to apply those kind of ideas in physics to day-to-day life in Psychology it is interesting it's worth looking at so much depends on reputation reputation is the Cornerstone of power through reputation alone you can intimidate and win once it slips however you are vulnerable and will be attacked on all sides never let others Define it for you yeah um you know so when I wrote the 48 Laws of Power I tried to I have somebody through my whole life loves playing games I don't mean that in the abstract sense I mean literally like chess back gamon Sports poker whatever and um I like the cleanness of a game it's like you do this and you can win Etc but there's also a psychological element in it so particularly when you're playing poker and you're bluffing and you're and I was always fascinated by this it's a game of chance you don't really know what cards you're going to
有一本书写得很好,虽然不算完美,但是本相当不错的书,叫《可能性原理》,你可以去查一下,他试图把物理学里的这类思想应用到日常生活和心理学中,挺有意思的,值得一看。太多东西都取决于名声名声是权力的基石,仅凭名声你就能震慑对手并取胜。可一旦名声滑落你就变得脆弱,会遭到四面八方的攻击。永远不要让别人替你定义它。是啊,嗯,所以当我写《权力的48条法则》时我试着——我这个人一辈子都爱玩游戏,我不是说抽象意义上的,我是说字面意义上的,比如国际象棋、双陆棋、体育、扑克,什么都玩。嗯,我喜欢游戏的那种干净利落,就像你这么做就能赢等等,但里面也有心理的成分。所以尤其是当你打扑克、你在诈唬的时候,我一直特别着迷于这一点:它是一个概率游戏,你并不知道自己会拿到什么牌,但那边那个家伙,他一直在
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31:18
get but that fellow over there he's been bluffing he bluffed before I'm sure he did he's going to do it again right so the psychology starts entering into the picture in a game of chance it's not a game there's skill certainly skill involved but a lot of it's chance and because he bluffed before and he's got that look in his eye could be a woman don't mean to generalize all right I'm going to fold okay so you don't realize that so much of the game of power has nothing to do with data and you being better person at something a lot of it is pure psychology and intimidating people and winning before you even enter into a battle so if you have a reputation you carry it with you and the reputation doesn't have to be real personally I don't know how valid this is I have this reputation now of being this Mackie ofi in characters you know and so if Robert's five minutes late for a meeting it means he's playing a game even though it probably just the traffic but my reputation now kind of put people a little bit on their
诈唬,他之前就诈唬过,我敢肯定他诈唬过,他还会再来一次,对吧?所以心理因素就开始进入这个概率游戏的画面了。这不是一个——当然也有技巧,确实涉及技巧,但很大一部分是运气。而因为他之前诈唬过,而且他眼神里有那种意味——也可能是个女人,我不是要以偏概全——好吧,那我就弃牌。所以你没有意识到,权力这场游戏里有太多东西跟数据无关,跟你在某件事上更强也无关,很大一部分纯粹是心理战,是震慑住别人,在你还没进入战斗之前就已经赢了。所以如果你有了名声,你就随身带着它而这个名声不一定得是真的。就我个人而言,我不知道这有多站得住脚,但我现在有了这么一个名声,被当成那种马基雅维利式的人物,你懂的。所以如果罗伯特开会迟到五分钟,那就意味着他在耍手段哪怕很可能只是堵车了。但我现在的名声让人们多少有点心里犯嘀咕,你知道的,虽然这对我来说未必
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32:29
heels you know where it's not necessarily true about me but it kind of goes ahead of me and it makes it influen proceeds yeah and so it's a extra form of power so the idea you have to the overall arching idea to pull us out of the specific is power is pure psychology pure psychology and what I mean by that is um the CEO of a company he doesn't get there based on it's not like baseball where his balls and Star Soccer sorry you probably don't even know I'm a ranger I'm a Texas Rangers Fan I'll have you know oh okay all right well it's not like baseball where balls you know you hit you have a good batting average or Ops all right you're you're you're going to get in the lineup they're going to bat you in in the cleanup spot okay um life isn't like that so the way somebody Rises to the CEO and I know because I was on the board of directors of a publicly traded company it's not about metrics it's not about things that they've actually done it's about psychology right people rise to positions of power because they know how
是真的,但它算是走在我前头,而且它让人受影响——先声夺人,是的。所以这是一种额外形式的权力。所以这个想法——从具体事例中抽出来的那个总的、涵盖性的想法是:权力纯粹是心理学,纯粹是心理学。我的意思是,嗯,一家公司的CEO,他坐上那个位置靠的不是——这不像棒球那样看他的击球数据和明星球员……抱歉,是足球——你大概都不知道,我是游骑兵队的球迷,我是德州游骑兵队的球迷,我得让你知道一下。哦,好的,行吧,总之这不像棒球,你知道,你击球,你有不错的打击率或者OPS,好,那你就会进首发阵容,他们会把你排在第四棒清垒的位置。嗯人生不是那样的。所以一个人是怎么升到CEO位置的——我知道,因为我曾在一家上市公司的董事会里待过——这跟指标无关,跟他们实际做成了什么事也无关,这是心理学。对,人们之所以升到权力的位置上,是因为他们懂得怎么玩这场游戏,而且他们知道怎么玩这场
便签引用
33:42
to play the game and they know how to play the game psychology they know how to appear they know how to play the Optics they know how to intimidate they know how to say less than necessary they know all the psychological little gambits and that's why I wrote the 48 Laws of Power it's kind of like this is The Game of Life the game of power the rules are are a little bit nebulous but here's how you play you play by mastering these little psychological bits one of them is your reputation I'm fascinated by reputation and credibility especially given what I do now but my previous life I was a club promoter I ran you were a what club promoter I ran nightclubs for a very long time clip promoter what what do we call that here CL it would still be it would just be a promoter it's called Uh so marketing for nightclubs essentially the GU stood on the front door with the guest list and the bands for VIP and all of the hot girls names and then after a while we owned a group of guys that did that and then we owned a group of guys
心理游戏。他们知道怎么表现,知道怎么经营观感,知道怎么震慑人,知道怎么少说话,他们懂得所有那些心理上的小手段。这就是我写《权力的48条法则》的原因,它有点像是在说:这就是人生的游戏,这场游戏权力的规则其实有点模糊,但玩法是这样的——你得掌握这些细微的心理层面,其中之一就是你的声誉。我对声誉和可信度特别着迷,尤其是考虑到我现在做的事,但我上一段人生是做夜店推广的。我经营过——你以前是做什么的?夜店推广,我经营夜店很长时间了。夜店推广,这个在这儿我们叫什么?在英国也还是一样,就叫promoter(推广人)。基本上就是给夜店做营销,那家伙站在门口,拿着嘉宾名单、VIP卡座安排,还有所有漂亮女孩的名字,过了一阵,我们手下就有了一帮做这个的人,然后我们又有了一帮管着那些人的人,你就开始把这门生意做成一家公司。而在这个行当里,你去过的每一家夜店
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07声誉与可信度不可出售
34:44
that owned a and you start to build up this company and um in that every single nightclub that you've ever been to is the same thing it's people getting drunk in a room to music it'll never be anything else you can dress this one up pink and give out inflatable flamingos on the door or this one's really cheap or this one's on a Wednesday and it's sort of naughty that you shouldn't be going out on a Wednesday dress it up however you want it's people getting drunk in a room to music that's all it's ever going to be and what I realized from doing that was the power of reputation this isn't the reputation of a person it's the reputation of a brand but if your company is known for always putting on good parties then you get to benefit from that and is when you have a reputation for good putting on good parties people come more people come you have better yep correct so this is the this sort of odd and this is the the really important Point uh never let others Define it for you uh and uh when you are vulnerable you'll be
其实都是同一回事——一群人在一个放着音乐的房间里喝醉。它永远不会是别的什么东西。你可以把这家包装成粉色主题,在门口发充气火烈鸟;那家主打便宜;再或者这家是周三开的,让人觉得有点出格,周三本来不该出去玩。你想怎么包装都行,本质就是一群人在一个放着音乐的房间里喝醉,永远就只是这么回事。而我从中意识到的,是声誉的力量。这不是一个人的声誉,而是一个品牌的声誉。但如果你的公司以永远能办出好派对而闻名,你就能从中受益。当你有了会办好派对的名声,来的人就更多,人来得越多,派对就越好。没错,正是如此。所以这就是那个有点奇怪、但又极其重要的一点——永远别让别人来定义你的声誉。而当你处于脆弱状态时,你会四面受敌。因为声誉往上走的时候,它会先你一步到达,
便签引用
35:44
attacked on all sides because as it's going up it it does it predes you it continues to do work for you exponentially growing and growing but when you're starting to go down even your best work will sometimes be derated to be worse than it is so you have done something that is good but because of your reputation you're a liar you're a phony you're a grifter you're a shill you're a fake that's right yeah it credibility is the one thing that you should never sell because you cannot buy it back there is no return policy on your credibility and and people are so getting back to the word stupid I mean it's a theme they post things on social media when they're young not realizing that 5 years later when they're trying to get a job at a law firm they're like you know sure they're doing incredibly ridiculous things on Instagram and that part of their reputation everything you do is reflected through the social world right nothing is in isolation people are continually judging you so you have to be aware you have to
持续替你做功,指数级地不断增长;可一旦开始往下走,连你最好的作品有时也会被贬低,被说得比实际更差。你做了一件好事,但因为你的声誉,人家就说你是骗子、你是冒牌货、你是招摇撞骗的、你是托儿、你是假的。对,没错。可信度是你唯一绝对不该出售的东西,因为你买不回来。你的可信度没有退货政策。而人们——说回“愚蠢”这个词,我是说这是个反复出现的主题——他们年轻时在社交媒体上发东西,没意识到五年后当他们想去律所找份工作时,他们会——你懂的,他们在Instagram上做过各种荒唐透顶的事,而那就是他们声誉的一部分。你做的一切都会经由这个社会世界被折射出来,对吧?没有什么是孤立存在的,人们在持续不断地评判你。所以你必须有这个意识,发帖之前必须先想一想,你得想:别人会怎么理解这个?如果我
便签引用
36:50
think before you post you have to think how are people going to take this if I say this stupid rude thing that comes right out of me because I don't control my my my tongue it's going to ruin my one fault step will ruin your reputation does a British MP who is receiving on the receiving end of a tweet from 2009 which has come back around I think I read about this you like get these Estonian retards out of my house right now so I don't mean to laugh about it's terrible estonians are very smart people get these Estonian retards out of my house right now I want these whatever and uh she's had to do this rving apology but I mean you know when was Twitter when did Twitter start probably 2008 or so this is you know it's is early this is the equivalent of the big bang you know this is the whatever it is microwave cos cosmic background of tweets and um yeah the I I just love that I really I really think that the reputation Point can't be overstated and you know I've got to see in this industry as well both
因为管不住自己的嘴,脱口而出说了这句又蠢又无礼的话,它就会毁掉我的——一步走错就会毁掉你的声誉。有位英国议员就正好碰上了一条2009年的推文被翻出来。我好像看到过这事,内容大概是“赶紧把这些爱沙尼亚智障弄出我家”,我不是想拿这个开玩笑,这太糟糕了,爱沙尼亚人非常聪明。“赶紧把这些爱沙尼亚智障弄出我家,我要这些什么什么”——然后她不得不做那种绕来绕去的道歉。不过话说回来,Twitter是什么时候开始的?大概2008年左右吧,所以这算是非常早期了,这相当于宇宙大爆炸,你懂吧,这就是所谓的推文界的微波宇宙背景辐射。是啊,我真的太喜欢这个例子了,我真心觉得声誉这一点怎么强调都不为过。而且在这个行业里我也见得多了,不管是作者、播客主还是YouTube
便签引用
37:56
whether it's authors podcasters YouTube there are some people who have traded reputation and credibility for uh money or for short-term trades that didn't make sense and they've not ended up coming off in one form or another they've tried to cash it in now give me an example like going to Spotify and H no no not that do not name names no not that um interestingly with with Joe move to Spotify that was something that he got an an awful lot of credibility for and that's one of the interesting things had it have been with a different platform that didn't carry as much uh weight gravitas they have their own reputation it becomes multiplicative as opposed to sort of subtractive yeah I know of course like uh getting a Nike sponsorship is cool hoay for you that's not you selling out but getting a sponsorship with some brand that everybody thinks is really like lame that is selling out you're obviously only doing it for the cash um but you know there's a ton of guys that have held political positions or have swayed
有些人拿自己的声誉和公信力去换了钱,或者去做了一些没什么道理的短期交易,结果他们最后都没能全身而退,不管是以哪种形式,他们想把声誉变现——给我举个例子,比如去Spotify什么的不不,不是那个,别点名,不是那个。有意思的是,Joe 转投 Spotify 这件事,他其实因此赢得了相当多的公信力。这也是有意思的一点,如果换成另一个分量没那么重、没那么有格调的平台就不一样了——平台本身也有自己的声誉,这时候就是相乘的效果,而不是相减。对,我懂。当然了,比如拿到耐克的赞助,那很酷,为你高兴,那不叫出卖自己;但如果你接的是一个所有人都觉得很low的品牌的赞助,那就是出卖自己了,明摆着你就是为了钱。但你知道,有一大堆人曾经持有某种政治立场,或者随风摇摆,
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38:55
With the Wind just blown with the whatever it goes this way whenever it goes that way and the interesting thing is even if they've made a ton of money from it even if it's been advantageous in one domain I actually think that if you gave them the opportunity they would give all of it back and some to be able to regain their reputation I think they would give anything they could to be back in the cool kids club and there's no return policy on credibility well the other thing about reputation and credibility is it has to be consistent so um you have to like it's like a brand you're you're known for something you're known for being strong you're known for being self-confident you're known for being Machiavellian or whatever it is funny or light-hearted or Y and there's a certain kind of you know shape to it and if you're like all over the map and you're going over here your reputation is about that is about this it looks weak it makes it look like because we want to we want to feel like people judge on appearance
风往哪边吹就往哪边倒,这边吹就这边倒,那边吹就那边倒。有意思的是,哪怕他们靠这个赚了一大笔钱,哪怕在某个领域上占到了便宜,我其实觉得,如果给他们一个机会,他们会把这一切都还回去,甚至再多搭一些,只为了重新赢回自己的声誉。我觉得他们会不惜一切代价回到那个“酷小孩俱乐部”里去,而公信力是不支持退货的。关于声誉和公信力,还有一点是它必须保持一致。所以你得像一个品牌一样,你因为某件事而为人所知——你以强硬著称,你以自信著称,你以马基雅维利式作风著称,或者随便什么,搞笑的、轻松的,等等。它有一种特定的形状。如果你到处乱跑,一会儿这边一会儿那边,你的声誉一会儿是这个一会儿是那个,那看起来就很弱,会让人觉得——因为我们都想相信,人们是靠表象来评判的,他们不会去评判你真实的样子,他们不知道我是谁,也不知道
便签引用
39:58
they don't judge on the reality of who you are they don't know who I am or who you are they judge on what they see and what they how we appear and if those appearance they want to have something consistent that they can grab on to they want to say something simple that guy is funny and that's who he is you know this guy is that they want a very simple formula and if you can't be consistent if you're all over the place if you're changing your ideas you're Conservative then you're liberal blah blah and you're trying to to tack with each wind to get power yeah you'll get some power that way but it'll make you look weasy it'll make you look distrustful and people won't like that and your reputation will be one of somebody who has no soul who has no core so reputation also has to have a consistency a core to it a soul that binds it all together especially if it seems like it's being done for a contrived reason you know I think people are fine with people changing their mind as long as show me you're working
你是谁,他们只评判他们看到的东西,只评判我们呈现出来的样子。而对于这些表象,他们希望能有一个一致的、可以抓住的东西,他们想用一句很简单的话概括:那家伙很搞笑,他就是这样的人。这人就是那样。他们想要一个非常简单的公式。如果你做不到一致,如果你东一榔头西一棒子,如果你不停地改变自己的观点,先是保守派然后又是自由派,等等等等,而且你是在见风使舵、追逐权力——对,你确实能靠这个拿到一些权力,但会让你显得很滑头,让你显得不可信,而人们不会喜欢这样,你的声誉就会变成一个没有灵魂、没有内核的人。所以声誉也必须有一致性,有一个内核,有一个把这一切串起来的灵魂——尤其是当它看起来是出于某种刻意的目的时。我觉得人们其实并不介意别人改变想法,只要你把推演过程给我看,
便签引用
40:59
explain to me how you got from that position to this one don't do it beyond the sort of Tolerance level that we all have of this is a little bit too much I've updated I used to be Pro this now I'm anti- that um yeah I I really do think an awful lot about the value of of reputation and um in another way it's very never let anybody else Define it for you um you know allowing that sort of vacuum to to seep in loses you your power over your reputation and allows other people to derate it on the other hand if you're very mauian person poke holes in the in your enemy's reputation and you will destroy them bring up things that are inconsistent with the reputation and you will have ruin be like a popping a balloon it'll just go like that you know and I talk about how in that chapter how PT baram played that game to ruin other people's reputation and make people wonder is he really like that I guess not because I just saw this fact that contradicts it so I'm giving you some very evil ma valan advice out there if
跟我解释清楚你是怎么从那个立场走到这个立场的,而且别超出我们大家都有的那个容忍度,别让人觉得“这也太过了吧”。我更新了看法,我以前支持这个,现在反对那个。嗯,是啊,我真的经常在想声誉的价值。还有一点是,永远不要让别人来定义你的声誉。你知道,任由那种真空渗进来,你就失去了对自己声誉的掌控权,别人就可以来贬低它。另一方面,如果你是个很马基雅维利的人,那就去戳破你敌人声誉上的漏洞,你就能摧毁他们。把那些和他声誉不一致的事情抖出来,他就完了,就像戳破一个气球,砰的一下就没了。我在那一章里讲过 P.T. 巴纳姆是怎么玩这套把戏去毁掉别人的声誉的,让大家开始怀疑:他真是那样的人吗?我猜不是吧,因为我刚看到一个与之矛盾的事实。所以我这是在给你们一些非常邪恶的马基雅维利式建议。如果你有敌人,最损的
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42:06
you have enemies one of the meanest things I'm not a mean person I don't like being mean sure it's true but I spent a Thousand Nights on the front door of nightclubs with drunk people so you need a few defense mechanisms and what you realize especially when people have had alcohol is that people fall into only a small number of buets and behavior usually pretty predictable and one of the things that we realized as kind of a script that we could run when somebody was getting a little bit mouthy remembering that were flanked by big British gorillas right you've got door staff all around you no not me I was I was the guy that I was the dude in the skinny jeans with the clipboard I had the I had you know six foot six dudes with leather gloves on either side of me they were give me your ID etc etc and um one of the things that used to work it was so mean but it worked so well if somebody started they'd been ejected or they hadn't been allowed into the club or something had happened we'd always say mate sorry you
招数之一……我不是个刻薄的人,我不喜欢刻薄。当然是真的,但我在夜店门口跟醉汉打过上千个夜晚的交道,所以你需要一些防御机制。你会发现,尤其是人喝了酒之后,人的行为只会落进很少的几个类型里,通常挺好预测的。我们发现有一套可以直接照着用的话术,当有人开始有点嘴碎的时候——记住我们两边都站着大块头的英国壮汉。对,你周围都是保安。不不是我,我是那个……我是那个穿紧身牛仔裤、拿着记事板的人。我两边站着一米九几、戴着皮手套的壮汉,他们负责说“把证件给我”之类的。有一招以前特别管用,虽然特别损,但效果好得离谱:如果有人开始闹,他被赶出来了,或者没让进场,或者出了什么事,我们就总会说:兄弟,抱歉,你
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43:04
need to get away from me your breath stinks and it's completely unfalsifiable Because unless someone's going to come over and smell it they can't say no it doesn't and it just immediately enters this person into this it you just watch the color drain from them so yeah I uh oddly breath apparently hosis is reputation as well or or just body odor yep that's great any smell it's just it's so I'm going to remember remember that it's really good it's really I your breath stinks I need to just can you give me a little bit of room oh it's just used to pull people apart in other the news this episode is brought to you by element for the last three years now I have started my morning every single day with element it is a tasty electrolyte drink mix with everything that you need and nothing that you don't each grab and go stick pack contains a science-backed electrolyte ratio of sodium potassium and magnesium with no sugar no coloring no artificial ingredients or any other junk sodium plays a critical role in reducing muscle
得离我远点,你嘴里有味儿。这话完全无法证伪,因为除非有人凑过来闻一下,否则他没法说“不,我没有”。这话一出口,对方立刻就被拉进那种状态里,你就眼看着他脸上血色褪下去。所以说,很奇怪,口气居然也算是声誉的一部分,或者说体味也是。对,太妙了,任何气味都行。这实在是……我要把这招记下来,真的太好用了,真的。“你嘴里有味儿,我需要……你能离我稍微远一点吗”——以前就是靠这个把人劝退的。其他消息方面:本期节目由 Element 赞助。过去三年,我每天早上都是从 Element 开始的。它是一款很好喝的电解质冲剂,该有的都有,不该有的一样没有。每一条随手带走的独立包装里都含有有科学依据的钠、钾、镁配比,不含糖、不含色素、不含人工成分,也没有其他乱七八糟的东西。钠在减少肌肉痉挛和疲劳方面起着关键作用,同时还能优化大脑健康、调节食欲、
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08不可替代性:拥抱你的怪异
44:01
cramps and fatigue while optimizing brain health regulating appetite and curbing Cravings I keep hopping on about it because I can feel the difference you should give it a try and see how you feel as well best of all there is a no questions asked refund policy with an unlimited duration so you can buy it for as long as you want try it all and if you do not like it for any reason they'll give you your money back and you don't even need to return the box that's how confident they are that you love it right now you can get a free sample pack of all eight flavors of your Box by going to the link in the description below or heading to drink LM n.com slod wisdom that's drink LM nt.com modern wisdom always stick to what makes you weird odd strange different that's your source of power which is similar to occupy your Niche embrace your strangeness identify What Makes You Different fuse those things together and become an anomaly yeah well um you know uh in this world if if you're replaceable you will be
抑制嘴馋。我一直念叨它,是因为我真的能感觉到差别。你也该试试,看看自己感觉如何。最棒的是,他们有无条件退款政策,而且没有时间限制,所以你买了之后想放多久都行,全部试完,如果因为任何原因你不喜欢,他们都会把钱退给你,而且你连盒子都不用寄回去——他们就是这么有信心你会喜欢。现在你可以免费拿到一份包含全部八种口味的试用装,点击下方简介里的链接,或者访问 drinkLMNT.com/modernwisdom,也就是 drinkLMNT.com/modernwisdom。永远坚持那些让你显得古怪、奇怪、与众不同的东西,那是你力量的来源。这跟“占据你的小众领域”是一个意思:拥抱你的奇怪之处,找出让你与众不同的地方,把它们融合起来,成为一个异类。对,是啊。你知道,在这个世界上,如果你是可替代的,你就一定会被替代。所以如果你在你的工作里,
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45:07
replaced right so if you're in your job you're in your 20s and you're doing something that other people could do by the time you become 28 they can hire somebody 24 when they hired you but for less money they will do that right away it's a brutal world so if you're replaceable you will be replaced so the only defense about that against that is to be irreplaceable in this world and the good news is that you are at at your core Irreplaceable there is something strange and weird about you once again I hate to say it but it's a chapter that I'm writing right now for my my Sublime book okay and so and I explain in Mastery where that comes from biologically your DNA how you are marked as a unique individual at Birth the combination of variant in your chromosomes is mathematically impossible for it to ever be replicated yes the variations are marginal the differences aren't great between you and me but those little differences are the differences between me liking this kind of hip-hop music and
你二十几岁,做的是别人也能做的事情,那等你到了28岁,他们就可以雇有个24岁的人,愿意用更低的薪水干你被雇来干的活,他们会立刻这么做,这是个残酷的世界,所以如果你是可被替代的,你就会被替代,所以唯一的防御就是让自己在这个世界上不可替代,而好消息是,你的内核本来就是不可替代的,你身上有某种古怪、奇特的东西,我又要说这句话了,我其实不太想这么说,但这正是我现在为我那本 Sublime 的书写的一章,好,我在《权力的精进》(Mastery)里也解释过这在生物学上从何而来——你的DNA,你在出生时如何被标记为一个独一无二的个体,你染色体里那些变异的组合,在数学上根本不可能被复制,没错,这些差异是很微小的,你我之间的不同并不大,但正是这些细小的差别,造就了我喜欢这一类嘻哈音乐,而
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46:16
you liking a different kind of hip-hop music right it creates your inclinations that creates your tastes and so what the game of life is involves is knowing your uniqueness is knowing who you are is knowing what makes you weird and What Makes You odd okay and the problem is is that we're social animals and the pressure continually honest is to fit into a group is to be like other people to have their ideas to have their values to have their tastes to dress like them okay and that happens when you're young you're in your adolescence we all go through that phase I went through that phase but if you keep on that track when you're in your 20s and on which is happening a lot today through social media you're going to lose that sense of what makes you odd and different I compare it to a voice when you're very young that little voice in you is going Robert you should be a writer Chris you should be a blah blah blah blah blah I don't know what it is right it's telling you something and as you get older you don't hear it
你喜欢另一类嘻哈音乐,对吧,它塑造了你的倾向,塑造了你的品味,所以人生这场游戏所包含的,就是认识你的独特性,认识你是谁,认识是什么让你显得怪、让你显得与众不同,好,问题在于我们是群居动物,那种压力持续不断地推着你去融入一个群体,去和别人一样,去接受他们的想法、他们的价值观、他们的品味,穿得和他们一样,好,这在你年轻时就会发生,你在青春期,我们都经历过那个阶段,我也经历过,但如果你一直沿着那条路走下去,到了二十多岁还这样——今天因为社交媒体,这种情况非常普遍——你就会失去对自己独特和与众不同之处的感觉。我把它比作一个声音,你很小的时候,心里那个小声音会说:罗伯特,你应该当个作家;克里斯,你应该去做某某某,我不知道具体是什么,对吧,它在告诉你一些事,可随着年龄增长,你就再也听不见它了,因为你听到的全是别的声音,你听到的是你
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47:30
anymore because you're hearing all the other you're hearing your voices if your parents the teachers the culture around you your peers your friends telling you this is what's cool this is what's not cool and that little voice comes completely drowned out and so you don't know who you are anymore and you're afraid particularly young people today I mean maybe it's always been that way are so afraid of being different they're so afraid of being odd but look look at all the powerful people in this world look at your Elon Musk look at your celebrities in in entertainment in business and politics they're oneof a kind they they have like you I hate that word but it's like a brand they're different they stand out for something that's truly different you know even Albert Einstein there's nobody else like Einstein there's nobody like Da Vinci okay that's where your power lies and you'll go oh but Robert those are people that were brilliant that were talented I'm not like that I don't have that well
父母的、老师的、周围文化的、同龄人的、朋友的声音,告诉你什么是酷的、什么是不酷的,那个小声音就被彻底淹没了,于是你不再知道自己是谁,你会害怕,尤其是今天的年轻人,我是说,也许一直都是这样,他们太害怕与众不同了,太害怕显得古怪,但你看看这个世界上所有有影响力的人,看看埃隆·马斯克,看看娱乐圈、商界、政界的那些名人,他们都是独一无二的,他们有一种——我讨厌这个词——像是个人品牌,他们不一样,他们因为某种真正与众不同的东西而脱颖而出,你知道,连阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦也是,没有第二个爱因斯坦,没有第二个达·芬奇,好,你的力量就在那里。你会说,可是罗伯特,那些人是天才,他们有天赋,我不是那样的人,我没有那种东西。扯淡,你有,只是你——你忘了它,
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48:30
[ __ ] you do have that it's just you you're it's you're not you're forgetting about it and you don't want to put the effort into it I talked in Mastery of a woman named Temple grandon who is born with severe severe autism and she was able to find her way to become a very brilliant Professor academic writer and about animals animal behavior and about autism itself she found her way to it when she couldn't when she was three or four she couldn't even speak any language she was going to be hospitalized you have that potential it's just you're not putting the effort into you were lazy you want to fit into the group you want to conform because it's easy but your oddness what makes you weird What Makes You Different that little strange quirk in how you want to dress yourself that little strange quirk in your musical tastes that little quirk in the food that you like to eat that is who you are those are signs from deep within from your core from your soul there that this is who you are and if you lose that not
你不愿意为它付出努力。我在《权力的精进》里讲过一个叫坦普尔·葛兰汀的女性,她生来就患有极其严重的自闭症,而她硬是走出了一条路,成为一位非常出色的教授、学者、作家,研究动物、动物行为,以及自闭症本身。她找到了自己的路,而她三四岁的时候甚至一句话都不会说,差点被送进精神病院。你也有那种潜能,只是你没有为之付出努力,你懒惰,你想融入群体,你想随大流,因为那样容易。但你的古怪,那些让你显得奇特、与众不同的东西,你想怎么穿衣服的那点小怪癖,你音乐品味里的那点小怪癖,你爱吃什么东西的那点小怪癖,那才是真正的你,那些是来自内心深处、来自你的内核、来自你灵魂的信号,告诉你你是谁。如果你失去了它,你不仅在人生中
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49:39
only are you not going to be successful in life you will also Lose Yourself and you will be Mis you'll be unhappy you'll be UNF you'll be alienated from who you are and you can get away with that when you're young because you're happy you look good you've got energy things are going right you get into your 30s and you're like everybody else and you don't know who you are and you don't know what you like anymore you just following the trends you start to get depressed and you start going down this this rabbit hole and things can turn really ugly so you need a bit of courage in life you need to go okay I am weird I am strange you know lean into it so um when I had the 48 law of power when it first when I first wrote the book um without it being published yet it was a very Strang looking book and it reflects my own strangeness things on the margins stories everything broken up images quotes here and there it's kind of how my brain is a hodge podge kind of a mess really and the Publishers they bought the book but then
不会成功,你还会失去自己,你会痛苦,你会不快乐,你会跟真正的自己疏离。年轻时你还能蒙混过关,因为你开心,长得好看,精力充沛,一切都顺风顺水;等你到了三十多岁,你和所有人一样,你不知道自己是谁,也不知道自己还喜欢什么,你只是跟着潮流走,你开始变得抑郁,开始掉进这个兔子洞,事情会变得非常糟糕。所以人生需要一点勇气,你得对自己说:好吧,我就是怪,我就是奇特,你知道,坦然接受它。所以,当我写《权力的48条法则》的时候,最初我刚写完那本书,还没出版,那是一本看上去非常奇怪的书,它反映了我自己的古怪——页边空白处的批注、故事、整个内容都是被打散的,图像、引语散落各处,有点像我的大脑,一个大杂烩,其实挺乱的。而出版社买下了这本书,但后来他们又回过头来跟我们说:罗伯特,你能不能把它改得
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50:53
they came back to us and they said Robert can you kind of maybe make this more like other books can you get rid of all those sections and everything and I said no take it or leave it this is the book as it is it's odd it's strange they didn't like that because if it doesn't fit into all the other books that I've had successful it's too big of a risk if this movie isn't like the movies that were made last year who knows we'll go see it people are so conservative but because it was odd it stood out and it was successful if I had succumbed and I compromised and made it more like other books I wouldn't be here talking to you so sometimes you need a little bit of koness you need a little bit of courage and you to stand up and say I'm okay being different it's fascinating that lots of people maybe most people want to be extraordinary in some way but also don't want to stand out that in a way that allows them to be mocked but you know the latter is the price of the former you can't behave the way that
更像别的书?能不能把那些板块之类的都去掉?我说:不行,要么就这样,要么就算了,这本书就是这样,它就是怪,它就是奇特。他们不喜欢这样,因为如果它跟他们以前做成功的那些书都不一样,风险就太大了。要是这部电影跟去年拍的那些电影不一样,谁知道观众会不会去看呢?人都太保守了。但正因为它怪,它才显眼,它才成功了。如果我当初妥协了、让步了,把它改得更像别的书,我今天就不会坐在这儿跟你聊天了。所以有时候你需要一点怪气,需要一点勇气,站出来说:我可以接受自己与众不同。很有意思的是,很多人、也许大多数人都想在某方面出类拔萃,但又不想以一种可能被人嘲笑的方式显眼,可你知道,后者正是前者的代价。你不可能跟所有人行为一样,却指望得到跟所有人
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51:54
everybody else does and expect to not get the results that everybody else gets it's like I think about regressing to a mean that doesn't exist uh you know that everybody is idiosyncratic and unusual in their their own way and we're all imagining this sort of odd 50th percentile Avatar that is the most acceptable but when we think about why we love the people that we love we don't love them for how average they are no one's ever said do you know what it is I'm just boted with how predictable all of her opinions are no one's ever said that we love people for their eent eccentricities and uh a friend George has the idea of non-fungible people like non-fungible tokens that it's un Irreplaceable there is nobody else like them yeah yeah yeah uh if you think about your favorite memories from your favorite people it's not from the things that are easily replaceable it's from the fact that they were just obsessed with football and when the football was on the TV you could talk to them and they wouldn't even turn to you or it was
不一样的结果。这就像是在向一个根本不存在的平均值回归,你知道,每个人都是以自己的方式特立独行、与众不同的,而我们都在想象某种奇怪的、第50百分位的化身,以为那才是最容易被接受的。可当我们想想为什么会爱我们所爱的人,我们爱他们并不是因为他们有多平均。从来没有人说过:你知道吗,她的每个观点都可预测得让我着迷。从来没有人这么说过。我们爱一个人,爱的是他们的古怪之处。我有个朋友乔治提出过“不可替代的人”这个说法,就像NFT(非同质化代币)一样,他们是不可替代的,没有第二个人跟他们一样。对对对。你想想你对最喜欢的人最珍贵的记忆,那些记忆从来不是来自容易被替代的东西,而是来自——他们就是痴迷足球,电视上一放球赛,你跟他们说话,他们连头都不会转过来;或者是
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52:54
the fact that they hated violence or they love dogs every dog walked into the room and they would be gone they would be away that's what we love people for and my favorite uh strange person from history Salvador Daly and I would take it one step further you said you kind of have this it's it's advantageous and also uh psychologically healthy for you to embrace who you are fully I actually think in some ways it's a maybe I would go as far as to say that it is our duty to humanity I think it's yeah our duty to embrace the things that only you can do yeah well in um in nature um the diversity of species in a habitat make it vital make it alive make it sustainable and that comes from mutations in the genetic code some insect has a mutation and therefore a whole new species a whole new thing splinters off from that and it creates variety well in human culture is like a habitat in a way um so you marked with uniqueness by your genetic code insects don't really have individuality we have individuality and
他们憎恨暴力,或者他们爱狗,只要有狗走进房间,他们整个人就没了,就飞走了。这才是我们爱一个人的理由。而我最喜欢的历史上的怪人是萨尔瓦多·达利。我还想再往前推一步:你刚才说的这个,它既是一种优势,对你的心理健康也有好处要完全接纳真实的自己。我其实觉得,某种程度上说,我甚至想说这是我们的一种责任——对人类的责任。我觉得,对,去拥抱那些只有你才能做到的事,这是我们的责任。是啊,在大自然里,一个栖息地中物种的多样性让它充满生机、充满活力、可以持续下去,而这来自基因编码的突变。某只昆虫发生了突变,于是一个全新的物种、一个全新的东西就从中分化出来,由此产生了多样性。而人类文化其实也像是一个栖息地,某种意义上是这样。所以你的基因编码给你打上了独特性的印记。昆虫其实没有个体性,而我们有个体性,
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54:07
they are like mutations and so your mutation your difference you being Chris is for a purpose you marked that way because by mining your uniqueness your weirdness your oddness your little quirky tastes you're going to contribute something new to the culture and contributing something new to the culture you enrich it you keep it turning around and round and around cultures in the past that die on the vine don't have any variety you know you can look at like the Soviet Union at its most uh you know decadent or when it was really at its worst phase like in 70s and 80s there's no change there's no variety early on there was all sorts of weird different voices they ended up getting imprisoned and murdered okay but a culture has to have variety it has to have a diversity of voices like a gene pool or an immune system yeah and so you by being odd you're contributing to that you're contributing to the culture by not doing that you're not contributing at all and that's a real waste of what nature gave you I
我们就像是那些突变。所以你的突变、你的与众不同、你之所以是 Chris,是有意义的,你被这样标记出来,是因为通过挖掘你的独特、你的古怪、你的另类、你那些稀奇的小癖好,你将会贡献出一些文化里全新的东西。而贡献出新的东西,你就丰富了这种文化,让它不断地转动、循环、生长。过去那些枯死在藤上的文化,都是没有多样性的。你看看苏联,在它最腐朽的时候,或者说它真正最糟糕的阶段,比如七八十年代,没有任何变化,没有任何多样性。早期其实有各种各样奇特而不同的声音,但那些人最后被关进监狱、被杀害了。总之,一种文化必须有多样性,必须有声音的多元,就像基因库或免疫系统一样。所以你的古怪,其实是在为此做贡献,是在为文化做贡献。而不这么做,你就完全没有贡献,这是对大自然给你的东西的巨大浪费。我总是会想到达利,我花了不少时间研究他,
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55:14
always think again about Dolly I spent quite a bit of time researching him and I think as brilliant as they were Michelangelo didn't do Dolly d Vinci didn't do dolly in fact there's that uh famous job application that Da Vinci sends I think to the king of Italy and da Vinci is sort of listing all of the different things that he can do I can make machines for war and a trebuchet and a blah blah blah the final paragraph he writes the sentence also I can paint I I always think about also I can paint what is the also I can paint that I don't see in myself what are the things that my friends really value perfect example the guy that I was talking about earlier on George I um I've been learning a little bit about myself and I I discovered over the last year that I'm a people pleaser in some regard and I was lamenting this to him over Christmas as we were driving to go and get food and I sort of brought up something I'd done with him which was sort of being overly cautious that I I would have done something that would
我觉得,尽管米开朗基罗和达·芬奇都极其了不起,但米开朗基罗成不了达利,达·芬奇也成不了达利。其实达·芬奇有一封很有名的求职信,我记得是写给意大利某位君主的,他在信里列举了自己能做的各种事情:我能制造战争机器、投石机等等等等。到最后一段,他写了一句:另外,我还会画画。我常常在想那句「另外,我还会画画」——在我自己身上,那个我看不见的「另外我还会画画」是什么?有哪些东西是我的朋友们真正看重的?一个完美的例子就是我之前提到的那个人,George。我最近对自己有了一些新的认识,过去一年我发现自己在某种程度上是个「讨好型人格」。圣诞节的时候我跟他抱怨这件事,当时我们正开车去买吃的。我提起了一件我跟他之间的事,就是我有点过度小心,担心自己做的某件事会惹他不高兴,或者以某种方式
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56:15
have annoyed him or or or or stepped on his toes in in some Manner and uh he said I just want to sort of stop you there because I'm aware that to you you've been able to frame that is people pleasing in this thing that is malignant and you want to get rid of but to me that's you thinking about me first which is actually one of the things that makes me love you as a friend so be very careful sort of labeling areas creating an unnecessary value judgment and I think getting in getting another perspective and that that really gave me pause I just thought yeah I'm so agreeable with all of these things and I hate disappointing people and I think that other people's emotional states are my responsibility and so on and so forth and then I bring it up to a friend and he says yeah that's why I love you yeah and uh was interesting yeah I mean um it's good to have a little bit of control over something so if in certain situations sometimes it's good to be able to not be so pleasing because I'm a people pleaser too it's my nature so I
冒犯到他。然后他说,我想在这里打断你一下,因为我意识到,在你看来你把这件事定义成了「讨好型人格」,当成一种恶性的、想要摆脱的东西;但对我来说,那是你先为我着想,而这恰恰是我作为朋友爱你的原因之一。所以要非常小心地给某些方面贴标签、下没必要的价值判断。我觉得换个视角、听听别人怎么看,真的让我停下来反思了。我原本一直想:是啊,我这么随和,什么都好说,我讨厌让人失望,我总觉得别人的情绪状态是我的责任,诸如此类。结果我跟朋友一提,他说:对啊,这正是我爱你的地方。挺有意思的。是啊,我是说,对某件事有一点掌控力是好事。所以在某些情境下,能做到不那么讨好别人是有好处的,因为我也是个讨好型人格,这是我的天性,所以我
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57:17
understand that and sometimes you have the feeling that it's not coming from the right place correct you're not choosing to you're obligated to by nature and you're feeling a little bit of fear involved in it y fear of displeasing a fear of rejection a fear of being different um and it could probably goes back to Childhood and to my parents we probably have similar parental uh Dynamics um so but what's good about what you're saying is and I completely agree and I wrote about this I think in human nature is that you have this quality you can't really control it it's who you are you know it's either genetic or it comes from those first couple of years with your mother or father so make it work for you find the way that it's a strength and see it as a strength and use it and don't have second thoughts about it use it for power right and don't be so conflicted about it it's all how you look at it and there's a reason why you're a people pleaser and you can if you weren't a people pleas you wouldn't be doing podcasting you'd be
完全理解。有时候你会有一种感觉,觉得它不是出自一个对的地方。没错,你不是主动选择这么做,而是被天性所迫,而且其中还夹杂着一点恐惧——害怕惹人不快、害怕被拒绝、害怕与众不同。这可能要追溯到童年、追溯到父母身上,我们大概有相似的亲子关系模式。不过你说的这点很好,我完全同意,我在《人性的法则》里也写过这个:你身上有这种特质,你其实控制不了它,它就是你这个人。要么是基因决定的,要么来自你和父母相处的最初那几年。所以不如让它为你所用,找到它成为优势的方式,把它当成一种力量,去使用它,别为此犹豫不决,把它变成你的力量。别对它那么纠结,这全看你怎么看待它。你成为讨好型人格是有原因的,而且如果你不是讨好型人格,你根本不会做播客,你会是那种混蛋。——我根本不会答应上播客。对吧。所以问题只是在于,在某些
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58:24
this [ __ ] I would never have agreed podcast right so um it's just that in moments you wish you could control it on kind of like the grass is greener thing that we were talking about before we got started you know this assumption that the thing you don't have is more valuable than the one that you do or that things would be fixed if only you could have that but what else comes along for the ride you know if you got rid of your people pleasing nature what are the little parasites that your lack of people pleasingness would also have attached to it are you sure are you really sure that that's the thing that you want exactly yeah well that's where it comes down to um knowing yourself and knowing what makes you different and knowing these are things you can't really change so um my wanting to be a writer or Tiger Woods wanting to be a golfer when he's like two years old there's probably some genetic component in it and maybe there's some early bonding but there's probably a genetic component to
时刻你希望自己能控制它。这有点像我们开始录之前聊到的「别人家的草更绿」——那种假设:你没有的东西比你已有的更有价值,或者只要你能拥有那样东西,一切问题就都解决了。但随之而来的还有什么呢?如果你把自己讨好型的天性去掉了,那些依附在「不讨好别人」上的小寄生虫又是什么?你确定吗?你真的确定那是你想要的吗?完全正确。是啊,这就归结到了解自己,了解是什么让你与众不同,并且明白有些东西你其实改变不了。比如我想当作家,或者老虎伍兹想当高尔夫球手,在他大概两岁的时候,这里面大概率有基因的成分,也许还有早期亲子依恋的作用,但多半是有基因成分的。你控制不了它,那就是你。而也许正因为你控制不了它,
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59:30
it you can't control it it's who you are and maybe that you can't control it is a good thing and maybe it's there for a reason and maybe if you wanted to do something else that wouldn't work out so my knowing that I wanted to be a writer instead of you know a businessman or a lawyer like my parents wanted to be probably saved my life to be honest with you you so knowing what makes you different is kind of going to guide you past these these dangerous moments in life to and and make you want to do to change who you are because you feel pressure social pressure to change who you are yeah to regress to this imaginary mean yeah two um elements I think of me that are genetically predisposed or uh at least very deeply embedded um the first one is I've always liked to talk and ask questions and as a child uh I always used to get in trouble in school because unfortunately my voice appears to carry further than everybody else's so even though the naughty kids would be genuinely being naughty poking
这才是件好事,也许它的存在自有其道理,也许你要是想做别的事根本就成不了。所以我清楚地知道自己想当作家,而不是像我父母希望的那样去经商或当律师,说实话,这大概救了我的命。所以,知道是什么让你与众不同,会引导你越过人生中那些危险的时刻,那些会让你想改变自己的时刻,因为你会感到压力,社会压力,逼你改变自己。是啊,逼你退回到某种想象中的平均值。我觉得我身上有两个由基因决定、或者至少埋得非常深的特质。第一个是,我一直喜欢说话、喜欢提问。小时候我在学校总是惹麻烦,因为很不幸,我的声音好像比别人传得都远。所以就算那些调皮的孩子是真的在捣乱,拿破量角器之类的东西戳别人,
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1:00:46
other people with [ __ ] protractors or something I would be the one that was heard even though I wasn't misbehaving as much I would be the one that was heard you being nosy you know children should be seen and not heard you stop being so no why you asking all of these questions would be one of them and the other one is Solitude I'm an only child I spent a lot of time listening to audio books in my room playing with toys on my own throwing a ball off the wall and seeing if I could kick it off that wall and then catching it hours hours and hours and hours I didn't have anybody else didn't have anybody else to play with uh and you think well God you know this the the things that you're punished for when you're a child or the things that you think are malignant when you're a child you're often rewarded for if you can just find a way to alchemize them as an adult so I'm sure that your ability to sit and read or go to a cabin or right in your room and you nobody's come and gone and you haven't noticed and you
被听见的那个人还是我。哪怕我没他们闹得厉害,被抓到的还是我。「你怎么这么爱多管闲事」,你知道的,「小孩子应该乖乖待着别出声」,「你别那么……」,「你怎么问这么多问题」——这是其中一个特质。另一个是独处。我是独生子女,我花了大量时间待在房间里听有声书、自己一个人玩玩具、把球往墙上扔,看看能不能把它从墙上踢回来再接住,一玩就是好几个小时、好几个小时。我没有别人陪,没有别的人可以一起玩。跟……你会想,天哪,你知道吗,小时候那些让你挨罚的事,或者你小时候觉得是毛病的那些事,长大后反而常常因此得到回报——只要你能找到办法把它们点石成金。所以我敢肯定,你那种能坐下来读书、去小木屋待着、或者在自己房间里写东西的能力,别人来了又走你都没察觉——你会想,我小时候的独处也许是我曾哀叹的东西,或者我觉得那是一种弱点之类的,
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1:01:38
think well my solitude as a child was maybe something that I lamented or or that I saw as a weakness or something like that and yet it's a superpower when I become an adult if I can find the way to channel it and the same thing for the the question asking or the listening to audiobooks you know what's the 2024 internet version of an audio book it's a podcast it's what I'm doing right now uhhuh yeah yeah um and uh you know it really just comes down to um being aware of of who you are what makes you different and being comfortable with it and so you're going to have moments where you're not comfortable with it you want to conform and you want to be like other people and you know you went through that and I went through that in adolescence in particular on through the 20s you make some changes to things because you think it's cool but you keep coming back you keep coming back to being alone you keep coming back to doing throwing the ball against the wall in some metaphoric way no no no no no no
可等我长大成人,如果我能找到疏导它的方式,那就是一种超能力。同样的道理也适用于提问,或者听有声书。你知道吗,2024 年互联网版的有声书是什么?就是播客,就是我现在做的这件事。啊哈,是啊是啊。嗯,还有,你知道的,这真的归根结底就是——意识到你是谁、是什么让你与众不同,并且能坦然接受它。当然你也会有不那么坦然的时候,你想随大流,你想跟别人一样,你知道,你经历过那个阶段,我也经历过,尤其是在青春期,一直延续到二十几岁。你会因为觉得某些东西很酷而做出一些改变,但你总会回来,你总会回到独处这件事上,你总会回到用某种隐喻的方式把球扔向墙壁那件事上。不不不不不不,
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1:02:45
I'm I kid you not the way that I like to relax now in between sessions of work I get a tennis ball and throw it against the wall it's the most bizarre thing I I had the same thing but I uh because I'm American mine was baseball and I I had a ball and I'd throw it against the garage door and I would play all these different games with with my glove on and I would catch it and and I would imitate the crowd cheering me and I had this was a home run this was C you know and if I had if I could do it today I still would so I understand that but you come back to these things because they're so strong in you yeah and you can't help it and they give you relief and they give you comfort and they Who You Are and so it all comes down to do you come back to these things or do you change because of the pressures of other people and what is the difference why are some people like that and some people are not and that's the million-dollar question because swimming upstream or swimming Downstream is working against or working
我不是开玩笑,我现在工作间隙放松的方式,就是拿一个网球扔向墙壁。这真是再离奇不过了。我也有一模一样的习惯,不过因为我是美国人,我玩的是棒球。我有一个球,我会把它扔向车库门,戴着我的手套玩各种各样的游戏,我会把球接住,然后我会模仿观众为我欢呼,我当时觉得这就是一记全垒打,这就是C,你懂的,如果我今天还能这么做,我还是会做,所以我理解那种感觉。但你会一次次回到这些事情上,因为它们在你心里太强烈了,是啊,而且你控制不住,它们让你放松,让你安心,它们就是你这个人。所以归根结底就是:你到底是回到这些事情上,还是因为别人给的压力而改变。区别究竟在哪儿?为什么有些人是那样,而有些人就不是。这就是那个价值百万的问题,因为逆流而上还是顺流而下,区别就在于你是在跟自己的天性对着干,还是在顺着自己的天性走。是啊,就是想办法让天性为你所用,而不是
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1:03:45
with your nature yeah and trying to find a way to make it work for you as opposed to trying to change it so that you can find a way to make it work yeah makes a lot of sense Shan Puri who does my first million very very smart guy I remember one of the first conversations I ever had with him on Zoom he had a sort of small leather black basketball uh in his hand and we were just talking and he was a little bit further back in his desk and he was tossing it like this and rolling it along the desk and sort of throw it in the air like what R so it wasn't like we were writing anything it was a casual conversation between friends I said what what are you doing he says oh I grew up playing basketball I'm happiest with a ball in my hand yeah and I thought holy [ __ ] that's every time that I go to the park it there's a tennis ball that's now mine for the rest of it and I'll bounce it in my hands until we finish up and then I'll you know the tennis ball charity pool that it goes back it goes back into the park and I thought holy
试图去改变它、好让自己找到办法让它奏效。是啊,这很有道理。Shan Puri,就是和我一起做 My FirstMillion 的那位,非常非常聪明的人。我记得我跟他在 Zoom 上最早的那几次对话,他当时有一种手里拿着一个黑色的小皮篮球,我们当时就在聊天,他的位置比办公桌稍微靠后一点,然后他就这样抛着球,在桌上滚来滚去,还时不时往空中一扔,就那种感觉,所以并不是说我们在写什么东西,那就是朋友之间随意聊天。我问他,你在干嘛?他说,哦,我从小打篮球长大的,手里有个球我最开心。是啊,我当时就想,我靠,这不就是我每次去公园的样子嘛,那儿有个网球,接下来的时间它就归我了,我会一直在手里拍着,直到我们结束,然后我会,你懂的,那个网球属于公益球池,它会回去,回到公园里。我就想,我
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1:04:37
[ __ ] so I I came up with a name for that which is a a weirdness role model and it's somebody who does a thing that sort of breaks the ceiling on what you thought was acceptable behavior you've seen this guy do a thing and you go oh my God like maybe I could have a ball on my desk maybe I could have a tennis ball or a cricket ball on my desk and that means that I can because I've seen this guy do it and it's it's a weirdo role model or a weirdness role model yeah yeah well uh I think we all need that in our life um people who were different I remember in in high school I had an English teacher who kind of changed the course of my life and um he was very weird he was very different his way of thinking was different and how he talked about writing and literature was very odd and I other students hated him he and I thought he was just fantastic so it's kind of interesting what you said that was a role model I could see and he was just a high school teacher so it wasn't like a career path for him but I could
靠。所以我给这种情况起了个名字,叫做"怪癖榜样",就是指那种做某件事的人,某种程度上有点像是打破了你原本以为的行为得体的天花板。你看到这个人做了某件事,然后你想,我的天哪,比如说也许我可以在办公桌上放个球,也许我可以在桌上放个网球或者板球,那就意味着我也可以这么做,因为我见过这个人这么干。这算是一种怪咖榜样,或者说是'怪'的榜样,对吧对,没错。我觉得我们生活中都需要这样的人,那些与众不同的人。我记得高中时我有位英语老师,他多少改变了我人生的轨迹。他非常古怪,非常与众不同,他的思维方式很不一样,他谈论写作和文学的方式很奇特。其他学生都讨厌他,但我觉得他棒极了。所以你刚才说的那点挺有意思的,他是我能看得见的榜样。他只是个高中老师,所以对他来说这并不算什么职业上的晋升之路,但我能看出拥有那种特质是很好的特质,我被它吸引了
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1:05:38
see that having that kind of quality was a good quality and I was attracted to it traveling should be about the journey not the chaos of packing which is why I have been using nomatic backpack and Carry On Pro for over a year now this thing is the best backpack on the planet I did an entire month on tour on just hand luggage alone it's like the Swiss army knife of travel pack they've got pockets for your laptop your clothes your snacks it is so well organized that even your toothbrush feels important and the amount of thought that they' put into every pouch and zipper is incredible it's beautifully designed it's not over engineered and it will literally last you a lifetime with that lifetime guarantee so this is the final backpack that you will ever buy plus they also offer international shipping free shipping on orders over $49 in the United States and if you don't like it for any reason you can return or exchange it within 30 days so you can buy it completely risk-free fill it with all of your possessions and if you don't
旅行应该是关于旅程本身,而不是收拾行李的兵荒马乱。所以我这一年多来一直在用 Nomatic 的背包和Carry On Pro。这东西是这个星球上最好的背包。我整整一个月的巡演只带了手提行李。它就像旅行界的瑞士军刀,有放笔记本电脑的口袋、放衣服的、放零食的,收纳做得太好了,好到连你的牙刷都觉得自己很重要。他们在每一个小袋和拉链上花的心思令人难以置信。设计得非常漂亮,又不会过度设计,而且凭借终身保修,它真的可以陪你一辈子。所以这是你这辈子要买的最后一个背包。另外他们还提供国际配送,在美国订单满 49 美元免运费。如果你因为任何原因不喜欢,都可以在 30 天内退货或换货,所以你可以完全零风险地购买,把你所有的家当都塞进去,如果你不
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09压力、截止期限与爱迪生
1:06:33
like it they'll give you your money back right now you can get a 20% discount by going to the link in the description below or heading to Nom matic.com wisdom using the code mw20 a checkout that's Nom matic.com wisdom and mw20 a checkout you are Your Own Worst Enemy you waste precious time dreaming of the future instead of engaging in the present since nothing seems urgent to you you're only half involved in what you do yeah um well I like to think of uh who the the human animal is I like to take this out of the little specific and go into the meta area here and um what it meant to be human we're very creative species right we have language we have Consciousness we have immense Powers those Powers developed under the pressures of necessity of having to get things done of having to survive in a very brutal ruthless world where a leopard could pop out tomorrow and and eat me where there were dangers all around where there was food was scarce and under the pressure we had to think we had to be creative we had to be
喜欢,他们会把钱退给你。现在你可以通过下方简介里的链接,或者访问Nomatic.com/wisdom 并在结账时使用优惠码 mw20,获得 20% 的折扣。再说一遍,Nomatic.com/wisdom,结账时用 mw20'你是你自己最大的敌人。你浪费宝贵的时间幻想未来,而不是投入当下。因为在你看来没有什么事是紧急的,所以你做任何事都只投入了一半。'是的,嗯,我喜欢从'人这种动物'的角度来思考。我喜欢跳出具体的细节,进入更宏观的层面。身为人类意味着什么?我们是非常有创造力的物种,对吧?我们有语言,有意识,我们拥有巨大的力量。而这些力量是在必要性的压力下发展起来的——你必须把事情做成,必须在一个极其残酷无情的世界里活下来,在那里明天可能会突然窜出一只豹子把我吃掉,危险无处不在,食物匮乏。在压力之下,我们不得不思考,不得不有创造力,不得不善于发明,不得不有策略。人类的大脑就是在巨大的
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1:07:52
inventive we had to be strategic the human brain brain evolved under immense amounts of pressure okay that's how the brain works and I almost like to think of it in terms of barometric pressure so in your brain when you're feeling that barometric pressure it's like I got to get this done or I'm going to fail and I'm not this project won't happen and and people will laugh at me you work like a fiend energy your whole body responds right your blood gets moving you you accomplish things that would normally take you months you do it in days because you feel that pressure you take away that pressure and you don't know what to do and I've got like three years I could do this or that another you just wander around you're lost you have no energy you have no Focus you know you're maybe playing video games maybe you're watching porn you're kind of distracting yourself in the moment but it's but your energy is just being being dissipated in like 20 different directions so your brain needs pressure
压力下进化出来的。好吧,大脑就是这么运作的。我几乎喜欢用气压来理解这件事。所以当你在大脑里感受到那种气压时,就像是:我必须把这事做完,否则我就完了,这个项目就黄了,人家会笑话我。于是你像着了魔一样地拼命工作,你整个身体都在响应,血液开始流动,你完成了原本要花几个月才能完成的事情,你几天就做完了,因为你感受到了那种压力。你把那种压力拿掉,你就不知道该干什么了。心想'我还有三年呢,我可以做这个或者那个',然后你就只是四处游荡…你迷失了,你没有能量,没有专注力,你可能在打电子游戏,可能在看色情片,你有点在分散自己的注意力,就当下来说,但你的能量就这样被分散到二十个不同的方向去了,所以你的大脑需要压力
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1:09:01
it needs constant pressure and stress and pressure is not a bad thing we have this thing where we feel like stress is bad it's bad for you bad you know you need to relax man you need to chill stress will kill you no being bored will kill you not having anything to do will keep is much more dangerous than stress yes you can work too hard you can work where there's no soul involved I work like a fiend because I'm writing a book and it's very hard process for me and I'm working far too much but man I love it it's fantastic right and it could kill me the stress could give me gave me a stroke but I'd rather die under the stress than be bored and have nothing to do okay so feeling that pressure it makes your eyes pop open it makes your brain focus it makes you a word makes you want to live it makes everything seem exciting to you because you've got to get things done so I'm writing a book right now I could take 12 years to write it but that wouldn't be very I wouldn't feel good about it so I give myself
它需要持续的压力和紧张,压力并不是坏事,我们总有这么一种观念,觉得压力是不好的,对你有害,你知道的,兄弟你得放松,你得歇一歇,压力会要了你的命——不,无聊才会要你的命,无所事事比压力危险得多。没错,你是可能工作过度,你也可能做那种完全没有灵魂投入的工作。我拼了命地工作,因为我在写一本书,而这个过程对我来说非常艰难我工作得太多太多了,但天哪我喜欢它,这太棒了,对吧?它可能会要了我的命,这种压力可能会让我中风,但我宁愿死在压力之下,也不愿无聊到无事可做。所以,感受到那种压力,它会让你眼睛一下子睁开,让你的大脑集中,让你——怎么说——让你想活着,让一切都显得令人兴奋,因为你有事情必须完成。我现在在写一本书,我大可以花十二年去写,但那不会很……我不会对自己感觉良好。所以我给自己设定截止日期,我给自己定的期限是7月31日之前写完这一章,现在
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1:10:09
deadlines I gave myself a deadline of finishing this chapter by July 31st here it's August 7th I haven't finished it but now I'm working double hard to try and finish it in time because if I didn't have a deadline I would take forever Manana Manana Manana yeah so create pressure for yourself is a good thing you know I gave a talk recently in which I talked about Thomas Edison the great inventor and Thomas Edison was a young man he's in his early 30s he had invented the photograph and a new wave for the telegraph but he wasn't hadn't really had any major inventions he had started Meno Park his industrial park for doing research we're talk about the 1870s I believe but he did something very interesting and very strange um I don't know how conscious it was but he gave an interview with a newspaper and he said I've been working on creating the incandescent light bulb now before that there was the AR light which was a light that was really powerful it used far too much energy you couldn't use it in the house the way
已经是8月7日了,我还没写完,���现在我加倍努力,想按时把它完成,因为如果我没有截止日期,我会拖到天荒地老,明天再说、明天再说、明天再说。所以给自己制造压力是件好事。我最近做过一场演讲讲到了伟大的发明家托马斯·爱迪生。当时爱迪生还年轻,三十出头,他已经发明了留声机,还有电报的新式技术,但他还没有真正做出什么重大发明。他已经建立了门洛帕克,他做研究的工业园区,我想我们说的是1870年代。但他做了一件非常有意思也非常奇怪的事。嗯,我不知道他有多少是有意识的,但他接受了一家报纸的采访,他说我一直在研究如何做出白炽灯泡。在那之前有一种弧光灯,那种灯真的很强,但耗电太多,没法在家里用。当时房子照明靠的是煤气灯,煤气
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1:11:17
houses were lit was with Gaslight gas light was dangerous was explosive and and it and the companies in America that that had a monopoly on it so the prices was very corrupt business so he goes I'm working on the incandescent light bulb reporters that's interesting yeah I'm close to I'm close to getting I'm close to nailing it wow and he goes yeah and in five years I'm going to light the entire city of New York with the incandescent light with electric light who that go crazy they published this article and the stock prices of gas start going down down down down down money flows into his coffers because the ab the cheapness of light of a light bulb the profits are just insane so money is pouring in he goes back to his Meno Park where he develops ideas and his employees who are reading about this go Mr Edison what are you thinking you had just tinkered with the incandescent light bul we're not even near inventing it we're not even near creating it and the idea of lighting New York it's it's
灯很危险,会爆炸,而且美国那些垄断煤气的公司把价格抬得很高,是个非常腐败的生意。所以他说,我正在研究白炽灯泡,记者说,有意思。是啊,我快要,我快要做成了,我快要搞定了。哇。然后他说,是啊,五年之内我要用白炽灯、用电灯点亮整个纽约市。哇,大家都疯了,他们把这篇报道登了出来,煤气公司的股价开始一路下跌、下跌、下跌,钱源源不断流进他的金库,因为灯泡的照明成本如此低廉,利润简直高得离谱。所以钱大量涌入。他回到门洛帕克,那是他钻研想法的地方,他的员工读到这篇报道后说爱迪生先生,你在想什么?你才刚刚开始摆弄白炽灯泡,我们离发明出来还差得远我们离做出来还差得远,还说什么点亮纽约,这……你到底在想什么?你是
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1:12:30
what were you thinking what were you smoking the equivalent thereof and he goes well gentlemen I said it to this major newspaper we better get to work we better make it happen what happened with all the money that came in he could now hire the people to do it but the pressure of getting that done in five years made him do it in five years it was a Monumental work of persistence and discipline and tell but he had a deadline he didn't want his reputation he didn't want to disappoint the public he had to get it done in 5 years and he did get it done in five years so he created his own pressure by using the publicity angle and people are going to expect it when's it happening has it happened yet you said it was going to have happened by now yeah yeah yeah I think uh Naval ravikant talks about how when he was at one of the first companies he ever worked for in Silicon Valley and he started telling people I'm going to start my own startup and 6 months later he was still there and everyone said I thought you were
嗑了什么吗(大概这个意思)。他说,先生们,我已经对那家大报纸这么说了,我们最好赶紧开工,我们最好让它成真。结果呢?涌进来的那些钱,让他现在可以雇到干这件事的人。但是必须在五年内完成的那种压力,让他真的在五年内做到了。那是一项不朽的坚持与自律的成果,但他有一个截止期限,他不想毁掉自己的名声,他不想让公众失望他必须在五年内做到,而他确实在五年内做到了。所以他用制造舆论的方式给自己制造了压力,人们会期待着:什么时候实现?实现了没?你说过到现在应该已经实现了啊。是啊是啊。我想起纳瓦尔·拉维坎特讲过,他在硅谷最早工作的一家公司里他开始跟人说,我要自己创业。六个月后他还在那儿所有人都说,我还以为你要自己创业呢。这就成了把他推出门的那股力量,他
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1:13:32
starting your own startup and that was the push out of the door for him he couldn't bear the expectation that he'd put not on himself only on himself but also from other people too so I suppose our um need to be socially consistent can be bad when it's maybe derating your uniqueness your idiosyncrasies and your weirdness but if you can funnel it to motivate you to go forward yeah it's the reason why you know I don't think that I would be particularly successful um being a journalist for instance uh despite the fact that I do three episodes a week for it's been four years that we've done that it's been six years the show's been going but this is because my need to not look silly in front of other humans and how much I am uh infused by the presence of others even whilst being quite introverted means that by doing a podcast I've never not shown up I've never canceled because of something that hasn't been you know justifiable reason so I don't want to look silly in front of the person I'm sat opposite if it was me in a blank
受不了那种期待——不只是他给自己的期待,还有别人给他的期待。所以我想我们那种要在社会面前保持言行一致的需求,有时是坏事,比如它可能会削弱你的独特性、你的怪癖、你的古怪但如果你能把它引导成推动你前进的动力,是的。这也是为什么,我觉得我不会特别成功,比如说去当一个记者。尽管我每周做三期节目这样已经四年了,整个节目已经做了六年,但这是因为我那种不想在别人面前出丑的需求,还有我有多么被他人的在场所激发——即便我其实相当内向——这意味着做播客的时候,我从来没有缺席过,我从来没有因为什么说不过去的理由而取消过录制。我不想在坐在我对面的人面前显得很蠢。如果只是我和一张白纸
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1:14:40
piece of paper God the motivation to do that you know every three times a week I need to come up with a new column of a thousand words that be whereas for the person who wants to just write on their own and come up with headlines and St oh guys sit down with a person again have a conversation with them and ask them questions and that's not my sort of thing um so yeah being able to use the social mores to kind of pull you to where you want to be to understand again your own yeah fallibility and and insecurities and attach those like a South and a North magnet sort of use that to pull you along yeah I always like to um to Riff on what you're saying I always like to challenge myself um so I never each book that I do I'm now on my eighth book is different from the other one right and my books take several years to write they're not like I can't put put them out in six months each one is different from the last one and I'm taking a risk because my readers are expecting Robert to write about strategy and power now he's
天哪,那种动力……你知道,每周三次要写出一篇新的、一千字的专栏,那太难了而对于那种就想自己写东西、自己想标题的人来说,反过来会觉得,哦天哪又要跟一个人坐下来聊天、问他们问题,那不是我喜欢的事。所以是的,能够利用社会的规范把你拉到你想去的地方,再一次地,理解你自己的,是的,可错性和不安全感,把它们像南极和北极的磁铁那样连起来,用它来拉着你往前走。是的,我总是喜欢顺着你说的往下延伸一点。我总是喜欢挑战自己,所以我写的每一本书——我现在写到第八本了——都跟上一本不一样。我的书要写好几年,不是那种能在六个月内就推出来的。每一本都和上一本不同,我是在冒险,因为我的读者期待罗伯特写策略和权力,结果他现在写的是精通,写诱惑,诱惑,是的,现在他又开始写崇高,他到底出了什么
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1:15:42
writing about Mastery seduction seduction yeah now he's writing about the sublime what the hell was his problem okay it's a challenge and the challenge is good because it gets my energy l levels going but if I took a challenge that was too difficult so there's a level here so I could go here and write another 48 Laws of Power would be like this it would be kind of easy I could go here and write a book on how to build a a skyscraper out of 10 I don't know whatever okay I can never write it I can never it's too big of a challenge or you know the history of all human ideas okay that would be the equivalent there okay no I kind of go here it's a challenge it's not here boring 48 Laws of Power part two it's not history of world ideas 4,000 Pages it's here it's a little bit above me it's going to get my energy going but it's not impossible and that's the that's the game of life so if Edison had said I'm going to light the entire world in five years no way New York was was a pretty he I'm I'm going
毛病?好吧,这是一种挑战,而挑战是好事,因为它能把我的能量调动起来。但如果我接下一个太难的挑战——所以这里是有层次的。我可以待在这个位置,再写一本《权力的48条法则》,大概就是这样,那会相当轻松。我也可以去那个位置,写一本书讲怎么用什么东西建一座摩天大楼,随便什么,好吧,我永远写不出来,我永远做不到,那个挑战太大了。或者,比如写一部全人类思想史,好吧,那也是一回事。不,我大概会选这里:它是个挑战,但不是这边那种无聊的《权力的48条法则》第二部,也不是四千页的世界思想史,而是这里,稍微高出我一点点,能把我的能量调动起来,但又不是不可能,这就是人生的游戏。所以如果爱迪生说我要在五年内点亮全世界,那绝不可能。全纽约当时……我我打算在50年内把纽约点亮,也对,没错,那大概更现实一些,嗯,你知道,那是一个
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1:16:55
to light New York in 50 years also yeah exactly which is probably more realistic um you know uh it was a challenge it was a pretty big challenge but it was not an impossible one we'll get back to talking to Robert in one minute but first I need to tell you about ag1 in my quest for the best greens drink on the planet I went through just about every single option and after a year of testing I found ag1 three years later I still use it every single day because it is so much more than just greens it is the most comprehensive highly tested and rigorously formulated supplement I've ever found with one single scoop of ag1 you're replacing multiple Health supplements like multivitamins digestive AIDS immune supports and more it is NSF certified meaning that even Olympic athletes can use it there is a 90-day money back guarantee so if you've heard about ag1 you're thinking about trying it you can buy it completely risk-free try it for 89 days and if you do not like it they will give you your money
挑战,是个相当大的挑战,但并非不可能。我们一分钟后继续和Robert聊,但首先我得跟你们说说AG1。为了找到这世上最好的绿粉饮品,我几乎把每一个选项都试了个遍,测试了一年之后,我找到了AG1。三年过去了,我依然每天都在喝,因为它远不只是绿粉那么简单。它是我找到过的配方最全面、检测最严格、制定最讲究的补剂,一勺AG1,就能替代多种保健补充剂,比如复合维生素、助消化产品、免疫支持等等。它通过了NSF认证,也就是说连奥运选手都能用。它还有90天退款保证,所以如果你听说过AG1,正在考虑尝试,你可以完全零风险地买下来,试用89天,如果你不喜欢,他们会把钱退给你。而且他们支持国际配送。现在你还能免费获得一份维生素D3和K2,外加五包AG1旅行装,
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10一炮而红为何是诅咒
1:17:51
back plus they ship internationally right now you can get a free Supply vitamin D3 and K2 five free ag1 travel packs plus that 90-day money back guarantee by going to the link in the description below or heading to drink a1.com modern wisdom that's drink a1.com slod wisdom it is a curse to have everything go right on your first attempt yeah uh the proverbial one hit wonders um you know uh what happens is you know there was there was a real syndrome in in Hip Hop and uh you know I talked a lot about that with 50 where um you come from we come from the hood and you've never had any kind of money and then overnight you've got you know six figures seven figures you've got women like you know Left Right Center coming to you you've got all this power and attention and celebrity and it goes to your head and you start partying and you start thinking um like well uh okay I better put out another album but you get a little bit conservative now because you want to keep going and you think that you've got a formula for it
再加上那个90天退款保证。点击下方简介里的链接,或者访问 drinkag1.com/modernwisdom,也就是 drinkag1.com/modernwisdom。第一次尝试就事事顺利,其实是一种诅咒。是啊,就是所谓的“一曲歌王”。嗯,你知道,实际情况是,嘻哈圈里真的存在这种症候群,我和50聊过很多。就是说,你出身于贫民区,从来没见过什么钱,然后一夜之间,你有了六位数、七位数的收入,女人从四面八方涌向你,你拥有了权力、关注度和名气,这些东西冲昏了你的头,你开始整天派对,开始想,嗯,好吧,我得再出一张专辑。但这时你变得有点保守了,因为你想继续保持住,你觉得自己已经掌握了一套公式,对吧?结果第二张专辑远远不如第一张。所以说,如果那
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1:19:17
right and then you're second album doesn't do nearly as well so but if that first album didn't do well and you were smart about it it would have taught you a valuable lesson about about the music industry so 50 he uh he did his first album called power of the dollar and I I I have a kind of a bootleg copy of it he gave me it's it's absolutely F you it's available now pretty much on the Internet it's absolutely fantastic but right before it was to be launched he got shot and the produc producers dropped him on the pro dropped his the album they didn't release it and they dropped him from Columbia Records it's too dangerous it was a drug beef and we can't have this guy touring if he's gonna be there's going to be violence and so he was thinking you know the failure instead of it had been a big hit would have gone to his head he you know who knows what would have happened to him here he was like completely at back to square zero in fact worse he had nothing he did all this work and he had this price on his head and and nobody
第一张专辑没成功,而你又足够聪明,它本可以给你上一堂关于音乐行业的宝贵的课。所以50他,他的第一张专辑叫《Power of the Dollar》,我手上有一份他给我的类似盗版的拷贝,那绝对是——现在网上基本都能找到了——真的非常棒。但就在它要发行之前,他中枪了,制作方就把他和这张专辑一起放弃了,他们没有发行它,还把他从哥伦比亚唱片踢了出去。太危险了,那是一场毒品恩怨,我们不能让这家伙去巡演,一旦他出现就会有暴力事件。所以他当时在想,这次失败——如果换成是一次大热,那反而会冲昏他的头,谁知道后来他会变成什么样。而当时的他完全回到了零点,其实比零还糟,他一无所有,做了这么多努力,头上还悬着一份悬赏,没人敢靠近他。他想弄明白,从这次
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1:20:29
would come near him and he wanted to learn what the lesson was from this from his this failure it wasn't really it wasn't his fault it although it sort of was because he he had been a crack dealer and it was like a previous beef that had he hadn't really resolved so you know it was maybe partially his fault anyway um he goes well the lesson is I can't be dependent on a record label they're too conservative they're too cautious I'm somebody who lives on the edge my music plays on the fact that I was a crack dealer that I live dangerously that I'm the real thing that I'm not a fake gangster I'm the real thing okay so what am I going to do I'm not going to put out a record I'm going to do mixtapes and I'm going to sell them on the streets of of Queens and then Brooklyn and then Manhattan you know just these little tapes these singles and I'm going to be as violent his first one that he puts out it's called [ __ ] you he's saying [ __ ] you to everybody who ever doubted me [ __ ] you who tried to kill me [ __ ] you to the
失败里到底该学到什么。这其实并不真的是他的错,虽然某种程度上也算,因为他曾是个快克毒贩,那是一段他一直没真正了结的旧怨,所以你知道,也许有他一部分责任吧。总之,他说,这个教训就是:我不能依赖唱片公司,他们太保守了,他们太谨慎了。我这个人是在刀尖上活着的,我的音乐之所以成立,就是因为我曾是个快克毒贩,因为我过着危险的生活,因为我是真货,我不是假装的黑帮,我是真的。好,那我该怎么办?我不发唱片了,我要做混音带,我要到皇后区的街头去卖,然后是布鲁克林,然后是曼哈顿,就是这些小带子、这些单曲,而且我要尽可能地狠。他发出的第一首叫《去你的》,他是在对所有曾经怀疑过他的人说去你的,对想杀他的人说去你的,对
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1:21:38
record labels pardon my language Etc so he learned from that he learned not to take success for granted and he built on that and so he's not a one- hit wonder so sometimes success when in your 20s is the worst thing that can happen to you because you have no discipline you have no perspective you think it's just going to keep going the way it is you're not aware of all the dangers out there you don't have life experience enough to realize how things can turn on you very quickly if I had been given the chance to write the 48 Laws of Power when I was in my 20s and I had success it would have ruined me I probably wouldn't have had success why because I wasn't ready for it look Chris I had had so much failure until I was essentially 39 years old pushing 40 that I had perspective that I know what it's like to to fail and so when I had success wasn't like wow I'm the greatest thing that ever happened I can just live off this forever my next book's going to be fantastic no have a little voice in
唱片公司说去你的,抱歉我用词粗俗,等等。所以他从中学到了东西,他学会了不把成功当作理所当然,并在此基础上往上走,所以他不是一曲歌王。所以有时候,二十多岁就成功是能发生在你身上最糟糕的事,因为你没有自律,没有格局,你以为一切会一直这样下去,你意识不到外面有多少危险,你没有足够的人生经验去明白事情可以多快地反转。如果当年我二十多岁时就有机会写《权力的48条法则》,并且获得了成功,那会毁了我。我很可能根本不会成功。为什么?因为我还没准备好。你看Chris,在我差不多39岁、快40岁之前,我经历了太多失败,所以我有了格局,我知道失败是什么滋味。所以当我真的成功时,我不会觉得,哇,我是有史以来最了不起的人,靠这个就能过一辈子了,我下一本书肯定会棒极了。不会,我心里有个小声音
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1:22:50
me it says Robert you failed so many times you're probably going to fail again right you've seen so many people in Hollywood who who started off hot and and and and bombed I had experience to know that I can't take this for granted I have to be careful I have to be strategic I have to build on it and not let the success go to my head and it didn't go to my head when I wrote The Art of Seduction I was so worried that book would fail I was certain it was going to fail I felt that way about every single book I've ever written you know I still feel that way you know I this this next book certain it's it's it's it's doomed to failure I better make it the best book of all so if if you you get drunk on your success you know and uh don't get high on your own Supply was the the phrase that 50 would always say so um you know you want to keep your feet on the ground you want to know that failure is nipping at your bugs that your next your next podcast Chris could be the worst one of your life you'll say the
说:Robert,你失败过那么多次,你很可能还会再失败。对吧,你见过太多好莱坞的人,一开始红得发紫,然后就砸了。我有足够的经历知道,我不能把这一切当作理所当然,我得小心,我得有策略,我得在这基础上继续build,不能让成功冲昏头脑。写《诱惑的艺术》时,我的头脑也没有被冲昏,我特别担心那本书会失败,我当时确信它会失败。我写过的每一本书我都是这种感觉,你知道吗,我现在仍然是这种感觉。这本新书,我确信它注定会失败,那我最好把它写成有史以来最好的一本。所以如果你被自己的成功灌醉了——“别嗑自己的货”是50经常说的一句话——所以你知道,你要让双脚踩在地上,你要知道失败正在你身后追着你,你的下一期播客,Chris,可能是你这辈子最糟的一期,你会说错
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1:23:58
wrong thing and suddenly everything will start cratering MH that put keeps you on the edge and you don't take your success for granted yeah I'm very glad when I look back at the period that when we first spoke uh up until the period the second time that we spoke so we did about it was about episode 78 it was about episode sort of 350 something like that and um that period if you look at the graph of plays and followers and money is like that it's just flat the graph is just totally flat between the two there's a little upward tilt and it's the lore of anything which becomes exponential that as you start to zoom out more it makes the very beginning look even more poultry and it's that up to there but that's only been the last two years oh two and a half years it's there and I you know I tell the story that there was days in 2018 uh the year that we launched the show where we'd been going for maybe 10 episodes 20 episodes something you know we're halfway through the first year there was days where we do no plays I'm
话,然后一切突然开始崩塌。嗯,正是这个让你保持警觉,让你不把成功当作理所当然。是啊,我很庆幸。回头看我们第一次对谈到第二次对谈之间的那段时期,第一次大概是第78期,第二次大概是第350期左右,那段时间,如果你去看播放量、粉丝数和收入的曲线,就是那样,完全是平的,那条曲线在两次之间完全是平的,只有一点点上扬。而任何呈指数增长的东西都有这么一个规律:当你把视野拉得越远,就会让最开始的那一段显得越发微不足道。就是那样一路到这里,但这只是最近两年的事。哦,两年半,就到了现在。我你知道,我常讲这个故事:2018年,也就是我们开播那一年,有些日子,我们大概已经做了10期、20期,你知道,第一年才过了一半,有些日子我们的播放量是零。我
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1:25:08
still releasing weekly episodes and there was days where there would be no one no place you know my mom listened to every episode and i' got friends I'm still in the guilt ridden you should listen to my new thing thing and zero plays none nothing I'm like that's insane and uh I I'm glad I'm glad it makes me you know every time that I get to find a random Garage in the middle of LA and think oh we get to light this and make it look like a cinema movie like a a Hollywood movie in Hollywood how cool is that and it's framed up against something which is smaller there's a a documentary that I'd really love to get you to watch it's called how I'm feeling now by lwis Capaldi so he's a Scottish singer you would recognize a ton of his songs and um basically it charts this challenge that he has Scottish dude a very non-typical like a like a chubby young guy he not like a heart throb or anything uh with Scottish accent as well and very self-deprecating which is which is charming he's Charming in that way but
还在每周更新,有些日子一个人都没有,一次播放都没有。你知道,我妈每一期都听,我还有些朋友,我那时还处在那种满怀愧疚地说“你该听听我的新东西”的阶段,结果零播放,一个都没有,什么都没有,我心想这太离谱了。而且我很庆幸,我很庆幸,这让我,你知道,每一次当我能在洛杉矶市中心找到一个随便的车库,然后想,哦,我们要给它打光,把它拍得像一部院线电影,像一部好莱坞电影,而且就在好莱坞,这多酷啊。这一切都是拿它跟更小的过去做对照。有一部纪录片我特别想让你去看,叫《How I'm Feeling Now》,Lewis Capaldi的。他是个苏格兰歌手,他好多歌你一听就认得。基本上它记录了他面临的这个挑战。一个苏格兰小伙,非常不典型,有点胖胖的年轻人,不是那种万人迷之类的,还带着苏格兰口音,特别爱自嘲,这一点很讨喜,他就是那种讨人喜欢的类型。他17岁时写了这些歌,在苏格兰各地的工人酒吧里
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1:26:12
he writes these songs when he's 17 he's playing them in working men's pubs all around Scotland and then he gets picked up by Universal records and he releases this album and it goes beyond into Stella just the biggest billions and billions of streams and he does a world stadium tour and glastenbury mainstage everything everything everything everything and then he has to do a second one he has to do it again and the stress of another album yeah he has to do a second album uh and this is an interesting twist I think on uh it's a curse to have everything go right on your first attempt um because he is someone that I think did learn the right lessons from it going right on his first attempt that he shouldn't take things for granted that maybe that was a fluke that he does still need to work hard some of the lessons that failure would have taught you uh but he just has this unbelievable pressure because the bar he has got he's taken the chairlift to the top of Everest and he goes well what how
演唱,然后被环球唱片签下,他发了这张专辑,结果一飞冲天,数十亿数十亿的流媒体播放量,他还做了世界体育场巡演,上了格拉斯顿伯里主舞台,什么都有了,什么都有了。然后他得做第二张,他得再来一次,再出一张专辑的压力。是啊,他得做第二张专辑。我觉得这是对“第一次尝试就事事顺利是一种诅咒”的一个有趣的变奏。因为我觉得他是那种真的从第一次就顺利中学到了正确教训的人:不该把一切当作理所当然,也许那只是运气,他仍然需要努力,这些本该由失败教给你的道理他都懂。但他就是承受着难以想象的压力,因为他给自己立的标杆——他等于是坐缆车直接到了珠峰顶上,然后他说,那我还怎么超越自己?是啊,你
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1:27:14
how am I supposed to top yeah that you know I it's the classic thing as well I suppose that you have a lifetime to write your first book and then well I mean most people maybe two years for you six years uh to write your to write your second um you got this wealth this big well to dig into material for the first one and then it's like congratulations now do it again yeah you go again but right I I just I just did go yeah yeah yeah but again and uh he I think he'd love the the documentary it's very I willing what's the name of it again how I'm feeling now on Netflix yeah well um a lot of it is um comes to your own your own level of wisdom about um do you have some perspective so it's possible that somebody could have success in their 20s and they would be able to handle it but it's probably because they came they they had a family background or something behind some kind of experience behind it because by Nature we are always thinking that we're better than we are our self- opinion we're really I'm probably like this I
知道,这也是那句经典的说法吧:你有一辈子的时间来写第一本书,然后……嗯,大多数人大概两年,对你来说是六年,来写第二本。你有那么丰厚的一口大井可以为第一本挖掘素材,然后就是:恭喜你,现在再来一次。是啊,你得再来一次,不过没错,我我刚刚就是……对对对,但再来一次。我觉得他会很喜欢那部纪录片,非常……我很愿意。它叫什么来着?《How I'm Feeling Now》,在Netflix上。好。嗯,这里面很大一部分取决于你自己的智慧水平,就是你有没有一点格局。所以确实有可能有人在二十多岁就成功,而且能够驾驭它,但那多半是因为他们有家庭背景,或者背后有某种别的经历支撑。因为从本性上讲,我们总是觉得自己比实际更好,我们的自我评价其实——我大概就是这样,我觉得自己是这样,对吧,有些人就是这样——一旦你成功了,
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1:28:35
think I'm like this right some people is like this the moment you have success you think you have the Golden Touch people start a lot of the worst thing that happens to you is the people that surround you and they go my God you're a genius you know you're absolutely brilliant and then you want to bounce ideas off of them they go that's fantastic go ahead go go on right whereas you want them to say it's [ __ ] it's terrible you have the worst idea but now you're followed you're surrounded by sycophants and yes people yeah and they're telling you how great you are you see that with a lot of celebrities I wonder whether that was the role for the court cynic in some ways to offset the SI of you talking about the court or the Court Jester I I suppose so but I don't know whether the court cynic is just uh like a colloquial term or whether was a genuine role but I could imagine that it would be useful I know the jester was there to be the only one that could mock the king with impunity basically um but if I was a
你就以为自己点石成金。而发生在你身上最糟糕的事之一,是围绕在你身边的那些人,他们会说,天哪你是个天才,你简直太出色了。然后你想跟他们碰想法,他们说太棒了,去干吧,去吧去吧。而其实你希望他们说:这是狗屎,糟透了,你这个想法烂到家了。但现在你被一群马屁精和应声虫包围着,他们不停告诉你你有多棒。你在很多名人身上都能看到这一点。我在想,某种意义上这是不是“宫廷犬儒者”的角色,用来抵消那些……你说的是宫廷,还是宫廷弄臣?我想是吧,但我不确定“宫廷犬儒者”只是一种口语化的说法,还是真有这么个职位。不过我能想象它会很有用。我知道弄臣的存在是为了成为唯一一个可以肆无忌惮嘲讽国王的人。但如果我是中世纪的国王,如果我是一位高尚而聪明的国王,我就会
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1:29:34
king in the Medieval ages if I was a noble King a smart one I would have employed a court cynic and I've employed the court cynic to only come up with counter positions that even if the entire room the whole Council thought that it was fantastic tell me how this is wrong that's part of my am Consulting with business people um that I've had over the years I that's the role that I play bring Robert in he'll tell us it [ __ ] but they don't listen to me that's that's the main lesson you know I tell people think of all the things that are going to go wrong with your plan let's game this out this could go wrong this could go wrong the public might react this way a competitor might be already anticipating the same thing will come out let's gain this out and let's make sure that the launch of your product is foolproof okay so we think of all the things that can go wrong all right then let's alter the strategy let's go here a little more instead of going here they never listen to me have you tried
雇一个宫廷犬儒者,雇他专门提出反面意见:哪怕整个房间、整个议事会都觉得这主意棒极了,你也要告诉我它错在哪。这也是我这些年给商界人士做顾问时扮演的角色:把Robert叫来,他会告诉我们这是狗屎。但他们不听我的。这就是最主要的教训。我告诉人们,把你的计划里所有可能出错的地方都想一遍,我们来推演一下:这里可能出问题,那里可能出问题,公众可能是这种反应,竞争对手可能已经预料到,同样的东西也会推出来。我们来推演一遍,确保你产品的发布万无一失。好,所以我们把所有可能出错的地方都想到了,那好,我们来调整策略,往这边多走一点,而不是往那边走。他们从来不听我的。你有没有试过告诉他们事情会很顺利?那他们说不定,说不定
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1:30:39
telling them it's going to go right and then they might and then they might say oh God Robert said it was going to go right we definitely need to change something you mean reverse psychology I might need to try that might be the that might be the next one okay this I I really like this one being attacked is a sign that you are important enough to be a Target you should relish the attention and the chance to prove yourself yeah um well you know you want if if everything is easy in life um if everyone loves what you're going to do and you have no enemies you have no opposition nothing to resist you're just going to be mush you're not going to amount to anything you're not going to be able to push yourself you know I could be a to change evolve Muhammad Ali said if I didn't have Joe Frasier around I would not have become the great boxer that I am I mean he would have been a great boxer anyway but a a nemesis like Joe Frasier put me on a much higher level is there not a line in Batman where the Joker says I
就会说,天哪Robert说会很顺利,我们绝对得改点什么。你是说反向心理学?我可能真得试试这招,也许这就是下一条。好,这一条我真的很喜欢:被攻击说明你重要到足以成为一个靶子,你应该享受这种关注,享受这个证明自己的机会。是啊。嗯,你知道,你要……如果人生中一切都很轻松,如果所有人都喜欢你要做的事,你没有敌人,没有对立面,没有任何阻力,那你就会变成一摊烂泥,你不会有什么成就,你没法逼自己,你知道,我也没法改变、进化。穆罕默德·阿里说过,如果没有Joe Frazier在,我不会成为今天这样伟大的拳手。我是说,他本来也会是个伟大的拳手,但像Joe Frazier这样的宿敌把我推上了一个高得多的层次。《蝙蝠侠》里小丑不是有句台词说“我成全了你”吗?如果没有,那也应该
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1:31:47
complete you if he doesn't there should be but it seems like the sort of thing that he fledges said in there but it it is the truth without the Joker what's the Batman yeah and I I love the idea you should relish the chance to prove yourself um pressure is a privilege in that way yeah um you know I I uh when I was doing the book with 50 Cent the 50th law um I was very kind of timid and I decided um to make it really a book about 50 because I was kind of like he's the celebrity who am I so I wrote a very 50 Centric version of the book about his business Etc and nobody liked it in fact the publisher canceled the project and here I was my reputation was on the line could have been a humiliating blow to me okay and so um another publisher comes in and he says Robert you need to change the idea you need to make it more about you and not less about him but more about you and your style and your ideas the intersection yeah so oh [ __ ] I spent a lot of time working on this because if you do that I I'll I'll I'll I'll
有。不过这听起来就像他在里面会说的那种话。但这确实是真的,没有小丑,蝙蝠侠算什么呢。是啊,我很喜欢“你应该享受证明自己的机会”这个说法,从这个角度说,压力是一种特权。是啊。嗯,你知道,我当年和50 Cent合作那本书《第50条法则》的时候,我其实挺胆怯的,我决定把它真的写成一本关于50的书,因为我当时想,他才是明星,我算老几。所以我写了一个非常以50为中心的版本,讲他的生意等等,结果没人喜欢。事实上出版方直接砍掉了这个项目。当时我的声誉危在旦夕,那可能会是一次让我颜面扫地的打击。然后另一个出版人出现了,他说,Robert,你得换个思路,你得让这本书更多地关于你,不是少讲他,而是更多地讲你、讲你的风格和你的想法。也就是两者的交汇点。是啊,所以,靠,我花了很多时间琢磨这件事。因为他说,你要是这么做,我就出版这本书。我心想,我的声誉
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1:33:16
publish the book I go well my reputation I'll be I'll be ruined if I don't okay and so all right I'll do it he goes okay the bad news is you have eight months to do that I work like a fiend now I didn't have an enemy here so but the challenge it was like I was in a boxing ring with Joe Frasier right I had to raise my game it was the first time in my writing career writing books that I was facing failure real failure if I didn't succeed in that book 50 would thought something was wrong and we had announced the publication people you know I would have maybe recovered but it would have been a major blow and I had to make that book happen and it brought out Best in Me it made me do things that i' had never done before it made built up my self-confidence so it's the equivalent of somebody doubting you because there were a lot of doubters around and a lot of people thinking well Robert's kind of finished here we thought he was this but he's not really and so having that kind of pressure like we talked about
要是不这么做就毁了。好吧,那我干。他说,好,坏消息是你只有八个月时间来完成。我像疯了一样地干。这次我没有一个敌人,但这个挑战就好像我站在拳击台上面对Joe Frazier一样,我必须把水平提上去。那是我写书生涯中第一次直面失败,真正的失败。如果那本书我没写成,50会觉得出了什么问题,而且我们已经宣布了出版计划。你知道,我也许还能缓过来,但那会是一次重创。我必须把那本书做成就这么发生了,它激发出了我最好的一面,让我做了很多以前从没做过的事,建立起了我的自信,所以这就相当于有人怀疑你,因为当时身边有很多怀疑者,很多人心想,Robert 大概是到头了,我们本以为他是这样的人,其实他并不是,所以承受那种压力,就像我们说过的
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11缺席的节奏与稀缺价值
1:34:26
deadlines and having people doubt you it can Crush you but it can also make you a lot stronger can make you a better fighter was there ever a 49th law you went straight from 48 to 50 well he's 50 Cent I know I wondered if you'd ever thought get a 49 thin and then it means that I can no there is no 49th the 49th law is there is no such thing as the 49th you don't talk about the 49th law that's what it is yeah use absence to increase respect the more you are seen and heard from the more common you appear if you are already established in a group temporary withdrawal from it will make you more talked about even more admired you must learn when to leave cultivate value through scarcity yeah I mean um the problem that a lot of people have with my books and in life is they're too black and white so they'll say things like well Robert if I'm absent on social media no one will have heard of me if I don't write this book if I don't put on another album if I don't produce this product how can I do that you know what what are
截止期限,还有被人怀疑,这会把你压垮,但也可能让你强大很多,让你成为一个更好的斗士。有没有过第 49 条法则?你直接从 48 跳到了 50——因为那是 50 Cent 嘛。我知道,我就是好奇你有没有想过凑个 49,那样就意味着我可以……没有,不存在第 49 条。第 49 条法则就是:根本没有第 49 条,你不谈论第 49 条法则,就是这样。是的。利用「缺席」来提升尊重感——你被看见、被听到得越多,你就显得越平常如果你在一个群体里已经站稳了脚跟,暂时抽身反而会让人更多地谈论你,甚至更加仰慕你。你必须学会何时离场,用稀缺性来培养价值。是啊,我是说,很多人读我的书、包括在生活中遇到的问题是他们太非黑即白了,所以他们会说,Robert,如果我在社交媒体上消失,就没人会听说过我了;如果我不写这本书,不再出一张专辑,不做出这个产品我怎么可能做到呢?你在说什么啊,那种「缺席」在这个世界上非常危险。其实
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1:35:36
you talking about absence like that that's very dangerous in the world well I don't talk about just absence I say it's a dance between absence and presence right so it's not like you disappear so that you are a little bit less present you're able to disappear for a while and you make people wonder about you Napoleon said if I show up at the theater every night in Paris in my little Emperor's box people start taking me for granted if I show up every week they'll be going that's interesting but he's coming every week if I show up once a month it's like an event oh my God he came here when is he coming next whoa It's all this attention that's the dynamic of absence and presence if you come every two or three days n if you come every week n you come a month yeah if you come every year people will forget about you won't have any power you have to know exactly the dynamic isn't it interesting that this is uh reflected neurologically with intermittent schedule reward variable schedule reward too which is exactly
我说的不只是缺席,我说的是缺席与在场之间的一支舞,对吧?不是说你彻底消失,而是让自己稍微少露一点面,能够暂时消失一段时间,让人们对你产生好奇。拿破仑说过,如果我每天晚上都出现在巴黎的剧院、坐在我那个小小的皇帝包厢里,人们就会开始把我视作理所当然;如果我每周去一次,他们会说这挺有意思,但他每周都来;如果我一个月才去一次,那就像是一场盛事——天哪,他来了,他下次什么时候来?哇,全是这种关注。这就是缺席与在场的动态关系。如果你每两三天就来一次不行;每周来一次,也不行;一个月来一次,可以;但如果你一年才来一次,人们就会忘了你,你就没有任何影响力了。你必须精确地掌握这个动态。有意思的是,这在神经科学上也有对应,就是间歇性奖励、可变比率奖励,而这恰恰就是社交媒体、老虎机和
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1:36:43
what social media and slot machines and gambling it's what they all work on yeah well what is that so if you press a button but example of this um mice get to push a button you're into mice again you like their mice I I need to use I need to use something as a legitimate example here so uh mice get to push a button uh if it's every five times or 10 times or 20 times they get a piece of food they will push the button uh but then they will get sick if it's intermittent they don't know when it's going to come they will push the button way more aggressively and it's that the dopamine we get when we're not ready for it well we're not ready to see Napoleon up in his Emperor's box overlooking the ballet yeah that's real and ever since the second episode that we did it's always in my mind and I always think about your face whenever I think of this particular sentence aloofness is alluring I always think about that and um my housemate's dad has a a similar idea which is be good and be gone and it's how how he shows up at parties it's
赌博所依赖的机制,它们全都靠这个运作。是啊,那到底是什么呢?就是说如果你按一个按钮……举个例子,老鼠可以去按按钮——你又讲到老鼠了,你很喜欢老鼠。我得用点……我得找个像样的例子嘛。所以,老鼠可以按按钮,如果每按五次、十次或二十次就能得到一块食物,它们会去按按钮,但之后它们会腻;如果是间歇性的、它们不知道什么时候会出食物,它们按按钮就会疯狂得多。就是那种在我们没有准备好时得到的多巴胺。就好比我们没准备好会看到拿破仑出现在他的皇帝包厢里俯瞰芭蕾。是啊,这是真的。而且自从我们做的第二期节目之后,这句话一直在我脑子里,每次想到这句话我就想起你的表情——「疏离感很有吸引力」,我总会想起这个嗯,我室友的爸爸有个类似的说法,叫「表现好,然后走人」,这是他参加派对的方式,这也是
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1:37:50
a a good justification for the Irish goodbye I think as well be good and be gone oh what was Robert he was yeah oh they call it an Irish goodbye leaving without saying goodbye to everybody yeah oh that's the opposite of a French goodbye it takes forever or you never leave everyone's like kissing each other and talking each other at the door and they never leave yeah um yeah um I mean uh so people think that uh nowadays so like in a dating situation this is a common example if um nowadays because things are different you have a date and if you're like texting her the next day or the or that evening it's kind of like H something he's I don't know about this guy's a little bit desperate I'm not so sure about him if you text the next day it's a little bit one if you wait take two days but not three she's starting to think about you start to go um this guy's interesting maybe he doesn't like me or maybe he does I'm not sure and she starts thinking about you starts fantasizing about you then the second day your name
为「爱尔兰式告别」找的一个好理由,我觉得也挺对的——表现好,然后走人。哦,Robert 刚才是……对哦,他们管那个叫「爱尔兰式告别」,就是不跟任何人道别就走了。对,那正好是「法式告别」的反面法式告别没完没了,或者你根本走不掉,大家在门口互相亲吻、互相聊天然后就一直不走。对,嗯,我是说,如今人们觉得……比如在约会的场景里,这是个很常见的例子,如今情况不一样了,你去约了个会,如果你第二天、或者当天晚上就给她发消息,那感觉就有点像,呃,这人……我说不好,这家伙有点急了,我对他不太确定。如果你第二天发消息,稍微有点那什么;但如果你等两天、别等到第三天,她就开始惦记你了开始想,嗯,这人挺有意思的,也许他不喜欢我,也许喜欢,我说不准。然后她就开始想你,开始对你产生幻想,接着第二天你的名字弹出来,那就有力量了,有效果了。所以如果你不停地轰炸对方,你就没有
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1:39:03
pops up it has power it has effect so if you're inundating somebody you don't give them room to fantasize you don't give them room to think about you and then they they start one they St taking you for granted kind of thing you know so people say yeah but in the world like celebrities will tell me I had this one female raps not going to say her name who would say yeah but Robert in social media I can't disappear they go yes you can I mean it was before the social media era but Michael Jackson would disappear for several years before a record Beyonce disappeared for like two years in between records didn't produce anything then when she came out with a record whoa what a splash you can still get away with it now you just have to know the sweet spot you have to know that maybe in social media it's you can't disappear for a year or even a month but if you do it for a week people notice it and they start thinking about you so you have to kind of know how to play the game I think there's a uh momentum build as well that perhaps
给他们幻想的空间,没有给他们思念你的空间,然后他们就会开始……开始把你视作理所当然,就是这么回事。所以人们会说,是啊,可是在现实里……比如名人会跟我说,我有一个女说唱歌手,我就不说她名字了,她会说,可是 Robert,在社交媒体上我不能消失啊。我说,你可以的我是说,那还是社交媒体时代之前,但迈克尔·杰克逊在出唱片前会消失好几年;碧昂丝在两张专辑之间也消失了大概两年什么都不发,然后等她推出专辑时,哇,那声势多大。现在你照样可以这么玩,你只需要找准那个甜蜜点。你得明白,在社交媒体上也许你不能消失一年,甚至一个月都不行,但如果你消失一周,人们就会注意到,就会开始想你。所以你得懂得怎么玩这个游戏。我觉得这里面还有个势能积累的问题,也许每个人在一开始都得付出一份代价。有个
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1:40:07
is everybody need a price that you need to pay in the beginning uh so there's a technique in urg rowing so when you sit on a one of those indoor rower uh things concept to and what people will do in order to get the speed up uh more easily they'll do little polls and then they'll do really long polls and that's when they start to get their power in I often think about that when it comes to people beginning anything it's like hey if you haven't started your podcast you don't get to be absent in the beginning yeah like that's just called not starting your podcast right you know delaying the publishing of your first book is not you being aloof and alluring it's you just not getting the work done so there is a a there is momentum inertia that needs to be accumulated and then you break expectations so this uh shows that I don't have the can to show you I launched a product last year and we had um Fades colored Fades uh orange to orange or yellow to Orange uh yellow to green and then the third can
划船机的技巧——当你坐在那种室内划船机上,就是 Concept2 那种,人们会为了更轻松地把速度提上去,先做几下短促的划桨,然后再做很长的划桨,那时候他们才开始发力。我经常在想,人们开始做任何事情时都是这样,就像,嘿,如果你还没开始做播客,你就没资格在一开始就「缺席」。是啊,那只能叫没开始做播客对吧。你知道,推迟出版你的第一本书,不是你在保持疏离和神秘感,那只是你没有把活干完。所以确实有一个势能、一种惯性需要先积累起来,然后你才能打破预期。这个……说明一下,我手边没有那个罐子给你看——我去年发布了一款产品,我们做了渐变色的罐身橙色到橙色、或者黄色到橙色、黄色到绿色,然后我们发布的第三款罐子是纯白色的
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1:41:13
that we released was just pure white and I wanted to break the pattern I wanted to set expectations and then very quickly to break them and I thought about it kind of the same from branding perspective there too I think I have a convention I think I know what to expect oh that's a little bit interesting that's different to what I would have thought yeah yeah but you need to have created the setup for that precisely correct precisely correct it breaking a convention before you've set a convention is just being sporadic and sort of Scat goning everywhere whereas it would be like if uh you'd released an article that was one of the laws from 48 law and then the next book was different or it was on a different topic and you go well you haven't haven't established enough of a style I haven't got the expect you can't break an expectation that I don't yet have um and you know this is surprise as well well that's why I say power is a game of psychology so you have to master these very subtle and invisible rules of
我想打破这个模式。我想先建立预期,然后很快把它打破。从品牌的角度我也是这么想的我觉得,我知道了这个惯例,我知道该期待什么了——哦,这有点意思这跟我预想的不一样。对对,但你必须先把那个铺垫建立起来,完全正确完全正确。在你还没建立起惯例之前就去打破惯例,那只是杂乱无章、东一榔头西一棒子,而这就好比,如果你先发表了一篇文章,是《权力的48条法则》里的一条,然后下一本书完全不同或者换了个主题,你就会说,你还没建立起足够鲜明的风格,我还没有那个期待——你没法打破一个我还没有的预期。而且你知道,这也是一种惊喜。所以这就是为什么我说权力是一场心理学的游戏,你必须掌握这些非常微妙、看不见的心理学规则。有些人
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1:42:17
psychology and so knowing some people know it by Instinct they have a marketing sense that I need to break up expectations if everything is always the same there's no surprise okay but you have to understand you have to think about the how people are going to respond you have to understand the psychology involved that surprise gets attention that's what's not as expected stands out and people are excited they're interested in it okay and also creating viral effects is another is like the flip side of this using absence and creating absence so I talk about this in The Art of Seduction if you um pass by a restaurant where there's just one couple sitting there eating you go and and the menu looks good and the reviews are good you I don't think we want to go there you go a few blocks further than there's this restaurant people are packed they're sitting they're all laughing they're drinking all right let's go that the food could be crap yeah but because you see other people doing it you're drawn
是靠直觉就懂的,他们有一种营销的嗅觉,知道我需要打破预期,因为如果一切永远都一样就没有惊喜了。好吧,但你必须理解,你必须去想人们会作何反应,你必须理解其中的心理学——惊喜能吸引注意力,出乎意料的东西才会脱颖而出,人们才会兴奋,才会感兴趣。好,另外,制造病毒效应是另一回事,它算是这个的另一面,利用缺席、制造缺席。我在《诱惑的艺术》里讲过这个:如果你路过一家餐厅,里面只有一对情侣坐在那儿吃饭,你走过去,菜单看着不错,评价也不错,你会想,我觉得咱们还是别进去了,然后你再往前走几个街区,有另一家餐厅,人挤得满满当当,大家坐在那儿,都在笑在喝酒——好,就这家吧。那家的东西可能很难吃,但因为你看到别人都在那儿,你就被
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1:43:21
into it well you are speaking my language as an excl club promoter so we would do everything we would uh one of the strategies we used to have was outside of a nightclub your que the length of your queue is the determinant of how busy it is inside but the length of your queue is determined by how wide the queue is not by how many people are in the queue so we kept a two wide queue so we would squeeze the barriers in and these people would be R going two by two like Noah Arc but we would be able to create a queue that was 100 yards long well you see now these are things you just knew a instinctively I don't know how some people maybe don't get that kind of thing but that's the kind of psychology you want to play on I talked about how in PT Barnum he was a master of this he had the Museum of oddies in Manhattan right and the whole game was to get people inside because once they were inside there were all these odd you know really weird [ __ ] in there that was so strange and interesting these
吸引进去了。你这可是说到我的专业了,我以前是夜店推广人,所以我们什么都干,我们曾经的一个策略是:在夜店门口,你排队的长度决定了别人认为里面有多热闹,但队伍的长度取决于队伍有多宽,而不是排了多少人。所以我们一直保持两人宽的队伍我们会把围栏往里挤,那些人就两个两个地往前走,跟诺亚方舟似的,但这样我们就能造出一条一百码长的队伍。你看,这些东西你是凭直觉就知道的,我不知道为什么有些人就是不懂这种东西,但这正是你要利用的那种心理。我讲过P.T. 巴纳姆,他是这方面的大师,他在曼哈顿开了一家奇珍异物博物馆,整个玩法就是把人弄进去,因为一旦他们进去了,里面全是那些稀奇古怪的玩意儿,特别离奇又有趣,那些珍奇展品、畸形的胎儿和动物。那怎么让人进去呢?于是他
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12马基雅维利与男性气质的重定义
1:44:19
Curiosities these deformed you know fetuses and animals how do you get them inside so he hired the worst possible band he could find to play really terrible music right near his Museum and they would be playing so loud that people would run inside the museum to escape this music you know that's the kind of thinking you know Mackie aelan Q organizing yeah uh actually speaking of that I mentioned I told you I'm going to Florence next week uh I'll be able ble to see nicolo's um tomb tomb it's in s Santa croch I love Santa croch uh what is a lesson from mavelli that you think most people gloss over or something sort of a Hidden Gem that you wish had more exposure that people more people knew oh there's there's so much there you're going to tease my adult brain here but um the idea that the most powerful idea that he has and he has a lot of powerful ideas is that people rise to a position of an elevated position based on a certain quality that they have that makes them stand out let's say for Chris Williamson it's your pleasing
雇了他能找到的最烂的乐队,在博物馆旁边演奏特别难听的音乐,他们会演得特别大声,人们为了躲开这音乐就冲进博物馆里去了。你看,这就是那种思路,就是马基雅维利式的布局。对。说到这个,我跟你提过,我下周要去佛罗伦萨,我能去看看尼科洛的墓,就在圣十字圣殿。我特别喜欢圣十字圣殿。那么,马基雅维利有哪个教诲是你觉得大多数人都忽略掉了、或者算是一颗你希望能被更多人知道的沧海遗珠哦,这太多了,你这是在撩拨我这颗老脑袋啊。嗯,他最有力量的一个观点——他有很多有力量的观点——是:人们之所以能升到一个高位,是因为他们身上有某种让他们脱颖而出的特质。比如对 Chris Williamson 来说,就是你讨人喜欢的能力、你的亲和力、你的
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1:45:50
ability your your your bonom me your you're sympotic or whatever the language you want to use makes you blah blah blah but a point is reached where the times change things are different because life is always changing and that thing that you relied on that strength that you have is no longer so in demand it's not so interesting the culture has moved on but you don't know how to move on because you're addicted to the same way of doing things M so when he was saying what would be the perfect Prince to talk about the prince like in his book The Prince would be a man or a woman but his time would be a man who could continually adapt to circumstances who just didn't have one form of power he compared it Fortune is constantly shifting you have to be able to shift with fortune and write it and keep writing it upward and upward that would be like a superum being who could always adapt to circumstances not change who they are not suddenly be a confident person who's now really timid but to use your confidence in a different manner
你的社交天赋,随便你怎么表述,这让你如此这般。但会到达一个节点,时代变了,情况不一样了,因为生活总在变化,而你一直依赖的那个东西、你拥有的那个长处,不再那么被需要了,不再那么有意思了,文化往前走了,可你不知道怎么跟着往前走,因为你已经沉溺于同一套做事方式了。所以当他谈到什么是完美的君主——就像他在《君主论》里说的——那会是一个男人或女人,不过在他那个时代会是男人——是一个能不断适应环境的人,不会只有一种权力形式。他把命运比作不断变化的东西,你必须能随命运而变,驾驭它,并且一路往上驾驭。那就会像是一个超人,能够永远适应环境,但不改变自己是谁——不是突然从一个自信的人变成一个特别怯懦的人,而是当时势需要不同的东西时,以不同的方式来运用你的自信
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1:47:00
when the time asks for something different and so in my Consulting most of the people who fail in life um that I'm working with have reached a level of power of position but they can't go any further they hit a ceiling because they don't know how to adapt they only have one way responding to circumstances so we think of makavelli as this kind of rigid thinker with this sort of aggressive ideas he's actually a very fluid thinker and it's all about being fluid one of his main metaphors is water because you know there was a river in Florence and he was sort of obsessed with currents it kind of like in a sunsu and Asian way your ability to flow and change and adapt to circumstances and um I wish people understood that and were weren't so rigid about everything that they do they weren't so rigid in how they read the 48 Laws of Power they weren't so rigid in their politics they weren't so rigid in their in their creative life so it's finding play again in in some way I suppose and uh I I I it's come up a lot over the
。所以在我做咨询的过程中,大多数在人生中失败的人——我接触到的那些——都已经达到了一定的权力或职位层级,但再也上不去了,撞到了天花板,因为他们不知道如何适应,他们对环境只有一种应对方式。所以我们以为马基雅维利是那种思想僵硬、充满攻击性想法的人,其实他是一个非常灵动的思想家,一切都在于「流动」。他的主要隐喻之一就是水,因为你知道,佛罗伦萨有一条河他有点痴迷于水流,有点像孙子和东方式的思路,就是你流动、变化、适应环境的能力。我希望人们能理解这一点,别把自己做的每件事都搞得那么僵硬,别那么僵硬地去读《权力的48条法则》,别在政治上那么僵硬,别在他们的创作生活里那么僵硬。所以某种意义上,这也是重新找回「玩」的状态吧。这一年来这个话题
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1:48:15
last year or so for me I think that there is not for me I'm not doing it someone maybe not you either you're busy uh should write a book about play about reintroducing a a sense of play what it does from a sort of psychological Health standpoint one of the greatest books ever written has already been written on that subject it's a book called homo ludens by Dutchman Johan henka written in like the 30s I think you nobody could ever write a better book he talks about the history of play and he goes deely deeply into the psychology of it it's one of the best books you can ever read homo meaning man is playing so it's playing man yeah so you know there's Homo sapiens thinking about our brain he's saying we're homoludens we're the playing animal it's absolutely brilliant book I could never top that uh thinking about Mackie valy I had Dr Alexander Lee on the podcast so he wrote a phenomenal biography of Mackie valy he came on the show he's historian uh what was it called I can't remember the name
在我这儿反复出现。我觉得应该有人——不是我,我不会去写——也许也不是你,你太忙了应该有人写一本关于「玩」的书,关于重新找回玩心,以及它从心理健康角度带来的作用。关于这个主题,史上最伟大的书之一已经写出来了,那本书叫《游戏的人》(Homo Ludens),作者是荷兰人约翰·赫伊津哈,我记得大概写于三十年代。没人能写出比它更好的书了。他讲了「玩」的历史并且非常非常深入地探讨了它的心理学,这是你这辈子能读到的最好的书之一。Homo 意思是人ludens 是在玩,所以就是「游戏的人」。对,你知道有「智人」(Homo sapiens),讲的是我们的大脑,而他说我们是「游戏人」(homo ludens),我们是会玩的动物。这本书绝对精彩,我永远超不过它。说到马基雅维利,我请过Alexander Lee 博士上播客,他写了一本非常出色的马基雅维利传记,他上过我的节目,他是历史学家叫什么来着,我想不起名字了,想不起他那本书的名字了。总之,他跟我讲了一个故事,我以前不
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1:49:22
I can't remember the name of his book anyway um uh he told me the story I didn't realize that mackelli was such a tear away uh sort of little lothario here and there oh who's total Seducer yeah but he told me this story about him where he'd been on the road and he I can't remember the term that he used talks about something like a like a a a nuptial longing or something it's this sort of very proper British uh he's horny M Val's horny and he gets taken you would say he gets taken into this brothel and there's a a woman that he sleeps with uh but the light is off and he says that he decides to get the candle and bring it closer to her and he sees this hideous woman and he throws up and sort of he's traumatized by this thing that he's done and uh yet to hear Dr Lee the very sort of proper British historian telling me this story about the thing is what what really gets my go what I can't stand is people use the word Machiavellian and they have this image of him as this evil conniving person you know and they they
知道马基雅维利是个这么不着调的人,到处沾花惹草的小情圣。哦,他是个彻头彻尾的诱惑者。是的,但他跟我讲了这么个故事:他当时在外地出差,他……我记不清他用的那个词了,大概是说什么「夫妻之思」之类的,就是那种特别正经的英式说法——其实就是他欲火难耐。马基雅维利欲火难耐,然后他被带到——你会说——他被带进了一家妓院,有个女人跟他睡了,但当时灯是关着的,他说他决定去拿蜡烛凑近去看她,结果看到一个丑陋不堪的女人,他当场吐了,整个人被自己干的这件事搞得心理阴影极大。而听 Lee 博士——那种特别正经的英国历史学家——跟我讲这个故事……问题在于,真正让我受不了的是,人们用「马基雅维利式」这个词的时候脑子里是他那种邪恶、诡计多端的形象,他们脑子里有那个形象,还有他
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1:50:33
have the the image of him and how he actually looks he's like a rat and he's he was a incredibly warm Humane human being who was really very funny and witty he was a to complete renaissance man so first of all he understood Politics on a extremely high level absolutely brilliant he was a not a great diplom he was a lowlevel diplom but he had a very good sense of psychology he was a great Seducer of women we know that okay he also wrote a play he wrote plays and he wrote poetry people don't realize that he wrote the most scandalous play I think ever written making fun of the Catholic Church where there are rituals taking place in a church that are incredibly imp impious you know sacriligious it's a called mandra go it's a hilarious play trust me it was performed in the Vatican it was so good at the time what in the 1520s people don't realize that this man was a true renaissance man he was a poet he was a playright he was a lover of women he was a great strategist you know so yeah I I have
实际长得什么样,像只老鼠。可他其实是一个极其温暖、有人情味的人,非常风趣机智,他完全是一个才式的人物。首先,他对政治的理解极其高明,绝对出色。他不是什么了不起的外交官,他只是个低阶外交官,但他对心理有非常好的直觉,他很会勾引女人,这我们都知道。他还写过剧本,他写戏剧,也写诗。人们没意识到他写过我认为是有史以来最惊世骇俗的一部戏,嘲讽天主教会,剧中在教堂里进行的那些仪式极其不敬,你知道的亵渎神明。那部戏叫《曼陀罗》,是一部特别搞笑的戏,相信我,它甚至在梵蒂冈上演过,它在当时就是那么精彩。什么时候?大概1520年代。人们没意识到,这个人是个真正的文艺复兴式全才:他是诗人,是剧作家,是女人的情人,是伟大的战略家。所以是的,在这方面我也有很多关于他的轶事。但没错,他太精彩了,我
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1:51:52
lots of anecdotes about him too as well in that sense but yeah he's fantastic I really I really enjoyed learning about the man you know it's it's odd that the ideas precede a person the if the my favorite book about makavelli is called Machiavelli's virtue by Harvey Mansfield it's a fantastic book I highly recommend it one of the few academics that I actually really like he understands melli whereas most people are not on the level of him and he writes about how relevant Mai is to the world today and how he foresaw everything going on in business and politics please if you're interested in Maki maki's virtue it's it's one of my favorite books one of the uh groups I suppose I think that's looking for a lot of advice at the moment is young men uh feeling a little lost like their place in the world is know just uncertain they don't they don't really know or have the direction what advice would you have for young men that are feeling a little lost in the modern world well you have to um you have to be
真的,我真的很享受了解这个人。有意思的是,观念会先于一个人存在。我最喜欢的一本关于马基雅维利的书叫《马基雅维利的德性》,作者是哈维·曼斯菲尔德,是一本极好的书,我强烈推荐。他是少数我真正喜欢的学者之一,他真的懂马基雅维利,而大多数人根本达不到他的层次他写到马基雅维利对今天这个世界有多么切题,以及他如何预见了商业和政治中正在发生的一切。如果你对马基雅维利感兴趣,《马基雅维利的德性》,这是我最喜欢的书之一。我想,目前有一个群体特别在寻求各种建议,那就是年轻男性,他们感到有些迷失,觉得自己在这个世界上的位置很不确定,他们并不真的知道方向在哪里。对于那些在现代世界里感到有点迷失的年轻男性,你会给出什么建议?嗯,你必须,你必须坦然接受自己是谁,接受自己的男性气质。“男性化”这个词
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1:53:02
comfortable with with who you are and with your masculinity so the word masculine has now got like this negative connotation around it which is terrible because you're a young man it's not every young man some men don't feel this way but a lot of young men I remember myself you got this testosterone that's roaring through you you're competitive you're ambitious you have goals you have this energy you want to assert yourself but it's bad it's bad it's bad you're not supposed to be like that you know and so and the culture isn't about there's no virtue in masculinity okay there is such a thing as toxic masculinity most definitely but there are virtues in in being masculine and have to be redefined and we have to have icons and role models for that and so when I was growing up oh God I sound like I hated that when people said that when I was a kid so I know you're going to hate me but I'll say that anyway I can't help it because it's true when I was growing up you know I watched like a lot of
现在带上了一种负面的含义,这很糟糕,因为你是个年轻男人——当然不是每个年轻男人,有些男人没有这种感受,但很多年轻男人,我记得我自己就是——你体内的睾酮在奔涌你有竞争心,你有野心,你有目标,你有这股能量,你想要确立自己的存在,但这是坏的,这是坏的,这是坏的,你不该是这个样子。而且文化里也不谈……男性气质里没有任何美德可言。好吧,确实存在有毒的男子气概,这绝对有,但成为一个男性也是有美德的,这些美德需要被重新定义,我们需要这方面的偶像和榜样。在我成长的年代——天哪,我小时候最讨厌别人说这种话了所以我知道你们会讨厌我,但我还是要说,我没办法,因为这是真的——我成长的时候,我看了很多西部片,就是那种沉默寡言的英雄,加里·
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1:54:12
westerns you know it was the the the silent hero kind of thing the Gary Cooper thing but my idea of masculinity growing up was a man who was in control of himself who wasn't mean wasn't pushing people around who was decent who treated women well so treating women well is a masculine virtue is a good thing it comes from position of strength you're not insecure about your masculinity you don't have to prove that you're a man by demeaning women by pushing them around by calling them [ __ ] and [ __ ] Etc you don't have to take the Andrew Tate path in life you can respect women and respecting them is a sign of your strength it's a sign of being secure in your masculinity you don't need to put other people down to make yourself feel better okay so we have to redefine these qualities but there are no icons like out out there you either have the Andrew Tates out of there you have these wimpy men who are just so afraid of being masculine okay your aggression your assertiveness your testosterone it's a good thing it's how
库珀那一型。我从小对男子气概的理解,是一个能控制自己的男人,不刻薄,不欺压别人,正派,善待女性。所以善待女性是一种男性美德,是件好事,它来自力量的位置。你对自己的男性气质并不感到不安,你不需要通过贬低女性、欺压她们、用脏话骂她们来证明自己是个男人。你不必走安德鲁·泰特那条路。你可以尊重女性,而尊重她们正是你力量的标志,是你对自己的男性气质感到笃定的标志。你不需要通过贬低别人来让自己感觉更好。所以我们必须重新定义这些品质,但现在外面根本没有这样的偶像:要么是安德鲁·泰特那一类,要么是那些懦弱的男人,害怕表现出任何男性气质。你的攻击性、你的果断、你的睾酮,这些都是好东西,事情就是靠它们
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1:55:22
things get done it's what energizes you what's puts you in the world it makes what makes you ambitious it makes you assert yourself and and motivate yourself it has to be channeled it has to be disciplined but you have to see you know we were talking about are people pleasing things and how you reframe it you have to see who you are and see The Virtue and see the power in that and it's a cultural problem because men are very confused I didn't have that confusion when I was growing up um you know so now it's very difficult because you're being told that all these things that you feel naturally are negative they're only negative if you can't control them so self-control is a very masculine quality you're able to control yourself you're able to control your passion you're able to not talk too much if you don't need to talk too much I'm not saying women don't have that the opposite is wrong these are things that men naturally have because of their biology and I'm sorry I do believe in these things um but
完成的,它给你能量,它把你推向世界,它让你有野心,它让你确立自我、激励自己。它必须被引导,必须被自律约束,但你要看见——我们刚才说到讨好型人格那些事,说到怎么重新框定它——你必须看清自己是谁,看到其中的美德,看到其中的力量。这是一个文化问题,因为男人非常困惑。我成长的时候没有这种困惑,所以现在真的很困难,因为你被告知,所有这些你自然而然感受到的东西都是负面的。它们只有在你无法控制它们时才是负面的。所以自制是一种非常男性化的品质:你能控制自己,能控制自己的激情,能在不需要多说话的时候闭嘴。我不是说女性没有这些,说反过来不对的意思是这些是男人因为生理构造而天生具有的东西。抱歉,我确实相信这些东西,但
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1:56:32
they're good they're just how you use them that can be bad and so I just wish there were more positive role models out there I know I could be a real bastard I could be a real [ __ ] I'm very competitive when I play games I like to win and I can be a little bit mean about it okay I mean I'm a pleaser but I like winning I channeled it all of my aggression all of that testosterone I'm not saying I have more than anyone I just have normal amounts I pour it into my books I pour that edge that aggression that like damn you I don't really like you I don't like the world into the 48 Laws of Power into here's how these manipula these how people manipulate these are how people can be bad and cruel and I'm going to get out all my aggression by exposing it and showing it and being as real and direct I Channel it into something as opposed to hurting other people kind of thing so finding ways to channel your aggressive tendencies is a positive way way of being a man you have to find whatever that is sports is a great example but
它们是好的,只是你怎么用它们,这才可能变坏。所以我只是希望外面能有更多正面的榜样。我知道我可能是个混蛋,我可能是个很讨厌的家伙。玩游戏的时候我好胜心极强,我想赢,而且我会有点刻薄。好吧,我是个讨好型的人,但我喜欢赢。我把这一切都引导出去了,我所有的攻击性,所有那些睾酮——我不是说我比别人多,我只是正常水平——我把它倾注进我的书里,我把那种锋芒、那种攻击性,那种“去你的,我并不真的喜欢你,我不喜欢这个世界”的劲头,倾注进《权力的48条法则》,倾注进“这就是人们操纵别人的手法”,“这就是人们如何变得恶劣和残忍”,而我要通过把它揭露出来、展示出来、尽可能真实直接地写出来,把我所有的攻击性宣泄掉。我把它引导到某件事上,而不是去伤害别人。所以,找到方式引导你的攻击倾向,是做一个男人的一种积极方式你得找到那个出口,运动是个很好的例子,但还有别的途径。这感觉
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1:57:43
there are other things as well it feels a lot like Alchemy in a way uh or actually it's even it's Alchemy is taking something which is bad or useless and turning it into something which is valuable this is taking uh something which is uncertain it could go either way you know this desire for Mastery for conquer for achievement uh and and using it to propel you forward and hopefully making the world a better place along there's no reason that your desire to pursue and Conquer and and and become masterful anything has to leave the world worse it's not some weird zero some thing where in order for you to become better you need to take from the world I think it it's additive yeah yeah I mean um you know you have to you have to be smart and um you have to be in control of yourself and you have to be disciplined but let's just add discipline to one of those other masculine virtues it just needs to be redefined we need people out there men and even women who um feel comfortable with this saying these are the virtues
很像炼金术,或者说,其实炼金术是把坏的或无用的东西变成有价值的东西;而这里是把一种不确定的、可能往好也可能往坏发展的东西——你知道,那种对精通、对征服、对成就的渴望——用它来推动你前进,并且希望能让这个世界变得更好。你想要追求、征服、在某件事上臻于大师,这没有任何理由必须让世界变得更糟。这不是什么奇怪的零和游戏,好像你要变得更好就必须从世界夺走什么。我觉得它是加法。是的,是的。我的意思是,你必须聪明,你必须控制自己,你必须有自律。那我们就把自律也加进那些男性美德里吧。它只是需要被重新定义。我们需要有人站出来,男人,甚至女人,坦然地说:这些就是那些美德,
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1:59:04
this was these are the good sides of being of being a man and being masculine and so even mastering things and even being competitive is not bad you build a business that kicks ass that that that that does really well that that gives people certain things that they needed or they wanted so it's just a matter of how you channel that energy and how you control it and what the virtues are is self-control not feeling like you have to put people down in order to raise yourself up feeling confident not having to boast a terrible ma um toxic masculine quality is boasting and saying look how much money I have look how much women I've slept with look at all this other other thing you just talking it's just a lot of hot air that's not strong that's actually weak some so many powerful qualities actually come from a position of great weakness and insecurity when I look at leaders who are always like boasting and talking about you know all the great things that they've done I see a little insecure little weak child having to say these
这些就是身为男人、身为男性的好的一面。所以,追求精通并不坏,有竞争心也不坏。你建立起一家非常出色的企业,做得很好,为人们提供他们需要或想要的东西。所以关键只在于你如何引导那股能量,如何控制它,以及那些美德是什么:是自制,是不觉得自己必须贬低别人才能抬高自己让自己感觉自信,而不需要去吹嘘,一种糟糕的、呃、有毒的男性气质就是吹嘘,说你看我有多少钱,你看我睡过多少女人,你看这个那个,你只是在说而已,那不过是一堆空话,那不是强大,其实是软弱,很多所谓强大的品质其实来自于极度软弱和不安全感的位置。当我看到那些领导者总是在吹嘘、在讲他们做过的那些丰功伟绩,我看到的是一个不安、软弱的小孩,非得说这些话不可,对吧?所以这取决于它是来自某种扎实
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2:00:15
things right so it just depends on whether it comes from something solid and strong or comes from massive Wells of insecurity Robert Green ladies and gentlemen Robert I I really really appreciate uh your openness at being able to talk about this stuff I think this line between human psychology and human nature um is very much needed at the moment because as you said about the masculinity portion the role models the archetypes sort of um previous lessons and channels that we would have run through many of them have been thrown up in the air by technology by changing social uh uh positions and uh I I'm looking forward to you getting this Sublime which I'm sure that you are as well getting this Sublime thing finished yeah and then when it's finished I'll be missing it and ready to do the next one what's your self-imposed rough self-imposed submission date well it's going to hope hopefully it'll be out in 2026 okay you're going to have to wait two years cuz it's going to take a year to finish and then a year to put it in
而坚固的东西,还是来自巨大的不安全感深井。各位,这就是罗伯特·格林。罗伯特,我真的非常感谢你愿意这么坦诚地聊这些东西。我觉得人类心理学和人性之间的这条界线,呃,在当下非常有必要探讨,因为就像你说的关于男性气质那部分,那些榜样、那些原型,某种程度上我们过去遵循的那些教导和路径,很多都被技术、被不断变化的社会地位给搅乱了。呃,我很期待你把这本《崇高》完成,我相信你自己也一样,期待把这本《崇高》写完。是啊,然后写完之后我会怀念它,然后准备开始下一本。你给自己定的大概的截稿日期是什么时候?嗯,希望它能在2026年出版。好的,那你们得等两年了,因为要花一年写完,再花一年打磨,呃,我可以说这会是
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2:01:31
shape and uh I can say it's going to be a very weird book coming from you that is a extra special claim yeah it's the weirdest book though that I've ever written can can you say why well I'm trying to shake you up I'm trying to make you not see the world in the same way I'm trying to make you realize that you've you're looking at it in a very limited fashion and so every chapter I'm trying to challenge you and say that the world is different and actually much more exciting and interesting than you think it is and um so I would like to compare it to taking drugs without having to take the drugs that it's going to like kind of alter a little bit how you look at things as if you micro doed on something books kind of like micro do you know so um it's going to alter you how you look at nature how you look at animals how you look at yourself how you look at people how you look at your own childhood how you look at history how you look at Art and and music and and then how you look at death death is the
一本非常怪的书——出自你之口,这可是个格外了不得的说法。是啊,这是我写过的最怪的一本书。你能说说为什么吗?嗯,我想动摇你,我想让你不再用同样的方式看世界,我想让你意识到你看世界的方式非常局限。所以每一章我都试图挑战你,告诉你世界是不一样的,其实比你想象的要令人兴奋和有趣得多。呃,所以我想把它比作嗑药,但不用真的嗑药,它会稍微改变一下你看待事物的方式,就好像你微量服用了什么东西。书某种程度上就像微量服药,你懂吧。所以呃,它会改变你看待自然的方式、你看待动物的方式、看待你自己的方式、看待别人的方式、看待你自己童年的方式、看待历史的方式、看待艺术和音乐的方式,然后是你看待死亡的方式。死亡显然是最后一章,因为死亡是
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2:02:42
Final Chapter obviously because death is the ultimate Sublime you know something I know quite intimately so um it's going to to be a a weird book and maybe it'll fail maybe they'll have 10 readers well you've been certain over the last eight so you know yeah but this could be the one that's that fails you never know uh I've been thinking so much about awe and Dread as two emotions that are pretty absent and uh I imagine that they fit somewhere into the sublime I think Transcendent experiences like that well so important I mean I know we're at the end here but the the sublime is an unusual thing It's a combination of pain and pleasure of awe and Terror of and these two things in the human body and I analyze the the neurolog the physiology of it create a kind of VI vibratory effect in you where if it were just beautiful and pleasurable well okay if it were just painful ah but the combination of the two is startling and it makes you look at it and it has an effect on your body and it gives you chills you know
终极的崇高,这是我相当亲密地了解过的东西。所以呃,这会是一本很怪的书,也许它会失败,也许只有十个读者。你过去八本都很有把握,所以你知道的。是啊,但这本可能就是失败的那一本,谁也说不准。呃,我一直在想很多关于敬畏和恐惧这两种情绪的事,它们相当地缺席了,呃,我猜它们在崇高里占据某个位置。我觉得那样的超验体验非常重要。我是说,我知道我们快结束了,但崇高是个不寻常的东西,它是痛苦和愉悦的结合,是敬畏和恐惧的结合,而这两样东西在人体内——我分析了它的神经学、生理学——会在你身上产生一种震颤般的效果。如果它只是美的、令人愉悦的,那好吧;如果它只是痛苦的,啊。但两者的结合是令人震撼的,它让你不得不注视它,它对你的身体产生作用,让你起鸡皮疙瘩,你懂的。所以呃,就像你仰望夜空的时候,它是无限的,它是令人敬畏的,
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2:03:52
and so um so like when you look out at the night sky it's infinite it's awesome but I'm so small I'm so tiny signant I'm so meaningless put those two together and you have the sublime well I'm going to see uh the Val's Four Seasons performed in Venice in two weeks so I wonder whether I'll have some Sublime or some a or some dread I'll I'll take some uh what's the dread oh being in the presence of Mastery like that throws into sharp contrast all of the areas where you haven't pushed yourself and you can feel dreadful for that I often find whenever I see my friends who are in a rock band and they play like a huge gig and I'm there and you know I just watch them command a th thousands of people yeah yeah and I go what the [ __ ] are you doing with your life why so it's a it's a beautiful blend of the two I tell you before we do leave um first off everyone needs to go and pick up uh the 25th anniversary edition of 48 Lo of power because it's beautiful and you get to do that cool thing with the edges of
但我如此渺小,我如此微不足道,我如此毫无意义。把这两者放在一起,你就有了崇高。嗯,我两周后要去威尼斯看《四季》的演出,所以我在想我会不会体验到某种崇高,或者某种敬畏、某种恐惧。我会接受一些呃——恐惧是什么?哦,身处那样的大师技艺面前,会让你所有没有逼自己一把的领域被鲜明地映照出来,你会为此感到糟糕透顶。我常常发现,每当我看到我那些搞摇滚乐队的朋友,他们演一场超大的演出,我在现场,你知道,我就看着他们掌控着成千上万人,然后我就想“我他妈这辈子在干什么”。为什么?所以这是两者的美妙融合。我告诉你,在我们结束之前,呃,首先每个人都该去买一本呃《权力的48条法则》25周年纪念版,因为它太漂亮了,而且你可以玩书页边缘那个很酷的东西,它是限量版,会卖光的,那个呃,而且
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2:05:03
the paper and it's a limited edition it's going to run out and that uh but also you've started uh pumping on YouTube as well it seems like every few days there's a a new piece of content so people can go and check that out which I'm a massive fan of yeah yeah I can't believe it because we started out with nothing and we're going to be hitting two million subscribers this year so it's w join us in the muck and the Maya of the content creator world oh my God it's soon soon you'll be doing peace peace signs and and selfies and all the rest of it yeah the pressure you you have you can't let up it's it's almost like a bad thing in some ways aloofness is difficult when you're doing that Robert thank you so much it's been a long time coming to do it yeah thanks thank you very much for tuning in if you enjoyed that episode with Robert you will love my conversation with his old student and fantastic stoic philosopher Ryan holiday just that
你也开始呃在YouTube上发力了,好像每隔几天就有一个新内容,所以大家可以去看看,我是你的超级粉丝。是啊是啊,我简直不敢相信,因为我们是从零开始的,而我们今年就要达到两百万订阅了。所以欢迎加入我们内容创作者世界的泥泞和幻象天哪。快了,很快你就会开始比剪刀手、自拍,还有其他那一整套了。是啊,那种压力,你不能松懈,从某些方面来说这几乎是件坏事。当你在做那些的时候,超然是很难的。罗伯特,非常感谢你,这次对话等了很久了。是啊,谢谢。非常感谢大家收听。如果你喜欢这期和罗伯特的节目,你一定会喜欢我和他的老学生、了不起的斯多葛哲学家瑞安·霍利迪的对话。就这样
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视频总结 · 一句话概括与核心要点

一句话概括

Robert Greene 认为,权力与个人成就的本质是心理学而非数据指标——人要通过长期积累技能改写大脑、守住并经营声誉、拥抱自身的怪异与独特性、主动为自己制造压力和截止期,并在"在场"与"缺席"之间把握节奏,才能成为不可替代的人。

核心要点

  • 哲学与心理学丢掉了"灵魂",只剩可量化的数据。 Greene 认为苏格拉底、尼采放在今天会被嘲笑"主观、没有数据"。他偏爱禅宗——称其为"终极现实主义哲学",因为它要求哲学与日常生活不可分离;他推崇的当代作家是意大利人 Roberto Calasso(如《Ka》),理由是"能搅动我的灵魂"。他批评学术界的通病:为了在《纽约时报》书评上出圈而刻意"反对某个立场",比如 Thomas Nagel 的《成为一只蝙蝠是什么感觉》——真相往往是更圆融的两端兼容,而非反向对冲。
  • 技能积累是在物理层面改写大脑,且回报极度滞后。 Greene 在 39 岁前"一事无成":新闻业(学会赶稿、开篇抓人、戏剧化)、欧洲流浪写小说(学会讲故事)、好莱坞(学会调研与戏剧结构)——18 年的看似浪费,全部在写《权力的48条法则》时兑现。他引用 UCLA 神经科学家 Schwartz 对强迫症患者的研究:仅靠认知策略就能在脑部扫描上看到大脑结构改变——"非物质的思维能改变物质"。没有技能时人生是"无尽的原地兜圈"。
  • 权力是纯粹的心理学,而非绩效指标。 他以自己担任上市公司董事会成员的经历佐证:CEO 的上位与棒球的打击率不同,不靠可衡量的业绩,而靠会做"局"——懂外表、懂光学效应、懂震慑、懂"少说话"。声誉本身就是一种先行的武器:Greene 说自己"马基雅维利"的名声让他迟到五分钟都被解读为心理战术,尽管那只是堵车。
  • 信誉没有退货政策。 声誉上升期能指数级替你做功,一旦下滑,连你的好作品都会被贬低成"骗子、托儿、假货"。他与主持人都指出:那些用信誉换短期金钱或政治站位的人,如果有机会会"倾其所有换回来"。声誉还必须一致——人们只判断表象,需要一个简单、可抓握的标签;左右摇摆逐风而动的人会显得"没有灵魂、不可信"。反向应用(他自称是"马基雅维利式的恶毒建议"):攻击敌人声誉的方式是抛出与其人设矛盾的事实,气球会瞬间瘪掉——P.T. Barnum 就是此道高手。
  • 可替代就一定会被替代,怪异是唯一的护城河。 Greene 的论证链条是生物学的:出生时染色体变异组合在数学上不可能被复制,这些细微差异塑造了你的口味与倾向。社会压力(尤其社交媒体)会淹没童年那个说"你该去写作"的小声音。他用自己的书作证:出版社要求把《48条法则》改得更像"正常的书"(去掉页边故事、引语、图像),他回答"要么照原样出,要么算了"——正是这份怪异让它脱颖而出。他还援引 Temple Grandin:三四岁不能说话、几乎被送进医院,最终成为杰出学者。
  • 独特性不仅是策略,还是对文化生态的义务。 类比生态学:栖息地的物种多样性靠基因突变维持活力;人类文化同理,个体的"突变"是对文化基因池的贡献。反例是七八十年代的苏联——早期的多元声音被监禁与杀害后,文化"死在藤上"。
  • 压力不是敌人,无聊才是。 人脑是在生存压力下进化的,"气压"一旦撤走,人就在三个方向上耗散能量(打游戏、看色情片)。他自己写书压力大到"可能中风",但"宁可死于压力也不愿无所事事"。经典案例是爱迪生:1870 年代他其实只是在白炽灯上小打小闹,却对报纸宣称五年内点亮整个纽约——煤气股票应声下跌,资金涌入,员工惊呼"你在想什么",他回答"我已经说出去了,那我们最好动手"。五年后他真的做到了。同理,Naval Ravikant 是被同事那句"我以为你要创业了"推出门的。挑战要略高于现有水平——不是"48条法则续集"(太容易),也不是"四千页人类思想史"(不可能)。
  • 顺风顺水的第一次是诅咒。 50 Cent 的首张专辑《Power of the Dollar》因他中枪而被 Columbia 雪藏、并被解约——这次彻底归零反而教会他不能依赖保守的唱片公司,转而在皇后区、布鲁克林、曼哈顿街头自售 mixtape(第一首就是对所有怀疑者和想杀他的人说"去你的"),最终避免了"一曲歌王"。Greene 说自己 39 岁前失败太多,以至于每写一本书都确信它会失败——包括正在写的这本——而这种恐惧正是保护。
  • 缺席与在场是一支舞,不是消失。 拿破仑的算法:每晚出现在剧院的皇帝包厢会被视为理所当然,每周出现只是"有点意思",每月出现才是"事件",每年出现则会被遗忘。这在神经层面对应间歇性/可变奖励机制(老虎机与社交媒体的原理)。约会场景的具体节奏:当晚或次日发消息显得急切,隔两天(但别到三天)时对方已开始幻想你,此时名字跳出来才有力量。但他强调有先后:Michael Jackson 和 Beyoncé 能消失两年,而还没开始的人"延迟出版第一本书不叫若即若离,叫没干活"——必须先建立惯例,才能打破惯例。
  • 马基雅维利被严重误读:他的核心是流动,不是刚硬。 Greene 认为他最被忽略的洞见是:人靠某种特质登上高位,但时代变了,那个特质不再吃香,而人已经上瘾于同一套打法——他咨询的失败者几乎都卡在这道天花板上。马基雅维利痴迷于佛罗伦萨的河流与水流,理想的君主是能随"命运"流转而调整手段(但不改变内核)的人。真实的他是一位温暖、风趣、写过在梵蒂冈上演的讽刺天主教喜剧《曼陀罗》的完整文艺复兴人。
  • 男性气质需要被重新定义,而非否定。 Greene 主张睾酮、进取心、竞争心本身是好的,"只有在无法控制时才是负面的"。他给出的美德清单:自制("不需要说话时能不多话")、以尊重女性作为强大的表现而非示弱、不靠贬低他人抬高自己。他点名指出 Andrew Tate 式路径不是唯一选项,而炫耀(钱、女人)恰恰是软弱的信号——"我看到的是一个不安全的、虚弱的小孩不得不说这些话"。他自己的处理方式是把全部攻击性倒进书里:"我要通过揭露操纵的手段来释放我的攻击性。"

结论与值得注意的细节

  • "消极能力"(negative capability)是全场的方法论枢纽。 这是济慈 200 年前用来解释莎士比亚为何伟大的概念:能同时容纳两个看似矛盾的想法而不急于抓住其中之一、不急于下判断。Greene 将其等同于创造力本身。主持人将其重新表述为"认知叠加态"——直到必须决策时才让叠加态坍缩。
  • 确定性即愚蠢。 古希腊人认为世上愚蠢无能之人造成的伤害多于恶人(对应的美德是 phronesis,实践智慧)。Greene 的诊断是:愚蠢来自"确信自己有全部答案",而且那个答案通常还是从网上吸收来的二手货。修昔底德记录的伯罗奔尼撒战争就是范例——雅典领袖确信征服西西里轻而易举,没有做战略层面的推演,结果葬送了民主与黄金时代。他与主持人都注意到:愤世嫉俗者与"永远正确者"这两个圈是高度重叠的。
  • 别急着给自己的特质贴上"要修掉的毛病"的标签。 主持人自述向朋友抱怨自己是"讨好型人格",对方回答:在我看来那是你先想到我,这正是我爱你的原因。Greene 认同并补充:这类特质来自基因或幼年依恋,改不掉,那就把它当作力量来用;区别只在于它是出于恐惧(怕被拒绝、怕令人失望)还是出于选择。同理,童年被惩罚的特质(话多、爱提问)和被视为缺陷的特质(独处)长大后往往是超能力——播客正是二者的成年形态。主持人还提出"怪异榜样"(weirdness role model)的概念:看到别人做出某个越界行为,你才敢给自己松绑。
  • 被攻击是重要性的证明。 阿里说没有 Joe Frazier 就没有他的高度。Greene 亲历:《第50条法则》第一版因写得过于以 50 Cent 为中心而被出版社直接毙掉,新出版商要求他重写并把自己放进去——只给八个月。这是他写书生涯中第一次面对真正的失败风险,而它逼出了他的最佳状态。(他也澄清:不存在第49条法则,"第49条法则就是不谈论第49条法则"。)
  • "宫廷愤世者"的构想。 主持人提出,除了可以肆意嘲弄国王的宫廷弄臣,聪明的君主还应雇一个专职唱反调的人。Greene 说这正是他为企业做咨询时的角色:推演所有可能出错的环节、竞争对手的反制、公众的反应——"但他们从来不听我的"。
  • 新书《Sublime》定位为"不用吃药的迷幻体验"。 预计 2026 年出版(写完一年,打磨一年)。Greene 称这是他写过最怪的书,逐章挑战读者对自然、动物、自我、童年、历史、艺术与音乐的看法,最后一章写死亡——因为死亡是终极的崇高。他给出崇高的生理学定义:痛苦与快感、敬畏与恐惧的结合在体内产生"振动效应"(例如面对无垠夜空时的浩瀚感与自身渺小感同时存在)。书中一章写动物意识与蜘蛛的思维:蜘蛛的智能建立在八条腿感知的振动之上(风、网上的猎物、将至的风暴),大象则能用脚感知十英里外的地震。
  • 两个可复用的实操案例。 夜店排队心理学:队伍长度决定门外观感,而长度取决于队伍的宽度——把围栏收窄成两人宽,同样人数能排出百码长队(同理,餐厅空荡你就不进,爆满哪怕菜难吃你也想进)。P.T. Barnum 的反向版本:雇最糟糕的乐队在他的奇珍博物馆旁边大声演奏,人们为了逃离噪音而冲进馆内。
核心句型 · 9
1. It's not about A, it's about B
“It's not about metrics it's not about things that they've actually done it's about psychology”
先连用否定排除常见答案,再给出真正的解释项。适合纠正听者的默认假设,排比越多,落点越重。仿写:It's not about talent, it's about repetition.
2. The more you …, the more …
“The more you are seen and heard from the more common you appear”
比较级双分句,表示两个量同步变化。写格言式论断最常用,第二分句常带反直觉结论,因此比单句更有力。
3. You can't … and expect to …
“You can't behave the way that everybody else does and expect to not get the results that everybody else gets”
指出「行为」与「期待」之间的逻辑矛盾,用于驳斥自相矛盾的诉求。仿写时把两个动词换成同一人的两种要求即可。
4. It's only in retrospect that …
“It's only in retrospect that you get to piece this entire Arc together”
only 置于句首引出的强调结构,从句内不倒装是因为 only 短语在 that 前。用来说明某事必须事后才成立,书面感强。
5. If it weren't for …, I wouldn't …
“He's the one that if it weren't for him I wouldn't be here”
与现在事实相反的虚拟条件,用于致谢或归因。若说过去,则用 If it hadn't been for … I wouldn't have …。
6. I'd rather A than B
“I'd rather die under the stress than be bored and have nothing to do”
than 后接动词原形,与 rather 后的动词保持同形。用于表明极端偏好,把两个都不理想的选项并列时最见力量。
7. If I had …, I wouldn't be …
“If I had succumbed and I compromised and made it more like other books I wouldn't be here talking to you”
混合虚拟语气:条件从句说过去(had done),主句说现在(wouldn't be)。讲述人生转折点的标准句式。
8. knowing what makes you …
“Knowing your uniqueness is knowing who you are is knowing what makes you weird”
what makes you + 形容词作名词性从句,指「使你成为某样的东西」。连用三个 knowing 形成累加节奏,口头论述中常见。
9. there is no … on …
“There is no return policy on your credibility”
用具体商业名词(return policy)承载抽象命题,是造金句的常规做法:把不可逆性说成「没有退货政策」,比直陈更易记。
词汇精讲 · 125 · 按出现顺序
splay /spleɪ/ v. 0:00
张开、摊开;此处指把书页向一侧扇开
emboss /ɪmˈbɔːs/ v. 0:00
压印凸纹、烫印(封面工艺)
Rapport /ræˈpɔːr/ n. 1:02
默契、融洽关系;常搭配 build/have a rapport with sb.
replicate /ˈreplɪkeɪt/ v. 1:02
复制、复刻(工艺或实验)
subsidized /ˈsʌbsɪdaɪzd/ v. 2:03
资助、补贴(某人生计)
speculative /ˈspekjələtɪv/ adj. 3:25
思辨的、臆测的;此处含贬义
ethereal /ɪˈθɪriəl/ adj. 3:25
缥缈的、脱离实际的
mind-blowing /ˈmaɪnd ˌbloʊɪŋ/ adj. 3:25
令人震撼的、颠覆认知的
relatable /rɪˈleɪtəbl/ adj. 4:27
能引起共鸣的、贴近自身经验的
anecdotes /ˈænɪkdoʊts/ n. 5:34
轶事、趣闻
rabbit hole phr. 5:34
越钻越深的岔路;go down a rabbit hole 指陷入其中
glimmers /ˈɡlɪmərz/ n. 5:34
微光;引申为一丝迹象
echolocation /ˌekoʊloʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 6:42
回声定位(蝙蝠、鲸豚的感知方式)
anthropomorphized /ˌænθrəpəˈmɔːrfaɪzd/ v. 7:59
把非人事物拟人化
stance /stæns/ n. 7:59
立场、姿态;novel stance 指新奇的立场
tangent /ˈtændʒənt/ n. 9:03
离题;go off on a tangent 扯远了
hit the nail phr. 10:14
一针见血(完整说法 hit the nail on the head)
in the wilderness phr. 10:14
处于荒野期;指长期失意、无人问津的阶段
glamorous /ˈɡlæmərəs/ adj. 12:32
光鲜诱人的、有魅力光环的
control freak phr. 12:32
控制狂(口语,略带自嘲)
long-winded /ˌlɔːŋˈwɪndɪd/ adj. 12:32
冗长啰嗦的
improvised /ˈɪmprəvaɪzd/ v. 12:32
即兴想出、临场发挥
in the trenches phr. 16:11
在战壕里;比喻埋头苦干、看不到成果的阶段
in retrospect phr. 17:14
事后回看、回过头来说
quantifiable /ˈkwɑːntɪfaɪəbl/ adj. 17:14
可量化的
approximate /əˈprɑːksɪmeɪt/ v. 17:14
逼近、近似地表达(此处作动词)
woo woo /ˈwuː wuː/ adj. 18:29
玄乎的、神神叨叨的(贬,指缺乏证据的说法)
cynic /ˈsɪnɪk/ n. 19:40
愤世嫉俗者;认定他人皆出于私利
Fathom /ˈfæðəm/ v. 20:59
参透、理解(多用于否定句)
ulterior motive phr. 22:15
别有用心的动机、不可告人的目的
Debbie Downer phr. 23:29
扫兴的人(美式俚语,源自《周六夜现场》)
incompetent /ɪnˈkɑːmpɪtənt/ adj. 24:23
无能的、不称职的
Paradigm /ˈpærədaɪm/ n. 26:39
范例、典型模式
parameters /pəˈræmɪtərz/ n. 26:39
限定条件、边界;think of the parameters 指考虑约束
negative capability phr. 27:50
消极感受力(济慈术语):安于不确定而不急于下结论
ambiguity /ˌæmbɪˈɡjuːəti/ n. 28:58
模糊性、两可状态
entertain /ˌentərˈteɪn/ v. 28:58
(对想法)予以考虑、心里容纳;非「娱乐」义
Cornerstone /ˈkɔːrnərstoʊn/ n. 30:04
基石、根本
bluffing /ˈblʌfɪŋ/ v. 30:04
诈唬、虚张声势(扑克术语)
metrics /ˈmetrɪks/ n. 32:29
量化指标、考核数据
gambits /ˈɡæmbɪts/ n. 33:42
开局手段、策略性招数(源自国际象棋)
nebulous /ˈnebjələs/ adj. 33:42
含混不清的、界限模糊的
Optics /ˈɑːptɪks/ n. 33:42
观感、外界印象(政治与商业常用)
grifter /ˈɡrɪftər/ n. 35:44
招摇撞骗者、靠话术牟利的人
shill /ʃɪl/ n. 35:44
托儿;受雇替人吹捧的人
gravitas /ˈɡrævɪtɑːs/ n. 37:56
庄重感、分量(拉丁语借词)
multiplicative /ˈmʌltɪplɪkeɪtɪv/ adj. 37:56
相乘的、叠加放大的
all over the map phr. 39:58
东一榔头西一棒子、毫无章法
contrived /kənˈtraɪvd/ adj. 40:59
刻意做作的、人为设计痕迹明显的
poke holes phr. 40:59
戳漏洞;poke holes in sth. 挑出破绽
mouthy /ˈmaʊθi/ adj. 42:06
嘴碎的、爱顶嘴挑衅的
flanked /flæŋkt/ v. 42:06
两侧有…守着;be flanked by
unfalsifiable /ʌnˈfɔːlsɪfaɪəbl/ adj. 43:04
不可证伪的(科学哲学术语,此处作话术分析)
anomaly /əˈnɑːməli/ n. 44:01
异类、反常之物
irreplaceable /ˌɪrɪˈpleɪsəbl/ adj. 45:07
不可替代的
chromosomes /ˈkroʊməsoʊmz/ n. 45:07
染色体
inclinations /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃnz/ n. 46:16
倾向、偏好
adolescence /ˌædəˈlesns/ n. 46:16
青春期
quirk /kwɜːrk/ n. 48:30
怪癖、小癖好
alienated /ˈeɪliəneɪtɪd/ adj. 49:39
疏离的;be alienated from 与…相隔膜
hodge podge /ˈhɑːdʒ pɑːdʒ/ n. 49:39
大杂烩、拼凑物
succumbed /səˈkʌmd/ v. 50:53
屈服、让步;succumb to pressure
idiosyncratic /ˌɪdiəsɪŋˈkrætɪk/ adj. 51:54
特立独行的、带个人特有癖性的
eccentricities /ˌeksenˈtrɪsətiz/ n. 51:54
古怪之处、离奇癖性
habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 52:54
栖息地
decadent /ˈdekədənt/ adj. 54:07
腐朽颓废的
die on the vine phr. 54:07
未熟先枯、中途夭折
trebuchet /ˈtrebjuʃet/ n. 55:14
投石机(中世纪攻城器械)
lamenting /ləˈmentɪŋ/ v. 55:14
哀叹、抱怨
malignant /məˈlɪɡnənt/ adj. 56:15
恶性的(医学借喻,指必须切除的坏东西)
stepped on his toes phr. 56:15
冒犯到他、踩到他的地盘
the grass is greener phr. 58:24
别人家的草更绿;总觉得他人处境更好
alchemize /ˈælkəmaɪz/ v. 1:00:46
点石成金、把劣质之物转化为有价值之物
ruthless /ˈruːθləs/ adj. 1:06:33
冷酷无情的
barometric /ˌbærəˈmetrɪk/ adj. 1:07:52
气压的;barometric pressure 气压
like a fiend phr. 1:07:52
着魔般地、拼了命地(work like a fiend)
dissipated /ˈdɪsəpeɪtɪd/ v. 1:07:52
被耗散、消散掉
incandescent /ˌɪnkænˈdesnt/ adj. 1:10:09
白炽的;incandescent light bulb 白炽灯泡
monopoly /məˈnɑːpəli/ n. 1:11:17
垄断
coffers /ˈkɔːfərz/ n. 1:11:17
金库、财源
tinkered /ˈtɪŋkərd/ v. 1:11:17
小打小闹地摆弄;tinker with sth.
Monumental /ˌmɑːnjuˈmentl/ adj. 1:12:30
不朽的、规模巨大的
mores /ˈmɔːreɪz/ n. 1:14:40
社会习俗与规范(社会学用语)
fallibility /ˌfæləˈbɪləti/ n. 1:14:40
易错性、会犯错的本性
goes to your head phr. 1:17:51
冲昏头脑、让人飘起来
bootleg /ˈbuːtleɡ/ n. / adj. 1:19:17
盗版(录音或酒),非正式发行的版本
mixtapes /ˈmɪksteɪps/ n. 1:20:29
混音带;嘻哈圈绕开唱片公司的自主发行形式
doomed /duːmd/ adj. 1:22:50
注定失败的;be doomed to failure
nipping at phr. 1:22:50
紧咬不放、穷追不舍(nipping at your heels)
cratering /ˈkreɪtərɪŋ/ v. 1:23:58
急剧崩塌、断崖式下滑
self-deprecating /ˌself ˈdeprəkeɪtɪŋ/ adj. 1:25:08
自嘲的、自贬的
fluke /fluːk/ n. 1:26:12
侥幸、走运的偶然
sycophants /ˈsɪkəfənts/ n. 1:28:35
马屁精、谄媚之徒
with impunity phr. 1:28:35
不受惩罚地、可以肆无忌惮地
foolproof /ˈfuːlpruːf/ adj. 1:29:34
万无一失的、傻瓜都不会弄错的
relish /ˈrelɪʃ/ v. 1:30:39
享受、乐在其中(relish the chance to…)
nemesis /ˈneməsɪs/ n. 1:30:39
宿敌、命定的克星
humiliating /hjuːˈmɪlieɪtɪŋ/ adj. 1:31:47
让人颜面扫地的
scarcity /ˈskersəti/ n. 1:34:26
稀缺;cultivate value through scarcity 以稀缺造价值
withdrawal /wɪðˈdrɔːəl/ n. 1:34:26
抽身、退出(此处指主动淡出)
aloofness /əˈluːfnəs/ n. 1:36:43
疏离、超然的姿态
alluring /əˈlʊrɪŋ/ adj. 1:36:43
诱人的、勾人的
intermittent /ˌɪntərˈmɪtnt/ adj. 1:36:43
间歇性的;intermittent reward 间歇性奖励
inundating /ˈɪnəndeɪtɪŋ/ v. 1:39:03
淹没、狂轰滥炸(信息或消息)
inertia /ɪˈnɜːrʃə/ n. 1:40:07
惯性;此处指需要先积累的推进力
sporadic /spəˈrædɪk/ adj. 1:41:13
零星无章的、断续的
determinant /dɪˈtɜːrmɪnənt/ n. 1:43:21
决定因素
Curiosities /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsətiz/ n. 1:43:21
珍奇之物、奇观展品
gloss over phr. 1:44:19
一带而过、避重就轻地略过
rigid /ˈrɪdʒɪd/ adj. 1:47:00
僵硬刻板的、不肯变通的
fluid /ˈfluːɪd/ adj. 1:47:00
流动的、灵活善变的(褒义)
lothario /loʊˈθerioʊ/ n. 1:49:22
情场浪子(源自戏剧人物名)
brothel /ˈbrɑːθl/ n. 1:49:22
妓院
impious /ˈɪmpiəs/ adj. 1:50:33
不敬神的、亵渎的
scandalous /ˈskændələs/ adj. 1:50:33
惊世骇俗的、引发丑闻的
foresaw /fɔːrˈsɔː/ v. 1:51:52
预见(foresee 的过去式)
connotation /ˌkɑːnəˈteɪʃn/ n. 1:53:02
隐含意味、言外的褒贬色彩
testosterone /teˈstɑːstəroʊn/ n. 1:53:02
睾酮
wimpy /ˈwɪmpi/ adj. 1:54:12
懦弱窝囊的
assertiveness /əˈsɜːrtɪvnəs/ n. 1:54:12
果断、敢于主张自己的态度
boasting /ˈboʊstɪŋ/ n. / v. 1:59:04
吹嘘、自夸
hot air phr. 1:59:04
空话、大话(a lot of hot air)
archetypes /ˈɑːrkitaɪps/ n. 2:00:15
原型、典型形象(荣格心理学常用)
vibratory /ˈvaɪbrətɔːri/ adj. 2:02:42
震颤的、产生振动感的
let up phr. 2:05:03
松懈、减缓;you can't let up 不能松劲
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